Darbo tikslas : Pasirinktoje Klaipėdos uosto teritorijoje greta miesto branduolio piliavietės įvykdyti konversiją, pritaikant jas miesto bendruomenės ir jo svečių poreikiams, seniausioje miesto dalyje atkurti buvusius funkcinius ir emocinius miesto bei vandens ryšius, sutvarkyti esamas bei projektuojamas viešąsias erdves ir jas įkomponuoti miesto urbanistiniame audinyje. Be minėtų viešųjų erdvių integravimo, reikia suformuoti reprezentacinį uosto veidą, kuris atspindėtų ekonominę bei socialinę miesto padėtį ir būtų uosto struktūros pamatas. Norint pritraukti didesnį atplaukiančių turistų skaičių Klaipėdoje yra formuojamas kruizinių laivų keleivių terminalo pastatas. / Aim: The selected Klaipeda port area near the city castle to meet core conversion, adapting them to the urban community and the needs of his guest, the oldest part of the city to restore the former functional and emotional city and water connections, to sort out the current and projected in public spaces and to incorporate the urban tissue of the city. In addition to the integration of public spaces, it is necessary to form a representative port face, which reflects the economic and social situation of the city and the port structure of the foundation. In order to attract a greater number of tourists arriving in Klaipeda is formed by a cruise ship passenger terminal building.

Klaipėdos miesto architektūros, kraštovaizdžio savitumą lėmė istorinės aplinkybės. Nenuosekli Klaipėdos urbanistinė ir architektūrinė raida, pasikartojančios ekonominės bei politinės krizės darė įtaką ir miesto viešųjų erdvių plėtrą. Ypatingai smarkiai Klaipėdos senamiesčio teritorija nukentėjo per Antrąjį pasaulinį karą, tačiau laimei išliko dalis senųjų pastatų, kurie išlaikė architektūrines detales, pabrėžiančias šio krašto savitumą. Prasidėjus pokarinei statybai, plėtojant planinę ekonomiką, imtasi atkurti miesto pramonę bei uosto funkcijas. Viena gražiausių senamiesčio vietų – teritorija palei Kuršių marias ir Danės upę – buvo paversta pramonine bei uostą aptarnaujančia zona. Viešosios erdvės, gyvenamieji pastatai ir kitos paskirties objektai projektuojami sovietmečiu būdingu tipišku metodu. Gyvenamosios paskirties zona tikslingai plėtojama šiaurinėje miesto dalyje. Visuomenės poreikiams skirtos erdvės nukeliamos toliau nuo centro. Atkūrus Nepriklausomybę, požiūris į architektūrą ir urbanistiką radikaliai keitėsi. Šiandien atkuriami senieji Klaipėdos pastatai, tvarkoma ir atnaujinama Pilies teritorija. Sutvarkytas ir visuomenės poreikiams atiduotas Jono kalnelis. Planuose numatoma Žvejų gatvės rekonstrukcija – čia turėtų būti pėsčiųjų alėja. Vienas po kito dygsta projektai, kurių tikslas – Klaipėdos miesto istorines vietas pritaikyti rekreacinei veiklai, visuomenės poreikiams. Siekiama formuoti Klaipėdos – miesto prie jūros ir marių – įvaizdį. / An architecture and landscape of Klaipeda is formed due to historical circumstances. The development of public spaces was influenced of inconsistent Klaipeda urban, architectural processes and political, economic crisis. Particularly, old town area of Klaipeda suffered during the Second Worl war, but fortunatly remained part of the old buildings that have stood the architectural details, emphasizing the uniqueness of this region. The beginning of the post-war construction, development of planned economy have been taken to restore the city's industry and port functions. One of the most beautiful old town area is along the Curonian Lagoon and the River Dane, which was transformed into an industrial and port serving area. Public spaces, residential buildings and other objects designed by method of Soviet typical presence. Residential zone is appropriate expanded in the northern part of the city. The space for public demands is moved away from the center. Approach to architecture and urban planning has changed radically after restoration of independence. Today old buildings of Klaipeda are restored, castle area is managed and updated. The John’s hill is put in order and given to public interests. Anglers street Reconstruction is scheduled - there should be a pedestrian walkway. One after the other projects are springing up to the aim – to adapt historic places of Klaipeda for recreational public activities. The aim is to develop Latvians - the city by the sea and the bay -... [to full text]

