abstract: Law enforcement, schools and universities, health service agencies, as well as social service agencies, each acquire information from individuals that receive their services. That information gets recorded into the respective application system of each organization. The information, however, gets recorded only in the context of each service rendered and within each system used to record it. Information that is recorded by the police department for one individual is entirely different from the information that is recorded by the hospital for that same individual. What if all the organizations used the same system to record information? What if all the organizations followed the same protocols to record information as well as access it? The goal of this research was to analyze a system that allows for all organizations within a community to share information with each other. Technically, this system is feasible. However, public opinion says sharing personal information is unethical, and Federal regulation says it is unlawful. To accomplish an information-sharing system of this type, both regulation and public opinion need to be addressed. / Dissertation/Thesis / M.S.Tech Technology 2012

A abordagem do tema mudanças climáticas por dois jornais diários e duas revistas semanais de informação em 2006 e 2007 e a percepção deste tema por formadores de opinião constituem o tema central deste trabalho. Uma pesquisa de campo foi realizada com assinantes dos jornais Folha de S. Paulo e O Estado de S. Paulo e das revistas Veja e Época, com jornalistas desses veículos e com cientistas da área de mudanças climáticas. Mostrou-se elevado o interesse do público pelos temas de ciência, em geral, e meio ambiente em particular. Nos periódicos analisados foram detectados conceitos incorretos do ponto de vista técnico e a cobertura voltou-se principalmente às pesquisas que mostravam impactos das mudanças climáticas. Segurança energética, outro fator fortemente relacionado à questão climática, orientou a pesquisa exploratória em busca de aferir a relação percebida pelo público entre mudanças climáticas e energia nuclear. Também pode ser traçado um paralelo entre o colapso ambiental e a catástrofe nuclear, presente no imaginário popular desde as explosões das bombas atômicas em Hiroshima e Nagasaki. Considerando o papel das ciências de modo geral, é imprescindível destacar que a melhor pesquisa não pode estar dissociada da comunicação eficiente e eficaz, capaz de mobilizar os cidadãos e sensibilizar tomadores de decisão. O diálogo entre cientistas e público, saberes tradicionalmente compartimentados, pode e deve ser praticado e a imprensa tem um papel fundamental neste processo. / The climate change approach by two daily newspapers and two weekly magazines in 2006 and 2007, and this theme perception by opinion-makers, constitute the major target of this work. A survey was conducted with subscribers to Folha de S. Paulo and O Estado de S. Paulo newspapers, Veja and Época magazines, with their journalists, as well as with climate change scientists. The survey showed that is equally high the public interest in general science subjects and in specific environmental themes. In the analyzed periodicals, some incorrect technical concepts were detected and the press coverage focused, mainly, on research into climate change impacts. Energy security, another factor strongly related to climate, was explored by the research to evaluate public view of a relation between climate change and nuclear energy. A parallel may be made between climate change and nuclear catastrophe, present in the popular imaginary, since the atomic bomb explosions in Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Considering the science role in general, it is essential to highlight the fact that the state of the art research should not be dissociated from efficient and effective communication, able to mobilize citizens and touch decision-makers. Although the dialogue between scientists and the public was considered, traditionally, as related to separated fields of awareness, it may be achieved and the media has a fundamental role in this process.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T12:32:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T14:10:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 02677.pdf: 9140432 bytes, checksum: f0be409c61becbad410d2fbe09c0d35b (MD5) / Dissertacao (Mestrado) / IPEN/D / Escola de Comunicacoes e Artes - ECA/USP

In this work, we provide a qualitative comparison between existing geocast protocols and then we present an efficient geocast routing protocol for VANET. This protocol is a semantic and self-decision geocast routing protocol for disseminating safety and non-safety information over VANET (SAS-GP). SAS-PG initially executes an algorithm to locally determine the semantic geocast area. Then, the protocol disseminates the information in three phases: Spread, Preserve, and Assurance, which utilize the traffic information system and the digital map. SAS-GP principally employs timer-based techniques in order to avoid overhead and broadcast storm problems; nonetheless, novel factors are enhanced to calculate the timer’s values in each phase. Simulation results demonstrate effective and reliable dissemination in terms of delivery ratio and number of false warnings compared to existing protocols when evaluated in high scale and realistic scenarios. Also, SAS-GP performs faster in notifying vehicles resulting in a higher geocast distance before approaching the location of the event.

