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Patrullerande poliser i Malmö har en varierande och oförutsägbar arbetsmiljö. När de kommer till händelser där de är osäkra på hur de ska agera kan de konsultera tryckt metodstödsmaterial. Dessa tryckta handböcker är ofta utdaterade och icke-standardiserade.Tillsammans med Polisen i Malmö har vi tagit fram ett förslag till hur en digital version av denna typ av material kan se ut, med förslag kring gränssnitt och informationsrepresentation, och en diskussion kring vilka potentiella konsekvenser ett mediebyte kan få för poliserna ute på fältet.För att ta fram dessa designförslag använde vi oss av ett antal interaktionsdesignmetoder. Dessa utvärderar och diskuterar vi, utifrån hur väl de fungerar inom en myndighet som Polisen, i kontexten patrullerande poliser i Malmö. / Patrolling officers in Malmö have a varied and unpredictable working environment. When they encounter situations within which they are not certain how to take action, they have printed material with support information. This type of handbook is often outdated and non-standardized. Together with the Malmö Police, we sketch a proposal for how a digital version of this kind of material could be designed, with suggestions for interface design and information representation, as well as outline what the potential consequences could be for the individual officer on the field.While outlining these design suggestions, we utilized a number of different interaction design methods. These are evaluated and discussed as to how well they work within a governmental organization like the Police in Malmö, within the context of patrolling officers.

During an earthquake, columns in a one-story building must support vertical gravity loads while undergoing large lateral drifts associated with deflections of the vertical seismic force resisting system and deflections of the flexible roof diaphragm. Analyzing the behavior of these gravity columns is complex since not only is there an interaction between compression and bending, but also the boundary conditions are not perfectly pinned or fixed. In this research, the behavior of steel columns that are square hollow structural sections (HSS) is investigated for stability using three design methods: elastic design, plastic hinge design, and pinned base design. First, for elastic design, the compression and flexural strength of the HSS columns are calculated according to the AISC specifications, and the story drift ratio that causes the interaction equation to be violated for varying axial force demands is examined. Then, a simplified design procedure is proposed; this procedure includes a modified interaction equation applicable to HSS column design based on a parameter, Pnh/Mn, and a set of design charts are provided. Second, a plastic hinge design is grounded in the concept that a stable plastic hinge makes the column continue to resist the gravity load while undergoing large drifts. Based on the available test data and the analytical results from finite element models, three limits on the width to thickness ratios are developed for steel square HSS columns. Lastly, for pinned base design, the detailing of a column base connection is schematically described. Using FE modeling, it is shown that it is possible to create rotational stiffness below a limit such that negligible moment develops at the column base. All the design methods are demonstrated with a design example / Master of Science / One-story buildings are one of the most economical types of structures built for industrial, commercial, or recreational use. During an earthquake, columns in a one-story building must support vertical gravity loads while undergoing large lateral displacements, referred to as story drift. Vertical loads cause compression forces, and lateral drifts produce bending moments. The interaction between these forces makes it more complex to analyze the behavior of these gravity columns. Moreover, since the column base is not perfectly fixed to the ground, there are many boundary conditions applicable to the column base depending on the fixity condition. For these reasons, the design for columns subjected to lateral drifts while supporting axial compressive forces has been a growing interest of researchers in the field. However, many researchers have focused more on wide-flange section (I-shape) steel columns rather than on tube section columns, known as hollow structural section (HSS) steel columns. In this research, the behavior of steel square tube section columns is investigated for stability using three design methods: elastic design, plastic hinge design, and pinned base design. First, for elastic design, the compression and flexural strength of the HSS columns are calculated according to current code equations, and the story drift that causes failure for varying axial force demands is examined. Then, a simplified design procedure is proposed including design charts. Second, a plastic hinge design is grounded in the concept that controlled yielding at the column base makes the column continue to resist the gravity load while undergoing large drifts. Based on the available test data and results from computational models, three limits on the width to thickness ratios of the tubes are developed. Lastly, for pinned base design, concepts for detailing a column base connection with negligible bending resistance is schematically described. Using a computational model, it is shown that the column base can be detailed to be sufficiently flexible to allow rotation. All the design methods are demonstrated with a design example.