A mix of economic interests, humanitarianism, and political concerns over future regional security and stability drove twentieth century attempts to counter indigenous morbidity and depopulation in the Pacific. However, chronic under-resourcing impeded colonial health developments. An opportunity for change came in 1913, when the International Health Board of the Rockefeller Foundation negotiated with the British Colonial Office for joint programmes to control hookworm disease in Britain's tropical dependencies. After surveying the health situation and potential for work in the Pacific region in 1916, a short-lived campaign followed in Fiji (1917-1918). The American philanthropy then focused on Australia, where co-operative hookworm programmes advanced the objectives of the Foundation and increased Federal involvement in public health while and also served the interests of "White Australia". Under Dr. Sylvester Lambert, work in the Island Pacific resumed in 1920, to promote the health and economic viability ofindigenous labour in the Australian territories of Papua and New Guinea. Plantation interests supported survey and treatment work in the British Solomon Island Protectorate, and in 1922 the Fiji campaign re-opened. Lambert expanded the International Health Board's involvement from initial hookworm survey and treatment programmes in the British and New Zealand dependencies in the South Pacific, into other aspects of public health and medical services: water supplies and latrines; a bacteriological laboratory in Suva; hospital expansion; and medical education. Integrating local initiatives, Lambert advocated a Unified Pacific Medical Service, in which key elements were centralisation., rationalisation and affordability. The most radical aspect of his plan was the development of a Central Medical School for the Pacific territories, to provide targeted professional training for indigenous medical practitioners who had a crucial (although still subservient) role in economic service delivery and the diffusion of biomedical understanding among local communities. Also controversial - and Jess successful - were attempts to improve the career opportunities and standard of European Medical Officers, by creating a single medical service for the British Pacific dependencies. Attempts to achieve these goals influenced the shape and outcome of health and medical services which developed in the different island communities by 1939, when Lambert's retirement signalled an end to active Rockefeller Foundation involvement. This thesis examrnes the ways in which colonial administrations, medical staff, the Rockefeller Foundation, labour and mission interests, and Pacific Islanders interacted in the introduction of the dramatically new medical concepts and practices of western science (and specifically tropical medicine) and their effect on indigenous populations.

International students often desire to study overseas and many countries, including New Zealand, welcome them into their schools and universities. Students from Mainland China, one of the most populous countries in the world and, until quite recently closed to the rest of the world, have, in the past few years, made up the large majority of those who come to New Zealand to study. Those wishing to enter university after completing high school in China must acquire a specified level of English and successfully complete a two semester long Foundation Studies course, before being eligible for undergraduate study. Research into independent or self-regulated learning has shown that Western (mainly American) students are much more successful academically and enjoy their studies more if they are willing and able to self-regulate their learning. This research has occurred mostly in Western settings with Western participants. The present research using a mixed methods approach aimed to examine the self-regulated learning, epistemological beliefs, demographic factors and personality traits of Mainland Chinese students studying in the Foundation Studies course and to determine whether any of these factors appeared to have any appreciable effect on their experiences in the course and on their final outcomes. The research found that while no one specific factor seemed to determine experiences and outcomes, it would appear that personality characteristics of face, optimism and other Dependability scores may mediate factors such as ability (measured by grades), length of time in the country, self-regulated learning and motivational strategies (such as organisation, time management, effort regulation and self-efficacy), and previous independent learning to influence these experiences and outcomes. While it appears that the North American theory of self-regulated learning is applicable to these students, it seems that cultural beliefs may affect which self-regulatory factor is most salient in their academic outcomes. Further research would be valuable to clarify these differences.