The popularity of the Internet and cellular networks in recent years has led to widespread use of these networks for data dissemination. Advancements in wireless communications networks like Long Term Evolution (LTE) and 5G networks indicate a trend towards higher speed mobile networks accessed by users with increasingly sophisticated mobile devices. These advancements do not include the means for users to leverage increased wireless network transmission rates by disseminating heterogeneous data. The ability to share heterogeneous data entirely through mobile networks illustrates a communications methodology where end users determine what data will be shared with no limitations based on content. Advances in this domain have introduced many aspects of this methodology on a global scale but have not addressed how heterogeneous data can be defined and distributed by end users. This thesis proposes a communications architecture for the dissemination of heterogeneous data in real-time. The implementation of this communications architecture is based on the IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) and proposes modifications to the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) to permit the distribution of heterogeneous data through synchronous and asynchronous data transmission. A communications protocol is introduced defining a broker, data consumers, data producers and a message format. Algorithms for session management and packet processing are provided in an embedded system called the Reconfigurable Multimedia Collaborative System (RMCS). Results for the communications architecture demonstrate the successful generation and transmission of heterogeneous data in real-time using the proposed modifications to SIP. The successful operation of packet generation algorithms and related functions in hardware is also provided to demonstrate the means through which this architecture could be provided through hardware for optimal performance and to facilitate its implementation into mobile devices.

Video dissemination over Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) is an attractive technology which supports many novel applications. Hence, the merit of this thesis has twofold. Firstly, we evaluate and compare three routing techniques and two error resilience techniques. We select a sender-based routing technique called SUV and compare it with the other two selected receiver-based routing techniques named REACT-DIS and CDS. The results, more specifically, show that the receiver-based solutions outperform the sender-based solution. In addition, only CDS method fulfils the general quality requirements as it is the best that reduces redundancy packets and covers the whole topology. The results also indicate that the video coding scheme, Interleaving, can fix the multiple consecutive packet losses and guarantee reliable video qualities over VANETs. Network Coding, however, fails to provide satisfactory video quality for urban scenarios. This study next combines the selected receiver based routing techniques and the two error resilience techniques. We find the best combination is Interleaving over CDS. Secondly, we design a quality guaranteed video dissemination protocol for urban VANETs scenarios. Based on our comparison result, our protocol selects the CDS and Interleaving as the routing and error resilient techniques. To fix the single packet loses caused by the topology’s intermittent disconnection and collisions, we propose a store-carry-broadcast scheme for the nodes to re-transmit the local buffer saved packets. The results, when compared to the selected techniques and combinations, show that our proposed protocol is the most efficient one in terms of packet delivery, delay, overhead and video quality.

