Concept introduit dans la Loi sur l’Eau et les Milieux Aquatiques en 2006, la continuité écologique d’un cours d’eau (CECE) est considérée comme un moyen d’atteindre le (très) bon état écologique des masses d’eau dans le cadre de la mise en oeuvre de la Directive-Cadre sur l’Eau. Depuis les années 2010, les projets de restauration de la continuité écologique sont entrepris sur des cours d’eau en France. Certains font l’objet de vives oppositions venant ralentir, voire empêcher sa réalisation. La thèse analyse les origines socio-politiques de ce concept et de la politique publique de CECE afin de rechercher dans le passé des éléments explicatifs des difficultés de son application au présent. Elle cherche ainsi à savoir comment les élaborations du concept et de la politique publique de CECE ont cadré, par des mélanges de sciences et politiques, une manière particulière de produire une continuité sur les cours d’eau, laquelle est discutée et contestée par des acteurs dans le but de l’infléchir.Dans une première partie, nous proposons un récit de son élaboration durant la Directive-Cadre sur l’Eau, la Loi sur l’Eau et les Milieux Aquatiques et le Grenelle de l’Environnement n°1. Plusieurs traductions européennes et françaises sont présentées pour comprendre l’évolution de sa définition et de son cadrage. Dans un deuxième temps, nous menons une analyse des discours, utilisée pour rendre compte des diverses manières de présenter et d’interpréter ce concept. En proposant un examen de la controverse entre des acteurs à l’échelle nationale, nous faisons de premières propositions pour expliquer la conflictualité de ce concept. Par la suite, nous étudions la mise en oeuvre de la CECE sur plusieurs cours d’eau appartenant à deux bassins versants français (la Dordogne et la Têt) afin d’étudier les causes de désaccord entre les acteurs de terrain qui portent sur différents savoirs, valeurs, expertises et entités mobilisées pour composer ce projet de cours d’eau.Enfin, à la lumière des résultats de l’analyse, nous étudions ce que pourraient être les caractéristiques d’une CECE, davantage territorialisée et connectée aux attentes des acteurs locaux. / The restoration of European rivers has been aligned with the Water Framework Directive, which promotes the concept of river continuity.This con cept was codified in French law in 2006, whereby it was termed "ecological continuity of rivers" and defined as the free movement of living organisms and the efficient transfer of natural sediments. Since the 2012 , the ecological continuity of rivers has been one of the most significant policy developments affecting rivers in the country. However, efforts to restore or establish ecological continuity have been met with problems, including the opposition of local residents, which have given rise to disagreements. In an effort to better understand these oppositions, this dissertation traces the socio-political origins of ecological continuity of rivers. We analyse how the construction of the concept and the development and implementation of the policy of the ecological continuity combined science and politics. After providing an analyzis of the history of the concept and the policy, we describe its various translations (European and French) in order to detail the evolution of scientific and political entanglements that have resulted in its application to French territory . The thesis adopts an approach that borrows from discursive analysis to explain different ways to interpret the ecological continuity of rivers through science (knowledge, expertises) and politics (entities , values ).The final part provides a fine-grainedanalysis of how public policy implements the removal or alteration of hydraulic workson rivers so as to realize ecological continuityin two French watersheds.The aim is to better understand the main reasonsof disagreementsand conflicts.Flowing from thecritical analysisof thesedifficulties, wepropose a conceptual tool to tackle main challenges involved implementing of ecological continuity and produce what we describe as a "territorial connectivity of rivers".

In 1984 David.A. Rose {3} asked the following question: When a surjection f : X →Y , is weak openness related to the condition Cl(f(U)) f(Cl(U)) for each open U X?. In this note we give an alternative answer to his question.

