Nursing is a stressful occupation, which can often lead to compassion fatigue (CF) and turnover intention (TI). When their basic psychological needs (BPN) of competence, relatedness, and autonomy are not met, registered nurses (RNs) may develop a higher propensity to experience CF and TI. Amid projected nursing shortages, the loss of these health care providers may threaten the quality of patient care. Although there is research on BPN and their relationship with well-being and functioning, research is lacking on the relationship between BPN satisfaction, CF and TI among RNs. Researchers have also not examined whether RNs' BPN satisfaction moderates the relationship between CF and TI. To examine these relationships, a quantitative study based on self-determination theory was conducted. A convenience sample of 99 RNs from a nursing association in southern Arizona completed 3 online instruments: Basic Need Satisfaction at Work Scale, Turnover Intention Scale, and Professional Quality of Life Scale Version 5. Linear, correlational, multiple, and step-wise regression analyses were used for testing the study's four hypotheses. Results showed that the BPN of autonomy and competence were related to CF, and all three BPN were related to TI. Additional analysis showed that CF and TI were only marginally related. Results from multiple regression analysis revealed that only 2 predictors, competence and autonomy, significantly predicted TI. Social change implications include the potential to recognize the significance of meeting RNs' BPN, and a consequent reduction of both CF and TI, thus potentially contributing to improved patient care as well as increased productivity and morale.

Compassion fatigue and work-related burnout are harmful reactions to patient situations and work environments that negatively affect nurses' well-being and ability to provide safe, effective patient care. However, research is needed to understand how reflection as a self-care response to patient situations is related to nurses' development of work burnout, compassion fatigue, and secondary traumatic stress, a type of compassion fatigue. The purpose of this correlational, cross-sectional quantitative study was to determine the relationship between hospital-based acute care nurses' levels of reflection and their levels of compassion fatigue, secondary traumatic stress, and work burnout. The study was based on Hentz and Lauterbach's model for reflective practice and Kearney, Weininger, Vachon, Harrison, and Mount's self-awareness-based model of self-care. Internet-based surveys consisting of demographic items, the Groningen Reflective Ability Scale, and the Compassion Fatigue-Short Scale were distributed to a randomly selected sample of 2,000 registered nurses in the southeastern United States. Spearman correlation, Pearson correlation, and binary linear regression analyses revealed no significant relationship between the variable of reflection and the variables of compassion fatigue, secondary traumatic stress, and work burnout among hospital-based acute care nurses. Incidental findings revealed significant positive correlations among compassion fatigue, secondary traumatic stress, and work burnout. The study findings can be used to effect positive social change and inform future research within the nursing profession by highlighting reflective nursing practice and providing awareness of the positive relationships among compassion fatigue, secondary traumatic stress, and work burnout in nurses.

Health care complexities have limited the understanding of nursing care and have jeopardized the "soft skills" or foundation of caring as the art of nursing. Hospice nurses provide a deeper, more spiritual and complex type of care for critically ill and end-of-life (EOL) patients, which place them at a high risk for compassion fatigue. Using Reed's middle range theory of self-transcendence, the purpose of this project was to examine the relationship between compassion fatigue and self-transcendence among inpatient hospice nurses. A descriptive, correlational research methodology guided this inquiry surveying a convenience sample of 42 inpatient hospice nurses at 4 hospice locations. The Professional Quality of Life Scale assessment and Reed's Self-Transcendence Scale were used to survey inpatient hospice nurses. According to study results, although self-transcendence was not significantly associated with fatigue, there was a positive correlation between self- transcendence and compassion satisfaction and between affect and self-transcendence. This study leads to positive social change by providing hospice nurses strategies on how to cope with grief and trauma experienced on-the-job, leading to improved hospice care.

