Delivering the right information to the user is fundamental in information retrieval system. Many traditional information retrieval models assume word independence and view a document as bag-of-words, however getting the right information requires a deep understanding of the content of the document and the relationships that exist between words in the text. This study focuses on developing two new document ranking techniques, which are based on a lexical cohesive relationship of collocation. Collocation relationship is a semantic relationship that exists between words that co-occur in the same lexical environment. Two types of collocation relationship have been considered; collocation in the same grammatical structure (such as a sentence), and collocation in the same semantic structure where query terms occur in different sentences but they co-occur with the same words. In the first technique, we only considered the first type of collocation to calculate the document score; where the positional frequency of query terms co-occurrence have been used to identify collocation relationship between query terms and calculating query term’s weight. In the second technique, both types of collocation have been considered; where the co-occurrence frequency distribution within a predefined window has been used to determine query terms collocations and computing query term’s weight. Evaluation of the proposed techniques show performance gain in some of the collocations over the chosen baseline runs.

The creation of an Enterprise Search system involves many challenges that are not present in Web search. Searching a corporate collection is influenced both by the structure of the data present in the collection and by the policies of the corporation. These structures and policies may differ from corporation to corporation, and from collection to collection. In particular, an Enterprise Search system must take a document's genre into account. Examples of document genre within a corporate collection might include FAQs, white papers, technical reports, memos, emails and chat messages. Depending on an individual's current work task, it might be appropriate to give one genre a greater weight than another during the processing of a search request. Moreover, this weighting may change as the individual's work task changes. The work presented in this thesis adapts the Okapi BM25 scoring function to weight term frequency based on the relevance of a document genre to a work task. The method utilizes two user-provided resources, relevance judgments and clickthrough data, to estimate a realistic weight for each task-genre relationship. Using this approach, the method matches the purpose of each user search request with the purpose of each document. Therefore, the proper documents are returned to the user and her/his need can be fulfilled. The method has been incorporated into a prototype search engine, X-site, currently deployed on a corporate intranet. X-Site is a contextual search engine that uses the relationships between work tasks and document genres to improve search precision for software engineers. The system provides a customized and user-controlled means of refining search results to suit the task context of a user. Through X-Site, each employee can make a single search request and has access to documents from the Internet, a corporate intranet, and Lotus Notes databases.

Delivering the right information to the user is fundamental in information retrieval system. Many traditional information retrieval models assume word independence and view a document as bag-of-words, however getting the right information requires a deep understanding of the content of the document and the relationships that exist between words in the text. This study focuses on developing two new document ranking techniques, which are based on a lexical cohesive relationship of collocation. Collocation relationship is a semantic relationship that exists between words that co-occur in the same lexical environment. Two types of collocation relationship have been considered; collocation in the same grammatical structure (such as a sentence), and collocation in the same semantic structure where query terms occur in different sentences but they co-occur with the same words. In the first technique, we only considered the first type of collocation to calculate the document score; where the positional frequency of query terms co-occurrence have been used to identify collocation relationship between query terms and calculating query term’s weight. In the second technique, both types of collocation have been considered; where the co-occurrence frequency distribution within a predefined window has been used to determine query terms collocations and computing query term’s weight. Evaluation of the proposed techniques show performance gain in some of the collocations over the chosen baseline runs.

The main purpose with this study is to make the modified parenting visible in relation to the school over time. How have the views of parenting and support, by the pedagogues and the parents, earlier been interpreted and how is it today? The results of the interviews, which were more like an everyday dialogue, were analyzed through a phenomenological effort with a hermeneutist method interpretation. The theory connection has mainly consisted of relevant terms for this study. I have come to the conclusion that parents today feel that they have an extended responsibility when it comes their own children’s knowledge. The reason for this is something they already knew and has now been enforced when Skolverket (2009, a) has produced a report which enlightens this and it has been written about in the media.  Some were concerned and felt a lack of competence and time to be able to live up to and take on the increased responsibility. One person emphasized that the school demands parent’s commitment and questioned the school with the mission which has been imposed on them, in case it wasn’t their mission which had been imposed on the parents instead.

In the business and the operation management, business strategies and operation guidelines are manually recorded on paper in large repositories. The data include standard operating procedures, work instructions, technical documents, manufacturing specifications and training materials. However, many companies are facing problems of document managements including a lack of updated information, document duplication, file misplacement and inconsistency, etc. Furthermore, accumulated working experiences, considered as parts of the most valuable resources of companies, are not well preserved after resignations and retirements of senior employees. This critical situation is apparent especially in those companies established over decades and affects the operation efficiency and the future expansion. This study helps understand the needs of document managements and shares experiences of document management implementations in the company. The standard processes of the document management includes source establishment, information review, data examination and format, file security and restoration and user feedback. In fact, most of companies do not carry out the entire processes. Companies can develop their own document management systems according to their business formats and operation demands. With the advent of computers, companies build up document management concepts by applying software like MIS. In addition, companies can also use ISO document management processes as the paradigm for the document management establishment. The document management gives companies abilities to learn faster and take better reactions in the market. Efficiency becomes the competitive advantage of the company which is able to outperform competitors in the industry.

Text categorization to automatically assign documents into the appropriate pre-defined category or categories is essential to facilitating the retrieval of desired documents efficiently and effectively from a huge text depository, e.g., the world-wide web. Most techniques, however, suffer from the feature selection problem and the vocabulary mismatch problem. A few research works have addressed on text categorization via text summarization to reduce the size of documents, and consequently the number of features to consider, while some proposed using latent semantic indexing (LSI) to reveal the true meaning of a term via its association with other terms. Few works, however, have studied the joint effect of text summarization and the semantic dimension reduction technique in the literature. The objective of this research is thus to propose a practical approach, SBDR to deal with the above difficulties in text categorization tasks. Two experiments are conducted to validate our proposed approach. In the first experiment, the results show that text summarization does improve the performance in categorization. In addition, to construct important sentences, the association terms of both noun-noun and noun-verb pairs should be considered. Results of the second experiment indicate slight better performance with the approach of adopting LSI exclusively (i.e. no summarization) than that with SBDR (i.e. with summarization). Nonetheless, the minor accuracy reduction can be largely compensated for the computational time saved using LSI with text summarized. The feasibility of the SBDR approach is thus justified.

none

Texte remanié de: Habilitationsschrift--Theologische Fakultät--Berlin--Humboldt-Universität, 1997. / Bibliogr. p. 497-522. Index.

Texte remanié de: Doctoral diss.--Toronto--Faculty of the Biblical department of the Toronto school of theology, University of Toronto, 1997. / Bibliogr. p. 214-236. Index.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Florida, 2001. / Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains x, 54 p.; also contains graphics. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 50-53).