Orientador: Maria José Pereira Monteiro de Almeida / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-24T03:56:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Oliveira_JoseMarciodeLima_M.pdf: 2058314 bytes, checksum: 74b7fab4297d5e96c1c1b2efa36a5029 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Resumo: Este trabalho tem como objetivo compreender interpretações de alunos do ensino médio, feitas a partir de textos de divulgação científica sobre nanociência e nanotecnologia - N&N - em aulas de física, verificando alguns limites e possibilidades dessas leituras, com foco na questão de estudo levantada: Como alunos do ensino médio produzem significados ao ler textos de divulgação científica relacionados à nanociência e à nanotecnologia? Para atingir o objetivo inicialmente proposto e responder à questão de estudo, foi elaborada uma unidade de ensino composta por quatro textos que abordam o conjunto N&N ¿ um introdutório e três que tratam o tema de forma controversa. Essa unidade foi aplicada no primeiro bimestre letivo de 2013 entre alunos do 3º ano do ensino médio de uma escola pública da região de Campinas - SP, durante cinco aulas de física, em que os textos foram lidos pelos estudantes e discutidos a partir de ações de mediação. As respostas dos alunos dadas a oito questões propostas em três atividades escritas foram analisadas com a utilização de aportes da análise do discurso, na vertente iniciada por Michel Pêcheux na França, principalmente a partir de textos de Eni P. Orlandi. De acordo com essa vertente teórica, são consideradas relevantes as condições em que o discurso é produzido e a linguagem não é considerada como transparente, do que deriva o discurso como efeito de sentidos entre interlocutores. O conteúdo das respostas variou em relação ao que os alunos conheciam sobre a notecnologia, o que permitiu categorizá-las. A análise das respostas revela que a abordagem da física moderna e contemporânea, através da divulgação científica, possibilitou que os estudantes tomassem posicionamentos que seriam dificultados numa aula de física pautada, em sua grande parte, na linguagem matemática. O desenvolvimento da pesquisa e os resultados obtidos permitem compreender melhor o processo complexo de produção de sentidos numa aula de física, em que diferentes leitores e condições amplas estão presentes / Abstract: This work aims to understand interpretations made by high school students based on scientific dissemination texts related to nanoscience and nanotechnology - N&N - in Physics classes, examining some limits and possibilities of these readings, focused on the study question raised: How do high school students produce significations reading scientific dissemination texts related to nanoscience and nanotechnology? To achieve the goal initially proposed and answer the study question, was created an unity of study that comprises four texts that approach the set of N&N - one is introductory and three of them discourse about N&N in a controversial way. The unity of study was placed in the first two months of the school year 2013, among students of the 3rd year of high school in a public school in the region of Campinas - SP, in five Physics classes, in which the texts were read and discussed by students from mediation actions. The responses gave by students to eight questions in three writing activities were analyzed using the contributions of discourse analysis, in a field of study initiated by Michel Pêcheux in France, especially from texts of Eni P. Orlandi. According to this Theory, are significant the conditions in which the discourse is produced and the language is not considered transparent, from which results the discourse as a production of significations among interlocutors. The content of the responses varied in relation to what the students knew about nanotecnology, what allowed categorized them. The analysis of the responses show that the approach of modern and contemporary Physics, through the scientific dissemination, enabled the students to take position that would be difficult in a Physics class based on the mathematical language in a major way. The research development and its results allow us to understand better the complex process of production of significations in a Physics class, in which different readers and broad conditions are present / Mestrado / Ensino de Ciencias e Matematica / Mestre em Multiunidades em Ensino de Ciências e Matemática

Os mecanismos responsáveis pelas manifestações hemorrágicas durante a leptospirose severa ainda são pouco compreendidos. Este trabalho avaliou os efeitos diretos e indiretos das leptospiras sobre moléculas do sistema de coagulação. Foi verificado que leptospiras virulentas são eficientes em bloquear a atividade da enzima trombina por meio do sequestro de seu sítio de ligação ao substrato, gerando uma menor formação do coágulo de fibrina, acarretando em sangramento e consequente disseminação do patógeno para outros sítios de infecção. Foi mostrado também que a inflamação causada pela resposta imune contra as bactérias causa uma ativação da coagulação, muito provavelmente via expressão de Fator Tissular, o que ocasiona um consumo e consequente esgotamento dos fatores e inibidores de coagulação, culminando em hemorragia e formação de trombos, os quais podem levar à falência de órgãos. Estes resultados melhoram o entendimento da patogênese da leptospirose e podem favorecer o desenvolvimento de terapias para as manifestações hemorrágicas. / The mechanisms responsible for the hemorrhagic manifestations during severe leptospirosis are still poorly understood. This work evaluated the direct and indirect effects of leptospires upon molecules of the coagulation system. It has been shown that virulent leptospires are effective in blocking the activity of the enzyme thrombin by sequestration of its substrate binding site, generating less fibrin clot formation, leading to bleeding and consequent dissemination of the pathogen to other sites of infection. It has also been shown that the inflammation caused by the immune response against the bacteria causes an activation of the coagulation, most probably via expression of Tissue Factor, which causes a consumption and consequent depletion of coagulation factors and inhibitors, culminating in hemorrhage and thrombus formation, which can lead to organ failure. These results improve the understanding of the pathogenesis of leptospirosis and may favor the development of therapies for hemorrhagic manifestations.

The intention of the study was to find the preferred medium of communication and the preferred language for the dissemination of Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS) information among the unskilled employees of Kumba Iron Ore mining company, with an assumption that disseminating of appropriate information can influence positive behaviour change with respect to the HIV/AIDS disease. In this study company and clinic workshops came up as the most preferred media for receiving HIV/AIDS information and English came up as the most preferred language for all the media types except radio where Tswana-Sotho came up as the most preferred language. It also came up clearly in the findings that most women do not like to discuss HIV/AIDS issues with friends or relatives / Dissertation (MIT)--University of Pretoria, 2012. / Information Science / Unrestricted

No description available.