Ever since the use of cone penetration testing (CPT) in geotechnical site investigations, efforts have been made to correlate its readings with the components of static axial pile capacity: unit base resistance (qb) and unit shaft resistance (fp). Broadly, the pile capacity analysis from CPT data can be accomplished via two main approaches: rational (or indirect) methods, and direct methods. The rational methods require a two-step approach, whereby CPT data are first used to provide assessments of geoparameters that are further utilized as input values within a selected analytical framework to enable the evaluation of the pile capacity components. In contrast, direct CPT methods use the measured penetrometer readings by scaling relationships or algorithms in a single-step process to obtain fp and qb for full-size piling foundations. The evolution of the CPT from mechanical to electrical to electronic versions and single-channel readings (i.e., measured tip resistance, qc) to the piezocone penetration test (CPTu), that provides three readings of point stress (qt), sleeve friction (fs), and porewater pressure (u1 or u2), has resulted in the concurrent development of multiple CPT-based geotechnical pile design methods. It is noted, however, that current CPT-based methods focus only on an estimate of "axial pile capacity", corresponding to a limiting load or force at full mobilization. A more comprehensive approach is sought herein utilizing the CPT readings towards producing a complete nonlinear load-displacement-capacity (Q-w-Qcap) on axial pile response. In particular, the seismic cone penetration test (SCPT) provides the profile of shear wave velocity (Vs) that determines the fundamental small-strain shear modulus: Gmax = gt?Vs2, where gt = total mass density of soil. With the penetrometer readings useful in assessing foundation capacity, the stiffness Gmax finds application within elastic continuum solutions towards evaluating the load-displacement (Q-w) response. In this study, a concise review of the deep foundation systems is presented, including pile types and characteristics, various arrangements of axial pile load testing in static mode, and interpretations of the load test data. In addition a comprehensive state-of-the-art review of CPT-based rational and direct methods of pile capacity evaluations is compiled. It is recognized that the direct methods offer more convenience in their straightforward approach in estimation of the pile capacity. The piezocone-based UniCone direct method proposed by Eslami and Fellenius (1997) is selected for further refinements, as it utilizes all three CPT readings in its design formulations. Concerning the analysis of pile deformations under axial loading, a brief review covers designs employing empirical formulations, analytical solutions, load-transfer (t-z) methods, numerical simulations, variational approaches, and those using hybrid methods. Specifically, the analytical elastic solution by Randolph and Wroth (1978; 1979) is covered in more detail since it is simple and convenient in application with extended applications to uplift and bidirectional O-cell types of loadings. This elastic approach also serves well in modeling a stacked pile solution for layered soil profiles. The last part of the review covers various shear modulus reduction schemes, since evaluation of the applicable stiffnesses is considered to be the most delicate phase in the nonlinear Q-w response analysis of axially loaded piles. It is identified that the most appropriate scheme applicable to static axial loading of pile foundations is the one that can be derived from the back-analyses of actual load tests within the framework of analytical elastic solution. In order to conduct a comprehensive research study on the axial Q-w-Qcap response of deep foundations from CPT readings, a large database is compiled. This includes 330 case records of pile load tests at 70 sites from 5 continents and 19 different countries of the world, where pile foundations were load tested under top-down compression or top-applied uplift (tension) loading, or both, or by bi-directional Osterberg cell setups. All test sites had been investigated using CPT soundings; in most cases by the preferred SCPTu that provides all four readings from the same sounding: qt, fs, u2, and Vs. In a few cases, sites were subjected to CPT or CPTu and the profiles of shear wave velocities were obtained by other field geophysical techniques, otherwise by empirical estimations. Results of the new correlation efforts are offered to derive coefficients Cse for shaft component and Cte for base component of the axial pile capacity from CPTu data. The UniCone type of soil classification chart is refined by delineating 11 soil sub-zones along with their respective Cse, in contrast to the 5 zones originally proposed. The CPT material index, Ic (Robertson, 2009) is then used to establish direct correlations linking Cse vs. Ic and Cte vs. Ic. Statistical relationships offer continuous functions for estimating the coefficients over a wide range of Ic values, thereby eliminating the need for use of the soil classification chart as well as improving the reliability in the evaluations of fp and qb. The effects of the pile loading direction (compression vs. uplift) and loading rate are also incorporated in the proposed design formulations. New sets of shear stiffness reduction curves are developed from the back-analysis of pile load tests and Gmax profiles obtained from the SCPT data. Alternative functions formats are provided in terms of hyperbolic tangent expressions or exponential curves, developed as normalized shear stiffness (G/Gmax) vs. logarithm of percent pseudo-strain (gp = w/d, where w = pile displacement and d = pile diameter). These charts offer convenience in the axial Q-w analysis of different pile categories within the framework of analytical elastic solution. The results also account for the plasticity characteristics of the soil formations within the database. A stacked pile model for Q-w analysis is presented in which certain adaptations are proposed in the elastic continuum solution. These adaptations enable plotting of separate modulus reduction curves (G/Gmax vs. gp) as function of depth for each layer, and treating pile as a stack of smaller pile segments embedded in a multi-layered soil media. The solution can be used to address the question of progressive failure with depth in a multi-layer soil media that exhibits nonlinear soil stiffness response. Finally, the closed-from analytical elastic pile solution for predicting the Q-w response is decoupled and modified to account for different setup cases and multi-stage loading of bi-directional O-cell tests. The decoupling accounts for separate assessments of the response to axial loading for different segments of pile shaft and different stages of loading, while the modifications include: (1) reduced maximum radius of influence for the upward displacements of the upper shaft segment, and (2) modeling the non-linear ground stiffness from the back-analysis of a well-documented dataset of O-cell load tests.