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / Mindfulness-based interventions targeting psychological and physical symptoms in cancer survivors have been shown to be efficacious. However, little is known about theory-based psychological processes through which mindfulness-based interventions may decrease symptoms. The present study is a secondary analysis of data from a mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) pilot trial targeting cancer-related fatigue (CRF) in cancer survivors. Thirty-five persistently fatigued cancer survivors were recruited from a university hospital and various community clinics in Indianapolis, Indiana. Participants were randomized to either a 7-week MBSR intervention for CRF or a waitlist control (WC) condition. Measures were administered at pre-intervention, post-intervention, and 1-month follow-up and included levels of mindfulness, acceptance, and self-compassion as well as the symptom outcomes of fatigue interference, sleep disturbance, and distress. I hypothesized that MBSR would lead to increased levels of five facets of mindfulness (i.e., observing, describing, acting with awareness, nonjudging of inner experience, nonreactivity to inner experience), self-compassion, and acceptance as compared to the WC condition. Using a linear mixed modeling approach, significant group by time interactions were only found for observing, acting with awareness, nonjudging, and self-compassion, such that the MBSR group showed steady increases in these processes over time, whereas the WC group’s scores remained relatively stable. In addition, I examined whether positive changes in the five facets of mindfulness were associated with reductions in the three symptoms using multiple linear regression. This hypothesis was partially supported; acting with awareness was the only facet of mindfulness to show a modest association with a decrease in fatigue, but this result fell short of statistical significance. In addition, decreased sleep disturbance was predicted by increases in acting with awareness and nonjudging, while decreased distress was predicted by increases in observing, acting with awareness, nonjudging, and nonreactivity. Results point to specific psychological processes that may be targeted to maximize the efficacy of future MBSR interventions for cancer survivors.

Bakgrund: Tidigare forskning visar att sjuksköterskan i sitt arbete behöver vårda patienten med medkänsla och empati. Det behöver även finnas motivation och energi för att sjuksköterskan ska orka ge patienten den vård som patienten är i behov av. Samtidigt ska sjuksköterskan i enlighet med författningarna skapa en trygg och säker miljö för patienten för att undvika att patienten skadas. Syfte: Syftet är att kartlägga erfarenheter av compassion fatigue utifrån sjuksköterskans perspektiv. Metod: Allmän litteraturöversikt där sex kvalitativa och fyra kvantitativa artiklar analyseras och presenteras i resultatet. Resultat: Analysen av artiklarna resulterade i tre teman: komplexa vård-möten, sjuksköterskans mående samt yttre faktorer. Det som resultatet visade var att compassion fatigue kunde utvecklas genom olika faktorer såsom stress, brist på personal, konflikter mellan andra professioner, brist på stöttning av kollegor och komplexa vård-möten. Sjuksköterskans brist på återhämtning och reflektion tillsammans med kollegor var även det påverkande faktorer till att sjuksköterskan drabbades av compassion fatigue. Slutsats: Sjuksköterskan är i behov av en balans mellan andra professioner och patienten för att kunna utföra sina arbetsuppgifter. Samtidigt finns ett behov av återhämtning generellt hos sjuksköterskan vilket minskar risken för sjuksköterskan att drabbas av compassion fatigue. / Background: Previous research shows that the nurse in her work needs to care for the patient with compassion and empathy. There also needs to be motivation and energy for the nurse to be able to give the patient the care that the patient needs. At the same time, the nurse must, in accordance with the regulations, create a safe and secure environment fot the patient to avoid injuring the patient. Aim: The aim is to map experiences of compassion fatigue from the nurses perspective. Method: General literature review where six qualitative and four quantitative articles were analyzed and presented in the results. Result: The analysis of the articles resulted in three themes: complex care meetings, the nurse's mood and external factors. What emerged was that compassion fatigue could be developed through various factors such as stress, lack of staff, conflicts between other professions, lack of support from colleagues and complex care meetings. The nurse's lack of recovery and reflection together with colleagues were also influencing factors in the nurse's suffering from compassion fatigue. Conclusion: The nurse was in need of a balance between other professions and the patient in order to perform her duties. At the same time, there was a need for recovery in general in the nurse, which reduced the risk of developing compassion fatigue.

