Many populations of migrating waterbirds in Africa and Western Eurasia are in a long-term decline, largely because of the loss of wetlands along their migration routes. Between 1950 and 1985, 63 % of the wetlands in Greece were lost due to human activities. However, humans are also a source of more direct disturbance to birds that may have a negative influence on their fitness. The purpose of this study has been to assess how human disturbance in the form of agriculture, tourism and hunting might affect the birdlife in a coastal lagoon in southwestern Greece, and, if needed, propose measures on how to improve the status of the birdlife. To evaluate this, interviews and studies of monitoring reports and literature have been conducted. The studied area, Gialova lagoon, is the southernmost wetland in the Balkan Peninsula, which makes it especially important for migratory birds. The study shows that the major threats to the lagoon have already been dealt with. However, there are still improvements that can be made. Currently, agriculture seems to have the most negative effect on the concerned area, but since there appears to be an ambition to increase tourism in the area this may change in the future. Disturbance from hunting only plays a minor role in the area around the lagoon. The establishment of an official management body as well as an official management plan would probably be an effective way to continue the conservation work and reduce the disturbance of human activities in Gialova lagoon.

Baigiamajame magistriniame darbe „Medžioklė ir žvejybos išteklių apsaugos ir valdymo vertinimas“ buvo išsikeltas tikslas išanalizuoti ir įvertinti medžioklės ir žvejybos išteklių apsaugą bei valdymą. Darbe nagrinėjamos šiuo metų aktualiausios problemos bei gerosios patirtys, savybės teisės aktai žūklės ir medžioklės srityse. Atskleidžiami gyvosios gamtos kontrolės trūkumai. Kad nustatyti visuomenės, žvejų mėgėjų ir medžiotojų požiūrį į dabartinę valdymo sistemą buvo atlikta visuomenės apklausa, kurioje dalyvavo per septyniasdešimt žvejų mėgėjų ir medžiotojų. Darbo eigoje be tyrimo buvo analizuojama su žūklės ir medžioklės sritimi susijusi mokslinė literatūra, regionų aplinkos apsaugos departamentų veiklos ataskaitos, įstatyminiai aktai, valstybinių auditų ataskaitos. Darbas susideda iš, keturių pagrindinių skyrių, išvadų ir rekomendacijų. Iš principo darbą galima suskirstyti į dvi dalis pirmoji supažindina su medžioklės ir žūklės istorija, šiuo metu galiojančiomis tendencijomis, teisės aktais, atliekamais išteklių tyrimais ir jų reglamentavimu. Antroji darbo dalis atkleidžia žūklės ir medžioklės valdymo ir administravimo trūkumus, žvejų mėgėjų ir medžiotojų nuomonę bei pasiūlymus apie šios srities valdymo klausimus ir analizuojamos medžioklės ir žvejybos kertinės problemos. Atlikus tyrimą nustatyta, kad iškelta hipotezė „medžioklės ir žvejybos išteklių valdymas yra neefektyvus“ iš esmės yra teisinga. Nustatyti trūkumai medžioklės ir žvejybos valdymo, priežiūros ir... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / In the master thesis “Hunting and fishing recourses security and management evaluation” was elevated the aim to analyze and evaluate security and management of hunting and fishing recourses. In the work analyzing the most topical problems and bests experiences, internals and legislations in the hunting and fishing areas. In the this work reveals disadvantages in the control mechanism of natural nature. For determination opinion of public, fishers and hunters attitudes in fishing and hunting system of management was done public survey in which participated more than seventy people who fishing or hunting. In the process of work was analyzed scientific literature, EPA reports about their job, legislation acts, reports of audits which is related with fishing and hunting sphere. Work consists with four basic topics, conclusions and recommendations. In principal this work could be split in two parts from which firs part speaks about hunting and fishing history, tendencies of our days, legislation acts, researches of resources and regulations. The second part of this work reveals disadvantages in fishing and hunting are which consists with management and regulations, fishers and hunters opinion and offers about this field of management. Also in this work was analyzed biggest problems hunting and fishing field. After research was approved the hypothesis “management of hunting and fishing recourses in not effective”. Disadvantages was identified in fishing and hunting... [to full text]

This thesis looks at how the Cree people of Wemindji, James Bay, Québec, understand and live with ecological complexity and dynamism. The focus is on the interplay between variability, change, and continuity in the Canada goose (Branta canadensis) hunt. Looking at Cree goose-hunting in the light of cultural ecology and resilience thinking, the research suggests that Cree hunters are attentive and responsive to ecological fluctuations, fine-tuning local arrangements to local environmental conditions. Ecological variability and unpredictability, such as weather, goose population dynamics and migration patterns, are mediated by local management strategies in which goose hunting areas shift in space and time. However, whereas these strategies are still practiced nowadays, they are (to some extent) overwhelmed by changes occurring at larger scales. Some of these are related to climate change and anthropogenic disturbances; others are related to social-cultural changes that influence resource-use patterns. I discuss how these different drivers interact among themselves and impact the goose-hunt, and how the Wemindji Cree respond to these changes.