Purpose: A majority of childhood and adolescent cancer survivors face life-long cancer- and treatment-related sequelae. Long-term follow-up is necessary to facilitate timely diagnosis and management of these health conditions. As part of strategic long-term follow-up, provider continuity of care (PCOC) may improve outcomes through appropriate use of surveillance, screening, and coordination of services. The purpose of this thesis was to assess physician services utilization and PCOC among survivors of childhood cancer compared with general population subjects, and to examine factors associated with survivors' use of physician services and PCOC scores. Methods: Physician services utilization and PCOC were assessed in a population-based cohort of 1322 five-year cancer survivors diagnosed between 1981 and 1995 under age 20 in British Columbia, and a group of 13,220 age- and gender-frequency matched, randomly selected population-based subjects, whose records were linked to individual-level administrative healthcare datasets. Effects of clinical and sociodemographic modifiers on utilization and PCOC were examined using generalized linear modeling. Changes in utilization and PCOC by age were estimated using a longitudinal, repeated measures modeling approach. Results: Survivors incurred an average of 8.94 medical visits per year: 4.82 to primary care physicians, 2.69 to specialists, and 1.43 to non-physician providers. Survivors had more visits than comparators in all visit categories (p<0.0001 for all). As they age, survivors' use of primary care services increases significantly, while their use of specialist services declines, trends that are not mirrored by the comparison population. The average PCOC score for survivors was 0.54 ± 0.22, indicating survivors saw the same primary care provider for only 50% of their primary care visits. Mean score did not differ between survivors and comparators; however, in the population sample scores improved with age (p=0.02), while among survivors, scores worsened (p=0.05). Conclusions: The dramatic age-related increase in primary care visits observed in the survivor group suggests that primary care physicians play a key role in ensuring quality long-term follow-up care. Survivors are at heightened risk for poor PCOC as they age and transition into adult-oriented community care, raising concerns about whether they are receiving the appropriate follow-up care encompassing screening, surveillance and psychosocial support. / Medicine, Faculty of / Population and Public Health (SPPH), School of / Graduate

Disasters such as the recent parliament shooting in Ottawa, Superstorm Sandy, and the Great Japan Sea Earthquake and tsunami are reminders of the roles essential service organizations have in maintaining public health. On a daily basis, organizations are expected to operate under normal conditions, providing goods, services, and community supports. In crisis situations, it is critical that these organizations continue to operate and contribute to adaptive response and recovery in a community. Business continuity planning focuses on ensuring continued functioning of core operations during a disruption. Inherent to the business continuity field is a prevent-and-protect approach to preparedness activities. Asset-mapping exercises have the potential to balance the predominantly risk-based field by focusing on the strengths and capabilities already present within an organization. To understand the value of asset-mapping activities in business continuity plans (BCPs), indicators for organizational resilience are needed. Indicators have the potential to provide essential service organizations with a way to gauge the value of their BCP activities. In addition, this information can help guide decision-makers when developing BCPs. This research is part of a larger project at the University of Ottawa focused on building the empirical evidence base for BCPs and organizational resilience. This thesis, as a sub-study within the larger project, explores assets and indicators for organizational resilience to contribute to the effective evaluation and engagement of organizations in business continuity planning efforts. Emergent themes highlight the importance of assets and their contribution to the adaptive capacity of an organization in the event of a disaster. This study also provides an example list of 28 SMARTT organizational resilience indicators directly derived from organizational assets, providing information that researchers and essential service organizations can use to evaluate business continuity planning activities in relation to organizational resilience.

The population of seniors in Canada is increasing, and the numbers of seniors who remain in or return to the workforce rather than retire are also on the rise. However, work experiences of older individuals have been understudied in research. This study explores the meaning of work to a group of individuals over age 65 in Thunder Bay, a city in Northwestern Ontario. The researcher conducted ten interviews following phenomenological methods of inquiry. Using identity theory, life course perspective, and continuity theory, the study also sought to understand the importance of continuity to older individuals’ experiences of work. Findings revealed eight themes that influenced older workers’ experiences: socio-historical trends, the work environment, health, financial circumstances, purpose, choice, life beyond work, and perceptions of age. Ultimately, continuity of behaviours, life stories, and self-understandings are important features of older workers’ experiences and may influence whether this important group will continue to work.

