Scientific data does not exist on the Web in the same way as the written word; reviews, media, wikis, social networks, and blogs all contribute to the interconnected nature of ordinary language on the Web. Network effects create additional value from seemingly minor contributions to the Web. But nothing such as this exists for scientific data. Simply put, within the Open Web Platform, we cannot currently turn and apply similar mechanisms for scientific work without great effort. Thus, the Web has not so far enabled Science as well as it has enabled dissemination and interconnection for the written word: to truly enable Science on the Web, we must endeavor to make data and its semantics first-class Web constituents. This thesis focuses on solving this problem by enabling scientific data to exist on the Web in such a way that it can be processed both as viewable content and consumed data. Starting from the principles on which the Web has so far thrived, we propose solutions to enable complex data exchanges while preserving the Web as it stands. We introduce the Partition Annotate Name (PAN) methodology, which relies upon embracing the core architectural principles of the Web: name things with URIs; process common data formats; use common rules under a shared contract between publisher, developer, and consumer.

Este projeto de mestrado aborda a utilização de recursos daWeb Semântica na seleção de informações sobre Web Services no registro UDDI (Universal Description, Discovery, and Integration). Esse registro possui a limitação de apenas armazenar informações funcionais de Web Services. As informações não funcionais que incluem as informações de qualidade de serviço (QoS - Quality of Service) não são contempladas e dessa forma dificulta a escolha do melhor serviço pelos clientes. Neste projeto, a representação da base de conhecimento com informações sobre os provedores, clientes, acordos, serviços e a qualidade dos serviços prestados foi feita por meio de uma ontologia. Essa ontologia é utilizada pelo módulo UDOnt-Q (Universal Discovery with Ontology and QoS) que foi projetado para servir de plataforma para algoritmos de busca e composição de serviços com qualidade. Embora a utilização de semântica possa ser empregada para a composição e automatização de serviços, o foco deste trabalho é a garantia de qualidade de serviço em Web Services. Os algoritmos desenvolvidos empregam recursos da Web Semântica para classificar e selecionar os Web Services adequados de acordo com as informações de qualidade que estão armazenados na ontologia. O módulo e os algoritmos foram submetidos a avaliações de desempenho que revelaram problemas de desempenho com relação a abordagem adotada durante o processo de inferência da ontologia. Tal processo é utilizado para a classificação das informações dos elementos presentes na ontologia. Contudo, uma vez que as informações foram inferidas, o processo de busca e seleção de serviços comprovou a viabilidade de utilização do módulo e de um dos seus algoritmos de seleção / This master project addresses the use of Semantic Web resources in the selection of information about Web Services in UDDI registry (Universal Description, Discovery, and Integration). This registry has the limitation of only storing functional information of Web Services. The nonfunctional information that includes the quality of service information (QoS - Quality of Service) is not covered and thus it is complicate to choose the best service for customers. In this project, the representation of the knowledge base with information about the providers, customers, agreements, services and quality of services has been made through an ontology. This ontology is used by the module UDOnt-Q (Universal Discovery with Ontology and QoS) that was designed to serve as a platform for search algorithms and composition of services with quality. Although the use of semantics can be adopted for the composition and automation of services, the focus of this work is to guarantee quality of service in Web Services. The developed algorithms employ SemanticWeb resources to classify and select the appropriate Web Services according to the quality information that is stored in the ontology. The module and the algorithms have been subjected to performance evaluations that revealed performance problems in relation to the approach taken during the ontology inference process. This process is used for classification of information of the elements present in the ontology. However, since the information was inferred, the process of search and selection services proved the viability of using the module and one of its selection algorithms