Geosynthetic Reinforced Soil (GRS) is a promising technology that can be implemented in walls, culverts, rock fall barriers, and bridge abutments. Its use in walls and abutments is similar to Mechanically Stabilized Earth Walls (MSEW) reinforced with geosynthetics. Both GRS and MSEW are reinforced soil technologies that use reinforcement to provide tensile capacity within soil masses. However, the soil theories behind each method and the design methodologies associated with GRS and MSEW technologies are quite different. Therefore, a study was undertaken to compare the required tensile strength predicted by these various reinforced soil design methodologies. For the purposes of this study, the required ultimate tensile strength was defined as the ultimate tensile strength needed in the reinforcement after all applicable factors of safety, load factors, and reduction factors were applied. The investigation explored both MSEW and GRS. GRS has been made an FHWA "Every Day Counts" initiative. Due to the push to implement GRS technology, it is critical to understand how GRS design methods differs from classic MSEW design methods, specifically in the prediction of ultimate tensile strength required. A parametric study was performed comparing five different reinforced soil analysis methods. Two are current MSEW design methods and one was a proposed revision to an existing MSEW design method. The final two were GRS design methods. These design methods are among the most current and/or widely used design references in the United States regarding reinforced soil technology. There are significant differences between the methods in the governing soil theory particularly between GRS and MSEW design methods. The goal of the study was to understand which design parameters had the most influence on calculated values of the required ultimate tensile strength and nominal "unfactored" tensile strength. A base case was established and a reasonable set of parameter variations was determined. Two loading conditions were imposed, a roadway loading scenario and a bridge loading scenario. Based on parametric study findings, conclusions were drawn about which design parameters had the most influence for different design methods. Additionally, the difference in overall predicted required tensile strength was assessed between the various methods. Finally, the underlying soil theory and assumptions employed by the different methods and their influence on predicted required tensile strength values was interpreted. / Master of Science

Yes / For composite beams with low degrees of shear connection, additional deflections occur due to slip in the shear connectors, which can be significant for beams with low degrees of shear connection. A design formula is presented for the effective stiffness of composite beams taking account of the stiffness of the shear connectors, which is compared to measured deflections of 6 symmetric beams and an 11m span composite beam of asymmetric profile. It is shown that the comparison is good when using a shear connector stiffness of 70 kN/mm for single shear connectors and 100 kN/mm for pairs of shear connectors per deck rib. Results of push tests on a range of deck profiles confirm these initial elastic stiffnesses. To ensure that the slip at the serviceability limit state does not lead to permanent deformations of the beam, it is proposed that the minimum degree of shear connection should not fall below 30% for un-propped beams and 40% for propped beams of symmetric cross-section. / European Commission

Public housing provides affordable housing for low-income families. However, the physical and social conditions have deteriorated since its inception, resulting in housing environments that are isolated and disconnected from surrounding neighborhoods and often plagued by crime and violence. This study explores opportunities for enhancing residents' sense of ownership, control, and efficacy through the redesign of outdoor spaces at the Fulton public housing development in Richmond, VA. Residents participated in a design process that produced a Conceptual Landscape Master Plan based on their preferences, and a set of guidelines and recommendations for the implementation and maintenance of the proposed external spaces of the Master Plan. The study presents design objectives and criteria addressing public-private spatial delineations, public space, pedestrian and vehicular circulation, development image, and safety considerations. These objectives and criteria were used to evaluate design options and to generate two design concepts from which the residents selected appropriate design solutions for their housing development. The study concludes with the presentation of a preferred Conceptual Landscape Master Plan. The plan presents a hierarchy of public-to-private spaces, clear delineations of semi-public and semi-private spaces, and the location of active and passive public recreational spaces. It also addresses the legibility of pedestrian and vehicular access, circulation, and parking, as well as safety issues such as natural surveillance, access control, and territoriality. The participatory process guided the redesign of the Fulton public housing site, and also provided an understanding of the underlying social conditions that significantly impact the residents and their use of space. The preferred landscape design reflects the residents' needs, concerns, and wishes, and creates opportunities to foster interaction and involvement among the residents and the surrounding communities. / Master of Landscape Architecture

Yes / The evaluation of impact of collaborative research on robust design methodologies and methods is important to both academic and industry stakeholders. This paper introduces a framework for impact evaluation which combines the broader framework adopted for the academic research impact assessment with the organisation viewpoint centred on business results, process improvement and product development teams capability improvement. A large scale empirical study conducted with evidence from technical reports on workplace projects from an automotive OEM proved the validity of the proposed framework.