Bakgrund: Med anledning av att externa risker är oundvikligt för företag krävs det en beredskap för mitigera och mildra dess effekter. Likväl om en risk realiseras leder det till en kris som också måste besvaras av organisationen. Detta innebär att företag måste ha utvecklade styrverktyg för att hantera detta. Ett sätt är med hjälp av risk och krishantering likväl Business Continuity Management BCM.  Syfte: Syftet med studien är att få djupare förståelse för hur IKEA som organisation arbetar med risk och krishantering utifrån faserna före, under och efter krisen samt hur organisationen har agerat och anpassat sig under pandemin specifikt på den svenska marknaden. Studien avser även att analysera om IKEA:s tillvägagångssätt efterliknar BCM-strategier genom att jämföra teori med praktik. Metod: Genom att bruka en kvalitativ forskningsmetod har materialinsamlingen till empirin möjliggjorts via semistrukturerade intervjuer. En abduktiv forskningsansats har nyttjats likväl en fallstudie som forskningsdesign som möjliggjort att få djupare förståelse över IKEA:s risk- och krishantering. Slutsats: Studien visar på att IKEA har en välutvecklad risk- och krishantering inom organisationen utifrån krisens tre faser. Vidare kan det konstateras att IKEA inte har tillämpat BCM enhetligt inom organisationen. Däremot dras slutsatser om att organisationen mer under pandemin har tillämpat strategier som går i linje med BCM. Ytterligare kan slutsatser dras om vilka åtgärder för att anpassa varuhusen mot verksamhetsstörningar, där social distansering och utökad e-handel har varit väsentliga åtgärder. / Background: Due to the fact that external risks are inevitable for companies, a readiness is required to mitigate its effects. Nevertheless, if a risk is realized, it leads to a crisis which must be answered by the organization. This means companies must develop control tools to handle the effect. One way is with the help of risk and crisis management, also, Business Continuity Management. Purpose: The purpose of the study is to gain a deeper understanding of how IKEA as an organization works with risk and crisis management based on the phases before, during and after the crisis and how the organization has acted and adapted during the pandemic specifically in the Swedish market. The study also intends to analyze whether IKEA's approach mimics BCM strategies by comparing theory with practice. Method: By using a qualitative research method, the collection of material for the empirical data has been made possible via semi-structured interviews. An abductive research approach has been used as well as a case study as research design which made it possible to gain a deeper understanding of IKEA's risk and crisis management. Conclusion: The study shows that IKEA has a well-developed risk and crisis management within the organization based on the crisis three phases. Furthermore, it can be stated that IKEA has not applied BCM uniformly within the organization. On the other hand, conclusions are drawn the organization has during the pandemic applied strategies which are in line with BCM. Furthermore, conclusions can be drawn about which measures to adapt the department stores to operational disruptions, where social distancing and increased e-commerce have been significant measures.

In the United States, approximately two million new cancer diagnoses will emerge in 2020, and more than 16 million persons are cancer survivors. Poor mental health is a significant concern among individuals with current or remitted cancer. Approximately 15%-25% of persons in the cancer population experience depression, perhaps attributable to the physical burden of illness and recovery (e.g., treatment side effects), and threat of mortality. Risk for distress may vary relative to the cohesiveness of one’s sense of self across time. Self-continuity, or perceived congruence of how one views their past, current, and future self (e.g., personality; values) may be disrupted by the illness experience but, when present, may promote psychosocial adjustment throughout the illness trajectory. Specifically, stable self-concept may promote engagement in adaptive coping mechanisms (e.g., problem-solving; seeking support), whereas self-discontinuity may deleteriously impact coping (e.g., interpersonal dysfunction; emotion dysregulation). In turn, it is well-established that effective coping is linked to less psychological distress. However, the role of self-continuity in this process has not been previously examined in the context of chronic illness. At the bivariate level, we hypothesized that self-continuity would be positively associated with adaptive coping and negatively related to depressive symptoms, with opposite patterns of correlations for self-discontinuity. At the multivariate level, we hypothesized that adaptive coping would mediate the associations between self-perception type and depressive symptoms; self-continuity would be associated with adaptive coping and, sequentially, to fewer depressive symptoms. Conversely, self-discontinuity would be linked to poorer coping and, in turn, to more depressive symptoms. Our U.S. national sample of persons with current or remitted cancer was recruited online (N=235). Most were female (n=152; 64.4%) and White (n=216; 91.5%). Participants completed self-reported measures including the Self-Continuity Scale and Multidimensional Health Profile-Psychological (coping and depression subscales). Bivariate correlations and mediation analyses, per Hayes (2013), were conducted, covarying age, sex, and ethnicity. At the bivariate level, all variables were significantly (pt=-2.6289, SE=.3389, pt=-1.4125, SE=.3124, p=.159, CI [-1.0579, .1755]), indicating mediation. Coping was also a significant mediator of the relation between self-discontinuity and depressive symptoms; the total effect was significant (t=5.15, SE=.3098, p=.000, CI [.9849, 2.208]), and the direct effect reduced in significance when coping was added to the model (t=3.5539, SE=.2997, p In our sample of persons with or recovering from cancer, self-continuity was associated with better coping and, in turn, to fewer depressive symptoms. Conversely, self-discontinuity was linked to poorer coping and consequent depression. To stabilize temporal self-perception, intervention strategies such as cognitive defusion (e.g., “leaves on a stream” mindfulness) or distress tolerance skills (e.g., sensory grounding) may promote acceptance of uncontrollable situations or inner experiences that threaten self-concept. Encouraging self-continuity (e.g., via nostalgia journaling) and adaptive coping (e.g., problem solving, relaxation may have beneficial effects on mental health throughout the diagnosis, treatment and survivorship phases of the cancer experience.