Ces dernières années ont vu l’émergence d’architectures orientées services (SOA) conçues pour faciliter la création, l’exposition, l’interconnexion et la réutilisation d’applications à base de services. Les services Web sont la réalisation la plus importante de cette architecture SOA. Ce sont des applications auto descriptives et modulaires fournissant un modèle simple de programmation et de déploiement d’applications. La composition de services Web, en particulier l’orchestration, est au coeur de l’ingénierie à base de services (SOC pour Service Oriented Computing) puisque elle supporte la construction de nouveaux services composés à partir de services de base. De son côté, WS-BPEL (ou BPEL) s’est imposé depuis 2005 comme le langage standard d’orchestration de services Web. Cette thèse de Doctorat s’articule autour du test fonctionnel de l’orchestration de services décrite en langage BPEL, qui consiste à établir la conformité de l’implantation d’un service composé par rapport à sa spécification. Nos activités de recherche ont été motivées par les caractéristiques spécifiques de la composition de services surtout celle décrite en BPEL, et par la nécessité d’automatisation des tests. L’objectif de cette thèse est double : d’une part, proposer une modélisation formelle de l’orchestration de services, et d’autre part, proposer une méthode de test complète de l’orchestration de services, allant de la modélisation formelle de l’orchestration à l’exécution des tests, incluant la génération automatique de cas de test. Notre modèle formel (appelé WS-TEFSM) permet de décrire une grande partie de BPEL et prend en considération les propriétés temporelles de la composition de service. La modélisation formelle est la première phase de notre approche de test. Par conséquent, nous utilisons le modèle formel résultant pour la génération de cas de test satisfaisant un ensemble d’objectifs de test. L’automatisation de la génération de cas de test a été mise en oeuvre par l’implémentation d’une stratégie efficace d’exploration partielle de l’espace d’états (i.e. Hit-Or-Jump) dans le simulateur IF. Pour se focaliser seulement sur les erreurs potentielles du service orchestrateur (service composé), nous proposons une approche de test boîte grise consistant à simuler les services partenaires de cet orchestrateur. Nous avons abordé ces problématiques à la fois d’un point de vue théorique et pratique. En plus de la proposition d’une modélisation formelle de l’orchestration de services et d’un algorithme de génération de cas de test temporisés, nous avons implémenté ces deux concepts en développant deux prototypes. BPEL2IF permet de transformer une orchestration de services décrite en BPEL en une spécification formelle à base d’automates temporisés (spécification IF). TestGen-IF permet de dériver automatiquement des cas de test temporisés. Enfin, pour valider notre démarche, nous avons appliqué notre approche de test à des cas d’études de taille réelle. / Last years have seen the emergence of the service oriented architecture (SOA) designed to facilitate the creation, the publication, the networking and the reuse of applications based on services. Web services are the most important realization of the SOA architecture. They are self descriptive and modular entities which provide a simple model of programming and application deployment. Web services composition, especially orchestration, is at the heart of service oriented computing (SOC), since it supports the construction of new composite services out of basic services. WS-BPEL (BPEL for short) has emerged since 2005 as the standard language for Web service orchestration. This PhD thesis focuses on functional testing of service orchestrations described in BPEL, which aims to establish the conformance of a composite service implementation to its specification. Our research activities have been motivated by specific features of the BPEL composition, and the need for test automation. The objective of this thesis is twofold : on the one hand, to propose a formal modeling of service orchestration, and on the other hand, to propose a comprehensive testing approach for orchestrations, ranging from orchestration modeling to tests execution, including automatic test case generation. Compared to existing work, our formal model covers a large subset of BPEL constructs and focuses on the temporal properties of the composition. The formal model is a first step of our testing approach. Afterwards, we use the model to generate the test cases according to test purposes. We automate the test generation by implementing an efficient state space search strategy inside an open-source simulator, i.e. the IF simulator. In our case, to focus on the potential errors of the orchestrator, we propose a gray box approach which consists on the simulation of the partners of this orchestrator. We have addressed these issues both from a theoretical and practical perspective. Therefore, besides proposing expressive orchestration models and test case generation algorithm, we have developed prototypes (BPEL2IF and TestGen-IF) as a proof of concepts. BPEL2IF transforms a BPEL orchestration into a formal specification based on timed automata (IF specification). TestGen- IF generates automatically timed test cases. Moreover, to validate our proposal, we have applied our testing approach on real size case studies.

Tese de mestrado. Engenharia Electrotécnica e de Computadores. Faculdade de Engenharia. Universidade do Porto. 2008

Estágio realizado na AuditMark e orientado pelo Eng.º Pedro Fortuna / Tese de mestrado integrado. Engenharia Informática e Computação. Faculdade de Engenharia. Universidade do Porto. 2010

Tese de mestrado. Tecnologia Multimédia. Faculdade de Engenharia. Universidade do Porto. 2005

Tese de mestrado integrado. Engenharia Informática e Computação. Faculdade de Engenharia. Universidade do Porto. 2012

Tese de mestrado. Tecnologia multimédia. 2005. Faculdade de Engenharia. Universidade do Porto

Estágio realizado na Wipro Retail / Tese de mestrado integrado. Engenharia Informátca e Computação. Faculdade de Engenharia. Universidade do Porto. 2008

Tese de mestrado. Multimédia. Faculdade de Engenharia. Universidade do Porto. 2010