The purpose of the study was to shed light on how socialworkers in children- and youth units in Stockholm related to compassion fatigue and how they felt that their education has conveyed knowledge about it and how this can be understood from a workplace perspective. The study is based on six semi-structured interviews, the empiricism laid the foundation for themes that have created the theoretical frame of reference, which in turn is our primary analysis tool. The study concludes that there needs to be a greater understanding of compassion fatigue, that there needs to be a coherence between expectations and demands placed on socialworkers and more room for recovery to prevent the risk of compassion fatigue. The results showed that empathy and compassion are necessary for social workers, but these qualities also increase the risk of compassion fatigue. There were many factors in the work environment that can either cause or prevent compassion fatigue, such as high workload. The socialworkers themselves have come up with different coping strategies to use to deal with challenges at work. Other factors that can affect according to the socialworkers are lack of self-compassion and reflection, professional attitudes, room for maneuver and knowledge within the education. / Syftet med studien ve att belysa hur socialsekreterare inom barn - och ungdomsenheter i Stockholm förhöll sig till empatitrötthet samt hur dem upplever att socionomutbildningen har förmedlat kunskap om empatitrötthet. Vi har även undersökt hur detta kan förstås utifrån ett arbetsplats-perspektiv. Studien är kvalitativ och grundar sig på sex semistrukturerade intervjuer. Empirin la grunden för de teman som har skapat den teoretiska referensramen, som i sin tur använts som det primära analysverktyget. Studiens diskussion landar i att det behöver finnas en större förståelse för empatitrötthet, att det behöver finnas en samstämmighet mellan de förväntningar och krav som ställs på socialsekreterare samt att det behöver finnas mer utrymme för återhämtning och reflektion för att förebygga risken för empatitrötthet. Resultatet visade att empati och medkänsla är nödvändigt för socialsekreterare, däremot kan dessa egenskaper medföra en större risk för empatitrötthet Det fanns många faktorer i arbetsmiljön som antingen kan orsaka eller förebygga empatitrötthet, såsom hög arbetsbelastning. Socialsekreterarna hade kommit fram till olika copingstrategier att använda för att hantera utmaningar i arbetet. Andra faktorer som kunde påverka empatitrötthet är avsaknad av självmedkänsla och reflektion, professionellt förhållningssätt, handlingsutrymme samt kunskap inom utbildningen.

Inom akutsjukvården idag råder ett högt tempo och en tung arbetsbelastning. Att som sjuksköterska arbeta inom denna verksamhet ställer krav på både kompetens, ork och empati. Att möta svårt sjuka eller skadade patienter och anhöriga i kris kräver ett känslomässigt engagemang. Flera faktorer påverkar dock individens förmåga att upprätthålla detta engagemang. När orken och empatin brister kan detta leda till den form av empatitrötthet som kallas compassion fatigue.   Syftet var att beskriva de faktorer och omständigheter som orsakar compassion fatigue hos sjuksköterskor inom akutsjukvård.   Metoden som valdes var en litteraturöversikt innehållande 17 vetenskapliga artiklar. Artikelsökningen gjordes i PubMed, CINAHL och PsycINFO och sökorden valdes utifrån att kunna besvara syftet.   Resultatet visade att flera faktorer och omständigheter bidrar till utvecklandet av compassion fatigue hos akutsjuksköterskor. Fyra huvudkategorier framträdde; psykosociala faktorer så som att i sin yrkesroll ställas inför etiska dilemman och psykiskt krävande arbetsuppgifter, traumatisering genom att ofta möta lidande och död, arbetsplatsrelaterade faktorer orsakade av hög arbetsbelastning, brist på stöd från chefer och ledare och en utebliven teamkänsla samt demografiska faktorer så som ung ålder och kort arbetslivserfarenhet.   Slutsatsen är att ett flertal faktorer och omständigheter påverkar den bristande ork och förlust av empati som sjuksköterskor inom akutsjukvård kan uppleva på sin arbetsplats. Problemet behöver uppmärksammas, både av anställda och av arbetsgivare inom akutsjukvården, för att kunna erbjuda det stöd som behövs.

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