This research investigates the effect of pedestrian countdown signals (PCS devices) on crossing walking speed of pedestrians at urban signalized intersections. The research considers two age groups: (1) younger pedestrians (ages 20 to 64); and (2) older pedestrians (ages 65 and older). Two pedestrian walking speeds were used for this research: (1) crossing walking speed (speed pedestrians walk crossing a signalized intersection); and (2) normal walking speed (speed pedestrians walk a segment of sidewalk). The research found that PCS devices have an effect on a pedestrians’ crossing walking speed, regardless of age, by decreasing the speed. Older pedestrians alter their walking speed after the installation of PCS devices more than younger pedestrians. Furthermore, after the installation of PCS devices the walking speed of pedestrians shifts from a faster crossing walking speed towards a slower normal walking speed.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2008. / Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 94-97). Also available online in Scholars' Bank; and in ProQuest, free to University of Oregon users.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Illinois State University, 1998. / Title from title page screen, viewed July 5, 2006. Dissertation Committee: David F. Weber (chair), Marjorie A. Jones, Anthony Otsuka, Derek McCracken, Radheshyam Jayaswal. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 85-91) and abstract. Also available in print.

xiii, 122 p. A print copy of this thesis is available through the UO Libraries. Search the library catalog for the location and call number. / Currently the information on attention-balance control interactions following concussion is incomplete and not given particular consideration during clinical examinations of concussion. The purposes of this dissertation were to (1) test different gait paradigms for their sensitivity of identifying concussion symptoms and to (2) test how individual components of attention interact with gait performance. The long-term goal of this study is to establish more functional and succinct protocols for return-to-play decisions. Grade II (AAN guidelines) concussed individuals were recruited to participate in testing at 2, 6, 14, and 28 days post-injury. Gait and components of attention were analyzed during each session through a number of different paradigms. Control subjects were matched by stature, age, and athletic participation. The results indicate that the dynamic balance deficits following a concussion are immediately identified with an attention dividing gait task. Obstacle crossing identified more conservative adaptations 2 weeks after injury. A task combining the two did not clearly identify concussion deficits. Two components of attention showed promise as interacting with gait to cause balance deficits. The spatial orientation component showed an interaction with obstacle avoidance indicating that the same concussed individuals that had poor spatial orientation of attention also came closer to hitting the obstacle during crossings. An analysis of divided attention showed that concussed individuals performing poorly in one task also performed poorly in the other during a dual-task paradigm, but during any one particular trial there was a trade-off between task performances, which was not present in control individuals. The findings of this dissertation point to the use of a divided attention task to distinguish concussed individuals from healthy individuals immediately after a possible injurious event. How several different components of attention interact with gait performance is identified. Finally, if a concussion has occurred, an obstacle crossing task might be suitable for a long-term analysis of full recovery of balance control. Ultimately, it is my hope that the information provided here will lead to functionally relevant and clinically executable tests of concussed individuals before they are placed in harm's way due purely to an incomplete diagnosis of their injuries. / Adviser: Li-Shan Chou

O presente trabalho visa estabelecer uma reflexão sobre o conto e mais propriamente sobre a linguagem como aquilo que propicia e concede ao homem a sua essência. Para isto, tem como proposta estabelecer uma leitura do livro Grande sertão: veredas, de Guimarães Rosa, à luz de alguns versos de Fernando Pessoa, especialmente um verso do heterônimo Ricardo Reis: somos contos contando contos, nada. Nesta esteira, o presente estudo procura estebelecer afinidades eletivas entre os textos pela via do tema proposto. Neste sentido, considera-se que Fernando Pessoa fez da sua vida uma grande obra literária, sendo ele próprio um conto a contar contos, sendo a experiência heteronímica a evidência do poder de criação da língua vivenciado pelo escritor. Considera-se também que a obra Grande sertão: veredas de Guimarães Rosa pode ser lida como um grande conto, tendo por base uma declaração feita pelo próprio autor em entrevista. Desta forma, o presente trabalho procura desenvolver o gesto de contar como a forma como o homem torna o mundo habitável, abordável, e também como a prova de sua própria existência, sendo o gesto de colocar as palavras a caminho a forma de realizar a travessia da vida através das palavras / This study aims to provide a reflection on the tale and more specifically on language as that which propitiate man and his essence. For this, is proposing to establish a reading of the book Grande Sertão: veredas, from Guimarães Rosa , in the light of some verses of Fernando Pessoa, especially a verse from heteronym Ricardo Reis: "We are telling tales tales, nothing." On this track, the present study seeks establish elective affinities between texts by the proposed theme. In this sense, it is considered that Fernando Pessoa made your life a great literary work, being himself a tale that tell tales, the heteronyms are an evidence of the power of language creation experienced by the writer. It is also considered that the work Grande sertão: veredas, from Guimarães Rosa, can be read as a great tale, based on a statement made by the author in an interview. Thus , this paper seeks to develop the gesture of telling as to how the man makes the world affordable, as well as proof of his own existence , and the gesture of putting the words on the way how to make the crossing of life through words

