Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1988. / Typescript. Vita. Also available on microfilm from University Microfilms. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 450-476).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1988. / Typescript. Vita. Also available on microfilm from University Microfilms. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 450-476).

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Resumé This thesis titled ,,Comparison of legal aspects of eugenics programs of USA and nazi Germany" elaborates an interesting area of legal history, which describes and compares state eugenics policies of the United States in the 1st half of the 20th century and similarly motivated population policy of nazi Germany. The main sources of this legislation are thoughts associated with struggle against genetic degeneration of population gene pool, which takes place because of reproduction of physically and mentally ,,defective", who pass these indispositions on next generations, and, according to laws of heredity, weaken the human race. In the thesis I distinguish original Galtonʻs and Ploetzʻs eugenics and so called racist eugenics, whose motive is protection and purification of specific social group. The thesis is divided into five chapters, which are further divided into sub-chapters and other additional parts. The emphasis is put on the second, the third and the fourth chapter, whereas the first and the fifths are included in the work, because I considered it a good idea to complete the story of eugenics throughout the history till present. The first chapter contains brief narration about presence od eugenics in societies from pre - state structures till the end of the 19th century, when the first eugenics...

O trabalho constitui-se de uma análise sobre o conteúdo de cunho eugenista produzido pela enfermagem brasileira e publicado em periódico nacional – a Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem (REBEn), no período de 1932 a 2002. Considerando-se a dificuldade de encontrar trabalhos científicos da enfermagem sobre a configuração de novas práticas eugenistas, positivas e negativas, associadas aos avanços biogenéticos, intensificados na década de 1990, parte-se do pressuposto de que a enfermagem, desde a sua institucionalização como profissão, vinha incorporando os diferentes contornos da eugenia até o momento atual, quando as transformações em curso ainda não têm sido expressas em sua produção teórica. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo que, mediante a Análise de Conteúdo, modalidade temática, teve como objetivos: identificar como vem sendo construído o conteúdo eugenista pela enfermagem; investigar bases conceituais de eugenia positiva e negativa que deram sustentação à prática da profissão. De um total de 227 fascículos publicados, analisaram-se 263 textos, compostos majoritariamente em forma de artigo (90,11%), de cunho descritivo (70,72%), produzidos por profissionais enfermeiros (60,89%), do sexo feminino (86,74%) e vinculados a escolas de enfermagem (60,22%). Verifica-se que há uma produção continuada que aborda a preocupação com a saúde e constituição das futuras gerações ao longo do período, destacando-se três ênfases na expressão do termo ‘eugenia’ na REBEn: conceituação e objetivos (1931-1951); conflitos éticos, legais e morais (1954-1976) e eugenia como um tema do início do século XX (1993-2002). Analisam-se três categorias como bases conceituais: “batalha que se impõe para o aperfeiçoamento eugênico do nosso povo"; “a responsabilidade da enfermeira, em função da vida, é direta" e “não há solução para os males sociais fora das leis da Biologia". Elaboram-se conceitos idealizados de biotipo, sociedade, família e mulher/mãe que, a partir da construção de antinomias e sob bases biológicas, têm orientado ações eugenistas ligadas ao preparo de recursos humanos, educação em saúde e assistência, estabelecendo o que deve ser aperfeiçoado ou limitado em termos de reprodução humana. Pautando-se nos conhecimentos científicos já construídos, os quais vêm sendo gradativamente superados, e, num conceito de eugenia voltado ao controle reprodutivo, conclui-se que a enfermagem não tem sinalizado para as mudanças do conceito de eugenia e suas novas formas de intervenção ligadas às biotecnologias, o que implica na urgente incorporação dos recentes saberes biogenéticos e na reflexão sobre o seu alcance e implicações éticas, legais e morais, de forma a socializar tais avanços e resguardar os direitos humanos fundamentais em todas as atividades desenvolvidas nas áreas do ensino, pesquisa e assistência. / This paper constitutes an analysis about the eugenic content produced by Brazilian nursing which was published in national periodical – Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem (REBEn), during the period of 1932 to 2002. Considering the difficulty of finding nursing scientific papers about the configuration of new eugenic practices, positives and negatives, associated to biogenetic improvements, increased during the nighties decade, we can assume that nursing, since it was estabilished as profession, had incorpored different eugenics outlines until the present moment, when the transformations in course have not been expressed in theoretical production yet. Under a qualitative approach through the Contents Analysis, thematic modality, its objectives were: to identify how eugenic content has been constructed by nursing and to investigate conceptual bases of positive and negative eugenics that gave support to nursing practice. 263 texts were analysed from 227 published magazines, in its majority in the form of article (90,11%), in descriptive form (70,72%), produced by nursing professionals (60,89%), female sex (86,74%) and related to nursing schools (60,22%). It was noticed that there is a continued production in the period that shows the preocupation with future generations health and constitution, highlighting three emphasis in the expression of ‘eugenics’ term in REBEn: concept and objectives (1932-51); ethical, legal and moral conflicts (1954-76) and eugenics as an aspect of the first decades of the XX century (1993-2002). Three categories as conceptual bases were analysed: “battle necessary for eugenic improvement of our people"; “nurse responsability, over life, is direct" and “there isn’t a solution for social evils outside Biological laws". Some idealized concepts have been cosntructed around the biotype, society, family and woman/mother which, starting from the construction of antinomies and under biological bases, have guided eugenic actions connected to a human recourses preparation, health education and assistance, establishing what must be improved or limited around human reproduction. Guided by scientific knowledge already constructed, which have been gradually overcome, and through a eugenics concept connected to reproductive control, it is conclude that nursing have not signaled the changes in eugenics concept and its new intervention forms linked to biotechnology, which implies the urgent incorporation of the recent biogenetics knowledge and the reflexion about their extent and ethical, legal and moral implications, to socialize these advancements and to preserve the fundamental human rights in all nursing activities developed by education, investigation and assistance areas.

Marriage education emerged in universities across the United States in the 1920s as a response to a perceived “marriage crisis.” Over the next several decades, marriage educators shaped marriage course content to reflect student interests and maintain relevance to students’ lives. With the goal of saving marriage from the abstract forces of modernity, faculty initially targeted a specific demographic: white, middle-class, college students. This thesis chronicles the trajectory of marriage education as it shifted from a mechanism of positive eugenics to a vehicle by which black students in the South could access rights of citizenship in the post-WWII period. What began as a method of civic exclusion with roots in the eugenic movement transformed into a means through which Southern black citizens asserted their rights to education, marriage, sexuality, and family. This democratization of education for citizenship reflected the diverse uses of marriage education from the 1920s through the 1960s.

This thesis considers the treatment of early twentieth-century intersex bodies in Virginia Woolf’s Orlando and William Faulkner’s Absalom, Absalom!. It takes into special account the prevalence of eugenic discourse during the modernist period, noticing eugenicists’ interest in categorical imperatives for the purposes of statistical analysis and surgical alteration. Their aims were human perfectibility. This thesis argues Orlando and Absalom, Absalom! imagine bodies existing, loving, and dreaming in between male and female, and outside of the violence of surgical “correction.”

This thesis considers the treatment of early twentieth-century intersex bodies in Virginia Woolf’s Orlando and William Faulkner’s Absalom, Absalom!. It takes into special account the prevalence of eugenic discourse during the modernist period, noticing eugenicists’ interest in categorical imperatives for the purposes of statistical analysis and surgical alteration. Their aims were human perfectibility. This thesis argues Orlando and Absalom, Absalom! imagine bodies existing, loving, and dreaming in between male and female, and outside of the violence of surgical “correction.”

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Baylor University, 2007. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 188-201).