Companies often create apps in the same problem domain with similar features. Implementing these features over and over again is inefficient, time consuming, and error prone. This leads to high costs for the developing company and prices which are not competitive on the market. To address these problems we identify reusable features and implement them in a library which is well tested and allows frequent reuse. Features include navigation patterns, lists, menus, animated components, shared components, gallery and so on. With the help of these features programmers can easily create various applications with good design and functionality, reducing the time spent on development and allowing competitive prices for related services and products.

There is no abstract available for this dissertation.

The interactions between educators and learners in the classroom have been proved to be pivotal in learners’ academic performance and social interactions. Furthermore, positive interaction impacts on both the educators’ and learners’ emotional wellbeing. With this in mind, this study aimed to explore educators’ experiences of their interactions with learners in the Foundation Phase. The theoretical underpinning of this study, namely community psychology and systems theory states that interaction is a dynamic process between two individuals and that people must always be considered in context, taking into mind their family, community and social environment. This qualitative study used a case study design, utilizing a focus group discussion in two public schools to gather data. Ten female educators participated, six from the one school and four from the other. They were all English speaking and all had been teaching for more than five years. The discussions were directed by one main question, namely: “Tell me about your experiences of the interactions with the learners in your classroom”. Additional probing questions were also utilized. These two schools were chosen as one is well resourced and the other school is underresourced, and so they provide a different perspective on the subject being explored in this study. Thematic analysis was utilized and revealed the following main themes. Firstly, the educators reported being very aware of both the educational and emotional needs of the learners, as well as the impact of the family background on the learners’ behaviour. Furthermore, the experiences of the educators in relation to the learners were mostly negative, reporting often feeling frustrated, hopeless and angry. They did, however, have some positive experiences. As a result of the learners’ needs and their experiences, the educators employed various strategies to meet the identified needs of the learners, to manage the classroom environment and regulate themselves. These findings are considered in the light of international and South African research and found to concur with this literature, in that educators use interaction to achieve the tasks required by the curriculum, to manage classroom discipline and structure and to meet the emotional needs of the learners. Additionally, the difference in the two schools was revealed in the influence of external factors. The educators from the less resourced school experienced much frustration and stress in contending with the learners’ particularly challenging home lives, as well as the inefficiency of the education department, in matters such as assessing learners or placing them correctly, according to their needs. In the light of these findings, the researcher recommends further studies to determine whether what was reported by the educators in this study, can be generalized to all educators in the Foundation Phase. If this is indeed so, educators could be empowered to be more effective in their interactions with the learners in their class, which could, in turn, result in better academic performances for the learners and a more positive experience for the educators. / Thesis (MA (Psychology))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013.

