Thesis (Ph.D.)--Murdoch University, 2008. / Thesis submitted to the Faculty of Law and Business. Includes bibliographical references (p. 352-358)

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 2001. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 81-86).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 2003. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 59-63).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2003. / Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xii, 107 p.; also includes graphics (some col.). Includes abstract and vita. Advisor: Douglas B. Downey, Dept. of Chemistry. Includes bibliographical references (p. 92-98).

No description available.

A Thesis submitted to The University of Arizona College of Medicine - Phoenix in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Medicine. / Purpose: compare the Southwestern Indigenous Cognitive Assessment (SWICA), a novel tool for screening AI older adults in Arizona, with The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), a commonly used memory screening tool, for comparison of cultural bias. Methods: Cultural bias was assessed by retrospectively comparing coded participant responses to 16 questions about their cultural context. Intrasample variation on MoCA and SWICA tests was controlled by using the participants as their own controls. Data were analyzed using a multiple regression general linear model on SPSS software. Results: Scores on the SWICA test were independently associated with English use in the home (Beta = .396, p = .026), years of education (Beta = 335, p = .027), and ease of learning (Beta = .361, p = .029), but not age (Beta = .366, p = .054). Scores on the MoCA test were independently associated with age (Beta = ‐.491, p = .001), English use in the home (Beta = ‐.320, p = .039) , and years of education (Beta = ‐.284. p = .030), but not ease of learning (Beta = ‐.267, p = .067). Conclusions: Scores were similar on both tests (t=3.934, p=.001), and were independently associated with English use in the home and years of education. SWICA was uniquely associated with ease of learning and MoCA was uniquely associated with age. This preliminary comparison demonstrates the usefulness of SWICA, and validation of this tool is recommended.

På samma sätt som saker och ting kategoriseras, grupperar sig människor till ”vi” och ”dem”. Tidigare forskning har visat att både en gärningsman och ett vittnes etniska ursprung har avgörande betydelse för hur en gärningsman bedöms vid ett brott. Denna studie undersökte om deltagarnas och gärningsmannens etniska ursprung inverkade på attityden till att vittna vid ett brott. Studien var en kvasiexperimentell enkätundersökning där sammanlagt 166 skolelever i årskurs 9, varav 81 av utländskt ursprung fick besvara påståenden utifrån en fiktiv berättelse då gärningsmannens etnicitet manipulerades. Ingen skillnad kunde påvisas mellan de olika etniska gruppernas attityd till att vittna beroende på gärningsmannens etnicitet. Dock påvisades en skillnad mellan de olika etniska gruppernas attityd till att vittna oberoende gärningsmannens etnicitet. Således gav hypoteserna inget stöd. Resultatet kan bero på att skoleleverna i studien kom från heterogena skolor, och på så vis kunnat utveckla en social samhörighet med varandra.

The field of molecular magnetism has expanded rapidly since the discovery of single molecule magnets (SMMs) in the 1990’s and has witnessed extraordinary advances in the last several decades. One of the current trends in molecular magnetic research is to incorporate metal ions that have pronounced single-ion anisotropy in an effort to improve magnetic exchange interactions. The 4d and 5d transition metal ions have large spin-orbit coupling parameters which contribute to the orbital angular momentum effects that lead to anisotropic behavior. The work herein describes efforts to synthesize and characterize new cyanide-bridged molecular materials incorporating 4d and 5d transition metal ions, specifically the [Os(CN)_(6)]^(3-), [Mo(CN)_(6)]^(3-) and [W(CN)_(8)]^(3-) ions. The 5d hexacyanometallate [Os(CN)_(6)]^(3-) was incorporated into a trinuclear cyanide bridged molecule and the [Fe(CN)_(6)]^(3-) analog was prepared as a reference compound for assessing the effect of the 5d versus 3d metal ion on the magnetic properties. Both molecules exhibit SMM bistability with a pronounced increase (~90 %) in the blocking temperature (TB) of the OsIII analogue. In addition to typical SMM behavior, both compounds exhibit exchange-biased SMM behavior, a shift in the quantum tunneling of the magnetization (QTM) from zero field. This exchange-bias can be turned “on” or “off” depending on the presence of interstitial methanol molecules. New trigonal bipyramidal (TBP) molecules incorporating the rarely studies hexacyanomolybdate(III) ion are presented in chapter III of this dissertation. The molecules of general formula [M(tmphen)_(2)]_(3)[Mo(CN)_(6)]_(2) (M = V^(II), Mn^(II) and Fe^(II); tmphen = 3,4,7,8-tetramethyl-1,10-phenanthroline), represent additions to a large homologous family of TBP molecules reported by the Dunbar group over the years. The [Mo(CN)_(6)]^(3-) ion was prepared in situ by loss of one cyanide ligand from [Mo(CN)_(7)]^(4-). Of particular interest among the compounds reported is the V_(3)Mo_(2) analog which exhibits extraordinarily strong antiferromagnetic coupling (estimated J = -134 cm^(-1). The observed exchange coupling parameter is more than twice the current record for the antiferromagnetic coupling parameter for a cyanide-bridged magnetic molecule. Another set of results were obtained using the octacyanometallate anion [WV(CN)_(8)]^(3-) as a building block for the synthesis and magnetic studies of a family of new cyanide-bridged magnetic materials. The compounds exhibit several different structural motifs including three 0-D molecular compounds (two pentanuclear molecules and a linear trinuclear molecule) and a 1-D chain, findings that illustrate the structural versatility of the octacyanotungstate(V) ions. The TBP molecule, [Mn(tmphen)_(2)]_(3)[W(CN)_(8)]_(2), exhibits evidence for an out-of-phase signal when subjected to ac measurements in zero applied field. The 1-D chain also reveals evidence for the beginning of an out-of-phase signal under zero applied field which hints at single chain magnet behavior.

