Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:20:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Patricia de Mello Barboza.pdf: 1180505 bytes, checksum: 543ed0e8cf7c2d9efd73db5ca5eacd1a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-05-06 / This thesis analyzes the bidding method, introduced in the legal system by Law No. 10.520/02, with regard specifically to a differential procedure addressing, first, to the characteristics that draw its lines and then examine each of the phases that compose it, by giving prominence to certain aspects that are deemed most relevant / Esta dissertação analisa o pregão, modalidade de licitação introduzida no ordenamento jurídico pela Lei n. 10.520/02, no que diz respeito especificamente ao seu rito diferenciado, abordando, primeiro, as características que lhe traçam o figurino, para depois examinar cada qual das fases que o compõem, dando-se destaque a certos aspectos que se julgou de maior relevância, a exemplo do momento do recebimento e da análise de amostra

This paper collects the data of bidding Price of the cost equivalent land in Pader reorganization area and Guopi reorganization area, Kaohsiung county. This empirical study applies model of Hedonic price, sets actual accepted bidding price and starting bid price per ping as dependent variables, and selects 11 independent variable to discuss the factors that the cost equivalent land in reorganization area would affect land bidding price and base price. In this research, we found that the accepted bidding price would increase NT$3,918 with the increasing road width per 1 meter. Corner lots have positive effect on both of starting bid price and accepted bidding price. The accepted bidding price of corner lots would be increased NT$19,160, which is 15.5% of average sample price. The positive effect also shows on commercial area; the accepted bidding price of commercial area would increase NT$24,374, which is 19.3% of average sample price. The lands which close to prosperity road have higher price than general area. Hedonic price model of accepted bidding price with the linear function shows that the bidding price of the area which closed to prosperity road would increase NT$58,139, which is 46.1% of average sample price. This research also shows the most significant factors for accepted bidding price are "Road width", "Corner lots", "Zoning Regulation", "Distributions of administrative district", and "Commercial area". On the other hand, the starting bidding prices which are set by government have significant factors on "width-Depth ratio", "corner lots", "Distance from the recent park", "Zoning Regulation", and "Distributions of administrative district. " There are diverse effects and ranges for land price.

This dissertation performs economic analysis of search advertising from a comprehensive picture of the competition facing advertisers---by incorporating the price competition to endogenously investigate advertisers' bidding incentive, and taking into account consumers' online search and the unique information structure associated with the search advertising format. It consists of three essays based on game-theoretic modeling. The first essay studies the oligopolistic price competition among advertisers placed in different advertising positions, considering distinctive features of consumers’ online search behaviors. We find an interesting local-competition pattern in which direct price competition occurs only between advertisers adjacent to each other. The second essay integrates the price competition into the bidding competition and investigates the endogenous bidding incentives of advertisers with different competitive strengths. Surprisingly, we find that an advertising position with a better exposure may not always be profitable for the advertisers with competitive advantage, even if it is cost free. We also show that the bidding outcome might not align with the relative competitive strength. The third essay further considers the effects of organic listing as a competing information source on the sponsored bidding competition and the outcome performances in search advertising. It provides answers to questions such as whether and why advertisers with sufficient exposure from the organic list may still be willing to bid for top sponsored positions, and how the existence of organic listing affects search engine’s revenue, consumer surplus, and social welfare. / text

Recent medical studies have led cardiologists to revise theories regarding the cause of heart attacks. Rather than a gradual clogging of the arteries, eruption of a vulnerable plaque is thought to be the cause of approximately 75% of all heart attacks. As a result, traditional risk factors are no longer sufficient indicators of who is at risk for a heart attack. Therefore, this research investigates the willingness to pay (WTP) for a new, hypothetical detection (screening) and treatment method for vulnerable plaque. For this study, two survey instruments were developed that take advantage of the visual and interactive aspects of the Internet. Individuals report their perception of heart attack risk both prior to and after receiving new information on who cardiologists currently believe to be at risk for a heart attack. In addition, respondents are provided with information about the effectiveness and risks associated with screening and treatment. Using webbased surveys, which follow a contingent valuation format, an iterative bidding process is used to elicit the respondents WTP for either the screening or treatment method. Internet, on-line surveys are often prone to coverage bias; however, the survey valuing screening (a simple blood test) used a Knowledge Networks panel and resulted in a sample of 268 adults that is essentially representative of the general population. The survey valuing treatment (a more invasive heart catheterization procedure) was administered only to individuals with doctor-diagnosed heart problems, who are presumably more familiar with these types of medical decisions, and resulted in a sample of 295 adults. The mean for screening is $69 and the mean WTP for treatment that is 85% effective is $5,816. A two-part model is used to identify the factors that influence WTP, as well as the decision to receive the screening/treatment. The data suggests that these factors vary across genders. The data obtained for this study demonstrate construct validity; therefore, the results may provide useful information for policy analysis regarding the screening and treatment of heart attack.