The interactions between educators and learners in the classroom have been proved to be pivotal in learners’ academic performance and social interactions. Furthermore, positive interaction impacts on both the educators’ and learners’ emotional wellbeing. With this in mind, this study aimed to explore educators’ experiences of their interactions with learners in the Foundation Phase. The theoretical underpinning of this study, namely community psychology and systems theory states that interaction is a dynamic process between two individuals and that people must always be considered in context, taking into mind their family, community and social environment. This qualitative study used a case study design, utilizing a focus group discussion in two public schools to gather data. Ten female educators participated, six from the one school and four from the other. They were all English speaking and all had been teaching for more than five years. The discussions were directed by one main question, namely: “Tell me about your experiences of the interactions with the learners in your classroom”. Additional probing questions were also utilized. These two schools were chosen as one is well resourced and the other school is underresourced, and so they provide a different perspective on the subject being explored in this study. Thematic analysis was utilized and revealed the following main themes. Firstly, the educators reported being very aware of both the educational and emotional needs of the learners, as well as the impact of the family background on the learners’ behaviour. Furthermore, the experiences of the educators in relation to the learners were mostly negative, reporting often feeling frustrated, hopeless and angry. They did, however, have some positive experiences. As a result of the learners’ needs and their experiences, the educators employed various strategies to meet the identified needs of the learners, to manage the classroom environment and regulate themselves. These findings are considered in the light of international and South African research and found to concur with this literature, in that educators use interaction to achieve the tasks required by the curriculum, to manage classroom discipline and structure and to meet the emotional needs of the learners. Additionally, the difference in the two schools was revealed in the influence of external factors. The educators from the less resourced school experienced much frustration and stress in contending with the learners’ particularly challenging home lives, as well as the inefficiency of the education department, in matters such as assessing learners or placing them correctly, according to their needs. In the light of these findings, the researcher recommends further studies to determine whether what was reported by the educators in this study, can be generalized to all educators in the Foundation Phase. If this is indeed so, educators could be empowered to be more effective in their interactions with the learners in their class, which could, in turn, result in better academic performances for the learners and a more positive experience for the educators. / Thesis (MA (Psychology))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013.

Motivation Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the most important causes of mortality and morbidity in South Africa. The major risk factors are prevalent in both the developed and developing areas of the world, among all social classes, and are of similar public health significance in all countries regardless of their level of development. This indicates that much scope remains for further reducing coronary heart disease (CHD) death rates in developed countries and for preventing the emerging CHD epidemic in poorer nations. This study aims at identifying the beliefs of the South African adult population regarding food and cardiovascular health and to therefore identify target groups for education programs. Objectives To investigate the beliefs of South African adults towards the importance of the link between food and cardiovascular health, especially between the different races, living standards, age and gender groups. Also to determine whether this population looks for the Heart Foundation symbol on food products, as well as where the link between food and heart disease ranks in terms of importance compared to other highly prevalent diseases. Method The design of the study was a randomized cross-sectional study. Trained field workers administrated questionnaires by conducting face-to-face interviews with consumers in the language of their choice. Two thousand South African individuals (1 6 years and older) were randomly selected from metropolitan areas in South Africa. The data was weighted to be representative of the total South African metropolitan consumer population, based on gender, age and race distribution (n=10 695 000). The total population was representative of both genders (5 423 000 men and 5 272 000 women) and major race groups (2 615 000 whites, 6 252 000 blacks, 1 255 000 coloureds and 573 000 Indians), from different age and living standards groups. The market research group, MARKINOR, was contracted to collect the data. Quantitive data was statistically analysed in order to generate the relevant descriptive statistics, cross tabulations and statistical tests. Results The majority of the population found the link between food and cardiovascular risk related health issues to be important, especially the higher LSM groups within the different race groups. The link between food and weight loss was considered the least important compared to other cardiovascular risk factors (cholesterol, blood pressure, diabetes, healthy blood vessels). Only 35% of the study population agreed with the statement that they look for the Heart Foundation symbol, while 46% disagreed with the statement. There was a greater tendency for the higher LSM groups to look for the Heart Foundation symbol than the lower LSM groups. Heart disease was considered just as important and in some cases more important when compared with HIVIAIDS and cancer. Conclusions This study shows that the metropolitan South African adult population is aware of the importance of food on CVD. Nutritional education needs to be aimed at both genders and all ages of the lower socio-economic groups of South Africa. The reasons why such a large percentage of the South African metropolitan adults do not look for the Heart Foundation symbol, or are undecided about it, needs to be investigated and addressed. Prevention programs promoting a healthy lifestyle, which would address the risk factors associated with CVD, should be received with a positive attitude. / Thesis (M.Sc. (Nutrition))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2005.