While debates rage over the relevance and worth of school history, history has been one of the five compulsory subjects up to Ordinary Level in Zimbabwe. However, far away from the corridors of power, it is essential that research be conducted on what school history is for and what represents that which the learner of school history acquires through at least eleven years of school history studies in Zimbabwe. Using the concept of historical literacy as its framework, this study is an analysis of three Ordinary Level history textbooks in Zimbabwe to explore how historical literacy manifests itself in Zimbabwean school history textbooks. In a context of increased government concern over what and how school history should be taught, the study explains how the textbooks that were produced more than ten years ago can still be turned into resources for the propagation of patriotic history, which emerged in the last decade. While conceptualisations of historical literacy continue, I argue for multiple historical literacies, that is, historical literacy which actually takes different forms in different times, spaces and contexts. Thus, what is represented as historical literacy in Zimbabwean history textbooks is not necessarily what historical literacy is elsewhere. This research is a qualitative textual analysis which was conducted in an interpretivist paradigm. I employed historical discourse analysis, question analysis and visual analysis as the analysis methods. The analysis was conducted through an instrument created from the benchmarks of the conceptual framework. The study concluded that despite attempt to push for an activitybased curriculum, historical knowledge, especially the nationalist narrative, is still the dominant benchmark of historical literacy in Zimbabwean textbooks. As a result, the current textbooks can be used, not only for a state sanitised version of historical literacy, but also a version of political literacy. / Thesis (M.Ed.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2009.

Fear of crime influences people’s daily habits (Lavrakas, 1982), as well as entire communities’ feelings of safety and cohesion (Gates, 1987). Gender has been identified as the strongest and most consistent predictor of fear of crime (for a review, see Hale, 1996). The literature consistently finds that women report greater fear of crime than do men. This finding is paradoxical when compared with the concurrent finding that men experience greater criminal victimization than do women. This phenomenon is referred to as the fear victimization paradox (Rennison, 2000). At first, it was accepted that women were more afraid of crime than were men and investigators offered many different theories to explain the paradox (e.g., Fisher & Sloan, 2003, Killias & Clerici, 2000, & Sacco, 1990). However, Sutton and Farrall (2005) investigated the possibility that masculinity was creating a social desirability bias in men’s reporting of fear of crime and when they accounted for this social desirability bias, they found that men actually experienced greater fear of crime than did women. The current investigation replicated and extended this research with 1009 university students and 508 Winnipeg residents. It extended Sutton and Farrall’s study by including measures of fear of crime and social desirability that have greater validity and by testing whether the findings apply differentially to fear of sexual versus non-sexual types of criminal victimization. The influence of age, location of residence within the city of Winnipeg, history of victimization, and masculinity on fear of crime was explored. This investigation was able to replicate Sutton and Farrall’s finding, but only in the community sample. The findings from this investigation suggest that there is a shift as men leave university from actually being less afraid of crime than women to being more afraid of crime. However, despite their increased fear, men in the community seem to maintain the façade of fearlessness. It was also found that women were consistently more afraid of sexual victimization than men, regardless of the influence of social desirability. Masculinity and social desirability had similar negative relationships to fear of crime and the implications of this are discussed.