In recent years, heated debates about the definition and evolutionary role of simple, egalitarian hunter-gatherer societies have assumed a central place in hunter-gatherer studies. Since household dynamics are bound to be fundamental in arguments about these issues, the present study examines social change in terms of household integration in Air Bah, a resettlement village of newly sedentary Lanoh hunter-gatherers and forest collectors of Peninsular Malaysia. The Lanoh have accepted inequality more readily than cooperation and binding relationships. Household integration has remained partial because, even in households of self-aggrandizers, younger men retain their individual autonomy. This incomplete household integration, in turn, continues to affect kinship group and village integration, preventing Air Bah from developing into a centralized "village community." These findings suggest substantial revisions in our understanding of the sociality and evolutionary significance of the "simplest" hunter-gatherer societies.

Rakiura Maori continue a centuries old harvest of titi chicks (sooty shearwater, Puffinus griseus) which is governed primarily by Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK). The sustainability of titi harvesting is of high cultural, social and ecological importance. Some commentators view contemporary use of TEK as insufficient to ensure sustainability because it is no longer intact, too passive, and/or potentially inadequate to meet new ecological and technical challenges. Such assertions have been made in the absence of detailed description of TEK and associated social mechanisms. This thesis describes Rakiura Maori TEK practices and management systems that are in place and asks whether such systems are effective today, and whether they will remain effective in future. Ecological, social and cultural factors are intertwined in cultural wildlife harvests so the methodology used was a combination of quantitative ecological methods and semi-directive interviews of 20 experienced harvesting elders. The research also used ecological science to evaluate potential harvest monitoring methods and to determine what sets the limits on harvest. These ecological studies focused on harvesting by four families on Putauhinu Island in 1997-1999. Harvest is divided into two parts. In the first period (�nanao�) chicks are extracted from breeding burrows during daytime. In the second period (�rama�) chicks are captured at night when they have emerged from burrows. Nanao harvest rates only increased slightly with increasing chick densities and birders� harvest rates varied in their sensitivities to changing chick density. Although harvest rates can only provide a general index of population change a monitoring panel, with careful selection of participants, may be the only feasible way to assess population trend and thereby harvest sustainability or the resource�s response to changed management. Rakiura Maori harvesting practice constitutes common property resource management based on birthright and a system of traditional rules. Protection of island habitat and adult birds, and temporal restricitions on harvest are considered most important. Legislation and a belief system of reciprocity and connection to ancestors and environment aid enforcement of the rules. Ecological knowledge is learnt through observation, hands-on experience and storytelling. Younger Rakiura Maori now spend less time harvesting which puts pressure on the transmission of knowledge. Paradoxically, use of modern technology for harvesting aids transfer of essential skills because it is easier and faster to learn, thereby contributing to the continuance of a culturally important harvest. Limits on harvest are passive, with the numbers of chicks taken determined by the time spent harvesting and processing. Processing is more limiting during the rama period. Future innovations that decrease the time to process each chick during rama could greatly increase the total number of chicks caught. Recently introduced motorised plucking machines decrease the time required to pluck each chick. However, on Putauhinu Island, use of plucking machines did not increase the number of chicks harvested, indicating social mechanisms were also limiting. Elders identified changing values between the generations, which may reduce the future strength of social limitations on harvest pressure. Global climate change may reduce the predicability of traditional knowledge. Rakiura Maori have identified this risk and sought to examine ecological science as a tool to complement traditional knowledge for monitoring harvest sustainability. Climate change, declining tītī numbers and potential changes in technology or markets all threaten the effectiveness of current social limits to harvest. Rakiura Maori have previously shown the ability to adapt and must look to add resilience to their institutions to ensure we keep the titi forever.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Umeå : Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet, 2005. / Härtill 5 uppsatser.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Stevens Point, 2008. / Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the degree Master of Science in Natural Resources (Wildlife), College of Natural Resources. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 1997. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves [258]-290).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Michigan State University. Dept. of Anthropology, 2006. / Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on June 19, 2009) Includes bibliographical references (p. 481-508). Also issued in print.

Mémoire (M.B.A.)- Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 1982. / Document électronique également accessible en format PDF. CaQCU