<p>Course:        Bachelor Thesis in Business Administration, 15 ECTS</p><p> </p><p>Topic:          The Impact of Strategic Purchasing on an Organization’s Profitability</p><p>                     A Case Study of Ghana Telecom Company        </p><p>                                         </p><p> </p><p>Supervisor:     Mats Viimne</p><p>Background:  The purchasing function contributes directly to the operating results and</p><p>                       profitability of an organization. It has been argued out that, the fact that</p><p>                       purchasing is responsible for spending more than 60 percent of an organization’s    </p><p>                       sales dollars highlights the profit-enhancing potentials of the purchasing on an</p><p>                       organization.</p><p> </p><p>                                 </p><p>Problem:       How can strategic purchasing affect the profitability of an organization?</p><p> </p><p>Purpose:       The purpose of this research is to describe how strategic purchasing impact on</p><p>                      the profitability of Ghana Telecom Company.    </p><p> </p><p>Method:      The author collected both primary and secondary data in order to fulfill the  </p><p>                    purpose of the paper; the primary data was gathered directly from relevant sources</p><p>                    in Ghana Telecom Company, through telephone and email interviews. The</p><p>                    secondary data was obtained from indirect sources, such as textbooks, articles, and</p><p>                    websites. The method used can be described as a qualitative.</p><p> </p><p>Conclusion: An organization’s purchasing strategy is becoming recognized as a strategic weapon</p><p>                    equal in importance to its marketing, conversion and finance strategies as pointed</p><p>                     out by Dobler et al. Ghana Telecom Company’s strategic approach to buying include</p><p>                    multiple sourcing, short-term contracting and competitive bidding as a measure</p><p>                    towards increasing its profitability by being able to source at the lowest cost, and</p><p>                    having other sourcing alternatives, which leads to cost reduction.</p>

Este trabalho compreende a análise e avaliação dos critérios de adjudicação de portos e terminais introduzidos pelo novo marco regulatório do setor portuário brasileiro. O objetivo principal consiste em avaliar se a aplicação na prática desses critérios deverá levar ao alcance dos objetivos da alteração do marco regulatório, a partir da MP 595/2012, depois convertida na Lei 12.815/2013: o aumento da oferta de capacidade e a redução dos custos portuários. A metodologia empregada consiste principalmente na revisão bibliográfica e na análise documental dos instrumentos legais e infralegais que regem o tema, bem como das minutas de editais e contratos dos primeiros arrendamentos de instalações que se prevê licitar sob os novos critérios de adjudicação. Dada a previsão de adoção de regulação econômica em parte significativa dos novos arrendamentos, discutem-se também aspectos da competição portuária e formas de regulação. Aborda-se ainda, resumidamente, outros aspectos que foram alterados a partir da MP 595/2012, especialmente a flexibilização dos requisitos para a outorga de autorização a terminais de uso privado e a centralização dos processos de arrendamentos nos órgãos setoriais (SEP e ANTAQ), em detrimento das autoridades portuárias. Conclui-se que os critérios de seleção a serem utilizados na prática em novos arrendamentos, a maior capacidade efetiva de movimentação e a menor tarifa, embora alinhados com os objetivos iniciais do novo marco regulatório, apresentam riscos à efetiva consecução desses objetivos. Enxerga-se um risco maior no caso das licitações com base na menor tarifa, em que a ausência de pisos para as tarifas nos leilões torna operadores verticalizados os vencedores naturais do processo nesse caso, a menor tarifa ofertada não deverá, na prática, resultar em menores custos aos usuários, já que a redução do valor no leilão pode ser repassada a outro elo da cadeia. / This study comprises the analysis of the criteria to be used in the concession of seaports and seaport terminals under the new Brazilian ports law. The studys main objective is to analyze if the application of these criteria will lead to the objectives that governed the change in the ports law, introduced by the Provisional Measure 595/2012, after converted in Law 12.815/2013: the increase of port capacity and the reduction of port costs. The methodology applied was mainly the research of the bibliography of the subject and the documental analysis of legal and infralegal instruments that govern the issue in Brazil, as well as the drafts of the bid documents of the first seaport terminals to be conceded under the new criteria. Aspects of port competition and regulation are also discussed, given the forecasted adoption of tariff regulation in a relevant part of the new port terminals concessions. The study also approaches other aspects that the Provisional Measure 595/2012 has changed, especially the reduction of the requirements for private terminals to be authorized and the centralization of seaport terminals concession procedures, which were former responsibilities from the Port Authorities, in federal bodies (SEP and ANTAQ). The conclusion of the study is that, despite being aligned with government initial objectives, the criteria to be applied highest throughput commitment or lowest tariff offer risks to the effective achievement of these objectives. The risk is higher in the bids based on the lower tariff, in which the absence of floors for the tariffs make vertically integrated players the natural winners of the bidding process in this case, the lower tariff offered will probably not result in lower costs for port users, once the reduction in the port tariff can be passed on to other links of the chain.