Thesis advisor: John Sallis / Henri Bergson’s interpretation of Aristotle has not been adequately considered in scholarship. Bergson was greatly inspired by Aristotle’s method and discoveries in psychology and metaphysics, but Bergson also accused Aristotle of having reduced philosophy to an analysis of language. Beneath the apparent rigid formalism of Aristotelian logic, he had in fact described life in a dynamic and qualitatively rich way that is consonant with Bergson’s “qualitative multiplicity.” I show the commonalities between their philosophies and suggest ways of interpreting Aristotle from a Bergsonian perspective. In tracking all Bergson’s discussions of Aristotle—some very critical and reductive; others quite favorable and generous—it becomes evident that Aristotle’s dynamic sense of being describes qualitative multiplicity. This becomes clear when we examine the interrelated problems of movement, force, life, intuition, the soul, embodiment, time, ethics, and art. The theory of dynamics, or the dynamic sense of being, is the underlying thread which weaves these topics together in both Aristotelianism and Bergsonism. This dissertation demonstrates how effort and energy, constituting a hylomorphic unity of experience, provides phenomenological evidence grounding the theory of dynamics. The work of Bergson’s mentor, Félix Ravaisson, is decisive in this historical reconstruction. Ravaisson’s dynamic interpretation highlights Aristotle’s own critiques of logical formalism and presents an intuitive knowledge of life which is inexpressible in language. Bergson clearly borrows insights from Ravaisson’s interpretation but also discredits the validity of them. The burgeoning field of phenomenological interpretations of Aristotle contribute to the dynamic interpretation. I use this scholarship to refute aspects of Bergson’s logical interpretation. In sum, I show that Aristotle’s theory of dynamics is the central paradigm for his whole philosophy, tying together his physics, biology, psychology, epistemology, aesthetics and ethics. Bergson built further upon dynamics, evolving it endogenously, in order to create his qualitative multiplicity, flowing of duration, and élan vital. After critiquing the logical interpretations of Aristotle for their reliance on a metaphysics of presence, it becomes clear Aristotle had already described intensity, continuity, sympathy, and developmental progression as qualitative multiplicity, along the lines of Bergson. Key Words: Dynamism, Continuity, Virtual, Intensity, Development, Analogy, Integral, Concrete, Presence, Time, Energeia, Entelecheia, Movement, Invention, Intuition, Derivation, Habit, Intelligence, Indivisibility, Number, Qualitative, Multiplicity, Auto Affection, Phenomena, Aesthetics, Life. / Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2021. / Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences. / Discipline: Philosophy.

This study examined pre- and post-implementation of a same-day post-detoxification residential admission policy within a Veteran Health Administration (VHA) facility to determine improved outcomes consistent with the larger literature. A single facility sample of participants who received detoxification from alcohol pre- and post-policy change was identified utilizing administrative and health record data. Chi-square testing and independent samples T-testing evaluated changes between a 2018 pre-policy cohort and a 2019 post-policy cohort. Policy implementation of same-day admissions to residential treatment after detoxification resulted in statistically significant change in instances of waiting, wait times for participants who waited, no-show, and readmissions during the six months following inpatient discharge. Mortality, cancellation rates, and discharge type did not differ significantly. These findings further support previous research that outlines the relationship between efficient post-detoxification continuity of care and increased positive outcomes.

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