En este trabajo consideramos el modelo clásico de diseño de mecanismos, con un principal que debe tomar una decisión o determinar la asignación de un bien, y agentes que poseen información privada que es relevante para el principal. Para utilizar de manera ´optima la información de los agentes, el principal diseña un menú de contratos, donde cada uno especifica la decisión que tomará el principal y las transferencias que se le darán al agente. Dado este menú, cada agente elige el contrato que más le favorece. El objetivo del principal es diseñar un menú de contratos que maximice su utilidad, que puede coincidir o no con el bienestar social. Existe una amplia literatura que considera este problema, sin embargo la mayor parte de ´esta toma como suposición fundamental que las preferencias de los agentes satisfacen la propiedad de cruce único (S.C.P. por sus siglas en ingles). Esta propiedad garantiza que la valoración marginal de los agentes por el bien en cuestión cambia monótonamente con su información privada. Para el principal esto simplifica significativamente el diseño del menú ´optimo, ya que garantiza que el problema de maximización que enfrentan los agentes, al elegir el contrato que más les favorece, es cóncavo. Como los agentes enfrentan un problema cóncavo, el principal, al diseñar el menú de contratos, sólo debe preocuparse localmente de la condición de primer y segundo orden de los agentes. En esta tesis consideramos el caso en que las preferencias de los agentes no satisfacen S.C.P. Desde un punto de vista técnico, al relajar este supuesto, se pierde la monotonicidad en las preferencias de los agentes. Esto hace que para el principal no sea suficiente analizar las condiciones de primer y segundo orden de los agentes, y deba analizar su decisión global. Por esto, el problema de maximización para el principal es mucho mas complejo de analizar ya que no basta con maximizar localmente los contratos para cada agente, si no que se debe considerar los efectos globales de cada contrato. En esta tesis, se introduce la condición de “doble cruce”, que es un supuesto más débil que S.C.P. Así, se encuentran condiciones necesarias para que un mecanismo sea implementable y también condición necesarias para la optimalidad de ´este. Estas condiciones son interpretadas desde un punto de vista económico, lo que permite extender las intuiciones a una generalidad de problemas en que no se cumple S.C.P. y entender las limitaciones que impone este supuesto. Por otro lado, ocupando las condiciones necesarias, encontramos un nuevo método para solucionar y encontrar contratos óptimos en el modelo que estudiamos. Este método permite transformar un problema de dimensión infinita en un problema bidimensional que es posible solucionar. Ejemplificamos el método propuesto resolviendo dos ejemplos. La primera situación consiste en encontrar la forma óptima de arrendar una tecnología que queda obsoleta en el tiempo a una tasa desconocida para el principal. La segunda es como regular la tecnología que usa un monopolio que produce externalidades negativas, donde la eficiencia para implementar distintas tecnologías es información privada.

Submitted by Raul Felipe Appis (raul_appis_2010@hotmail.com) on 2018-03-12T17:34:28Z No. of bitstreams: 1 textodissertacaoRAUL.pdf: 1347871 bytes, checksum: fed2ed8a808775f7df369369cac75556 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Elza Mitiko Sato null (elzasato@ibilce.unesp.br) on 2018-03-13T18:24:11Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 appis_rf_me_sjrp.pdf: 1347871 bytes, checksum: fed2ed8a808775f7df369369cac75556 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-13T18:24:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 appis_rf_me_sjrp.pdf: 1347871 bytes, checksum: fed2ed8a808775f7df369369cac75556 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-03-02 / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / Neste trabalho, nosso principal objetivo é estudar a existência e estabilidade de ciclos limite de costura em sistemas lineares planares de Filippov descontínuos obtidos pela agregação de dois sistemas lineares planares do tipo foco, e tendo apenas um ponto de equilíbrio. Ao usar uma forma normal adequada com cinco parâmetros, é realizado um estudo completo de algumas aplicações de Poincaré. São encontradas diferentes bifurcações que são responsáveis pelo aparecimento de ciclos limite de costura e regiões abertas no espaço de parâmetros com nenhum, um, dois e três ciclos limite de costura. / In this work our main aim is to study the existence and stability of crossing limit cycles in planar linear systems of discontinuous Filippov obtained by the aggregation of two planar linear systems of focus type, and having only one equilibrium point is considered. By using an adequate normal form with five parameters, a thorough study of some Poincar´e maps is performed. Different bifurcations which are responsible for the appearance of crossing limit cycles are detected and open regions in the parameters space with none, one, two and three crossing limit cycles are found. / 2015/24803-0