A falta de qualidade das obras públicas no Brasil povoa os noticiários diários. Os exemplos são abundantes, atribuídos a contratos mal elaborados, falhas graves nos projetos ou mesmo à ausência desses, licitações frustradas, obras interrompidas e superfaturadas, desvios de recursos e corrupção. Tentar compreender melhor essa situação é a motivação desta dissertação, que discorre sobre a contratação pública de projetos de edificações e, para isso, estuda o projeto e sua encomenda. A licitação é um procedimento obrigatório para a celebração de qualquer contrato público. Entre outros requisitos, a lei de licitações exige que a proposta seja a “mais vantajosa” para a administração, algo que tem levado à adoção indiscriminada do critério do “menor preço”, sendo incoerente com a doutrina jurídica e contrariando as pesquisas científicas, que consideram o projeto relevante para a qualidade final da obra. O problema de pesquisa questiona exatamente por que a Administração Pública tem contratado por menor preço um serviço que deveria ser contratado por critérios técnicos e de qualidade? O objetivo da dissertação é propor uma explicação para essa situação a partir de revisão bibliográfica, análise da legislação, realização de pesquisa documental com editais de licitação, aplicação de questionários de opinião com arquitetos e outros atores, além de entrevista direta com o autor da lei de licitações. Finalmente, o trabalho comprova a relevância do projeto, mas também desvenda sua irrelevância identificando que o menor preço não é o único problema e, mesmo que “todos” afirmem ser contra o menor preço, o povo segue pagando caro por projetos baratos. / The qualityless of public works in Brazil is currently in the daily news. Examples of it are plentiful, attributed to poorly drafted contracts, serious failures or even absence of projects, frustrated bids, discontinued and overpriced works, waste of resources and corruption. The motivation of this dissertation is trying to better understand this situation, which focuses on the public contracting of building projects and, for this, studies the project itself and its order. Bidding is a mandatory procedure for obtaining any public contract. Among other requirements, the bidding law requires that the proposal be the "most advantageous" for the administration, which ledded to the indiscriminate adoption of the "lowest price" criteria, incoerent with the juridical doctrine and opposite to scientific research, which consider the project relevant to the final quality of the building work. The research problem questions why the Public Administration has contracted for a lower price a service that should be contracted by technical and quality criteria? The objective of the dissertation is to propose an explanation for this situation from a bibliographical review, an analysis of the legislation, a documental research on bid’s documents, an opinion questionaries applying to architects and other actors, as well as direct interview with the author of the bidding law. Finally, the research proves the relevance of the project, but also reveals its irrelevance by identifying that the lowest price is not the only problem, and even if "everyone" claims to be against the lowest price, people continue to pay expensive for cheap projects.

Sustainable production and consumption have become more important internationally, which has led to the transformation of market structures and competitive situations into the direction of servitisation. This means that manufacturing companies are forced to compete through the supply of services as opposed to products. Particularly the suppliers of long-life products such as submarines and airplanes no longer simply sell these products but provide their capability or availability. Companies such as Rolls-Royce Engines achieve 60% of their revenue through selling a service rather than the engine itself. For a manufacturing company, the shift towards being a service provider means that they usually have to bid for service contracts, sometimes competitively. In the context of competitive bidding, the decision makers face various uncertainties that influence their decision. Ignoring these uncertainties or their influences can result in problems such as the generation of too little profit or even a loss or the exposure to financial risks. Raising the decision maker’s awareness of the uncertainties in the form of e.g. a decision matrix, expressing the trade-off between the probability of winning the contract and the probability of making a profit, aims at integrating these factors in the decision process. The outcome is to enable the bidding company to make a more informed decision. This was the focus of the research presented in this thesis. The aim of this research was to support the pricing decision by defining a process for modelling the influencing uncertainties and including them in a decision matrix depicting the trade-off between the probability of winning the contract and the probability of making a profit. Three empirical studies are described and the associated decision process and influencing uncertainties are discussed. Based on these studies, a conceptual framework was defined which depicts the influencing factors on a pricing decision at the bidding stage and the uncertainties within these. The framework was validated with a case study in contract bidding where the uncertainties were modelled and included in a decision matrix depicting the probability of winning the contract and the probability of making a profit. The main contributions of this research are the identification of the uncertainties influencing a pricing decision, the depiction of these in a conceptual framework, a method for ascertaining how to model these uncertainties and assessing the use of such an approach via an industrial case study.

This dissertation examines the partial anticipation hypothesis by employing the bid-ask spread approach in market microstructure theory. Selecting the OTC bidding firms with a careful research design, this dissertation divides sample firms into firms with acquisition programs and firms without acquisition programs.

The goal of the thesis is to improve the existing Editor and Simulator applications that have been created by the autor as his Bachelor Thesis. Document speaks about the main aspects of bridge; about the auction and the bridge play. The whole document is based on the author's Bachelor Thesis which is frequently referenced in the document. Nevertheless, the document should be readable without any previous knowledge of author's former work. The author is discussing his effort to create logic expressions to describe bridge hands and truths in the bridge world. These expressions are then used to construct auction conventions and whole auction systems. The author is discussing the bridge problems and presenting the improved algorithm to solve double-dummy problems. The work also describes the software from the engineering point of view and speaks about the graphic user interface of both programmes.