SOCIAL INNOVATION AND DESIGN CHALLENGES:Introduction - Deficits and Potentials of digital pain assessment Pain assessment and pain mechanisms Challanges and deficits of digital pain assessment Design and development processes for medical software Development and utilistation of a flexible design framework Background Development of criteria for the framework Application of a flexible framework in the design process Result: Demonstrator for haptic-visual pain assessment Summary and discussion References / This paper offers a comprehensive new approach to design research in the field of digital health, by describing the development of a novel pain assessment tool based on the haptic-visual modelling of interactive graphics. The project is developed in cooperation between the Faculty of Art and Design of the Bauhaus-Universität Weimar and the Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine at Jena University Hospital. Methodologically, a series of action design research studies are carried out in which stakeholders (patients and health care professionals, HCPs) are involved. The distinctive approach of this project is the use of a framework, which guides the design process. In contrast to the definition of user requirements, which is common in the development of (medical) software products, this framework addresses the pain concept emerging in the use of the assessment tool as an ‹agentiality› of the design. In doing so, aspects of pain medicine are taken into account in shaping a certain agentiality. As a result, for the first time, a pain assessment tool is developed that does not adress pain in a positivist sense, but rather reflects the agentic properties of the tool in its use.:Introduction - Deficits and Potentials of digital pain assessment Pain assessment and pain mechanisms Challanges and deficits of digital pain assessment Design and development processes for medical software Development and utilistation of a flexible design framework Background Development of criteria for the framework Application of a flexible framework in the design process Result: Demonstrator for haptic-visual pain assessment Summary and discussion References

Stolar förhåller sig på ett mycket intimt sätt till våra kroppar och de kan även fungera som markörer i ett socialt maktspektrum. Gynekologstolen utvecklades under 1800-talet, den moderna medicinens glansdagar. Det var även en tid där kvinnor började begära större sociala och politiska rättigheter och det uppkom ett stort behov att biologiskt legitimera kvinnans underordning under mannen. Sedan dess har gynstolens strukturella utformning knappt förändrats. Den är en central symbol för den gynekologiska undersökningen och som jag kunde analysera i workshops och intervjuer kan den för patienter förknippas med känslor som utsatthet eller att ge upp bestämmelserätten över den egna kroppen. För vissa kvinnor är dessa känslor så starka att de skjuter upp kommande undersökningar eller undviker de helt. Som följd av det kan allvarliga sjukdomar förbli oupptäckta. I mitt kandidatarbete har jag undersökt patienters upplevelse av gynekologiska undersökningar idag och kopplat de till historiska erfarenheter. Huvudfokus av mitt arbete har som fysisk beröringspunkt varit gynekologstolen. Jag har vidare arbetat med formgivningen av en lounge chair som är lämpad för gynekologiska undersökningar. I framtagningen av stolen har jag valt att förhålla mig till design av sjukvårdsprodukter på ett icke-traditionellt sätt genom att lägga huvudfokus på patientupplevelsen. Genom detta har jag försökt att exemplifiera hur detta tillvägagångssätt i produktframtagning för vården kan leda till mer hållbara patientupplevelser. Mitt fokusområde har varit att förskjuta historiska maktförhållanden i gynekologin och att utveckla en stol för gynekologisk undersökning gemensamt med de som traditionellt inte har fått vara delaktiga i framtagningen av objekt som användes på deras kroppar: kvinnor. / <p>The full thesis contains copyrighted material which has been removed in the published version.</p>

High-speed craft are in high demand in the maritime industry, for example, in maintenance operations for offshore structures, for search and rescue, for patrolling operations, or as leisure craft to deliver speed and excitement. Design and operation of high-speed craft are often governed by the hydrodynamic phenomena of slamming, which occur when the craft impact the wave surface. Slamming loads affect the high-speed craft system; the crew, the structure and various sub-systems and limit the operation. To meet the ever-increasing demands on safety, economy and reduced environmental impact, there is a need to develop more efficient high-speed craft. This progression is however limited by the prevailing semi-empirical design methods for high-speed planing craft structures. These methods provide only a basic description of the involved physics, and their validity has been questioned. This thesis contributes to improving the conditions for designing efficient highspeed craft by focusing on two key topics: evaluation and development of the prevailing design methods for high-speed craft structures, and development towards structural design based on first principles modeling of the slamming process. In particular a methodological framework that enables detailed studies of the slamming phenomena using numerical simulations and experimental measurements is synthesized and evaluated. The methodological framework involves modeling of the wave environment, the craft hydromechanics and structural mechanics, and statistical characterization of the response processes. The framework forms the foundation for an extensive evaluation and development of the prevailing semi-empirical design methods for high-speed planing craft. Through the work presented in this thesis the framework is also shown to be a viable approach in the introduction of simulation-based design methods based on first principles modeling of the involved physics. Summarizing, the presented methods and results provide important steppingstones towards designing more efficient high-speed planing craft. / <p>QC 20160907</p>