O presente trabalho visa estabelecer uma reflexão sobre o conto e mais propriamente sobre a linguagem como aquilo que propicia e concede ao homem a sua essência. Para isto, tem como proposta estabelecer uma leitura do livro Grande sertão: veredas, de Guimarães Rosa, à luz de alguns versos de Fernando Pessoa, especialmente um verso do heterônimo Ricardo Reis: somos contos contando contos, nada. Nesta esteira, o presente estudo procura estebelecer afinidades eletivas entre os textos pela via do tema proposto. Neste sentido, considera-se que Fernando Pessoa fez da sua vida uma grande obra literária, sendo ele próprio um conto a contar contos, sendo a experiência heteronímica a evidência do poder de criação da língua vivenciado pelo escritor. Considera-se também que a obra Grande sertão: veredas de Guimarães Rosa pode ser lida como um grande conto, tendo por base uma declaração feita pelo próprio autor em entrevista. Desta forma, o presente trabalho procura desenvolver o gesto de contar como a forma como o homem torna o mundo habitável, abordável, e também como a prova de sua própria existência, sendo o gesto de colocar as palavras a caminho a forma de realizar a travessia da vida através das palavras / This study aims to provide a reflection on the tale and more specifically on language as that which propitiate man and his essence. For this, is proposing to establish a reading of the book Grande Sertão: veredas, from Guimarães Rosa , in the light of some verses of Fernando Pessoa, especially a verse from heteronym Ricardo Reis: "We are telling tales tales, nothing." On this track, the present study seeks establish elective affinities between texts by the proposed theme. In this sense, it is considered that Fernando Pessoa made your life a great literary work, being himself a tale that tell tales, the heteronyms are an evidence of the power of language creation experienced by the writer. It is also considered that the work Grande sertão: veredas, from Guimarães Rosa, can be read as a great tale, based on a statement made by the author in an interview. Thus , this paper seeks to develop the gesture of telling as to how the man makes the world affordable, as well as proof of his own existence , and the gesture of putting the words on the way how to make the crossing of life through words

Este texto é resultado da pesquisa de campo realizada com imigrantes bolivianos em São Paulo. Relata também a experiência como imigrante do próprio autor, assim como analisa os registros imagéticos da imigração africana na Europa. Tem por objetivo reunir argumentos para defender a tese de que a educação é movimento, travessia. Semelhante transitoriedade fundamental da educação quando é tolhida, no sedentarismo torna árida, senão impossível a experiência pedagógica, pois a nega em sua dimensão dinâmica e movente. Nesse sentido, pretendo demonstrar, através de uma descrição densa, que a substância e o caráter da atividade pedagógica assenta-se mais na vacuidade, no eterno, na atopia e na utopia, como assinala Gaston Bachelard. / This text analyses some conceptions that constitute a basis for defending the education as movement. Presents a field research about a manifestation of Bolivians, Brazilians, Africans immigrants in Europe and Brazil. Which basis transitorily education when renegade, we argue that the education can not be viewed as education, since it takes an urban and bodily perspective to establish a peculiar kind of atopic and utopian space. We use as references the ideas of the philosopher Gaston Bachelard.

Roadways are a pervasive feature of northeastern landscapes and can be a significant source of mortality for turtles. Until recently, little has been known about the design requirements for successful under-road passages for turtles and other wildlife to move safely between bisected habitat patches. At outdoor laboratories, using a factorial experimental design, we examined movements in response to varying light levels, and barrier opacity for painted turtles (Chrysemys picta, n=833), Blanding’s turtles (Emydoidea blandingii, n=49), and spotted turtles (Clemmys guttata, n=49). Additionally, we examined tunnel size, tunnel entrance design, and artificial lighting for painted turtles only. All three species responded poorly to a 0% available light treatment. As the amount of natural light transmitted through the tops of tunnels increased, successful completion of the trials increased. Furthermore, turtles generally moved at a slower rate when traveling along a translucent barrier, compared to an opaque one. Our results indicate the importance of designing road passage structures for freshwater turtles that provide adequate tunnel lighting in combination with specific entrance designs that meet the goals of the project.