Magistrinio darbo tema yra aktuali, nes vis labiau didėja neatitikimas tarp organizacijos rinkos vertės ir tikrosios vertės, o tradiciniai pelningumo skaičiavimo būdai nebegali tiksliai atspindėti esamos situacijos, kadangi jie skaičiuoja tiktai pelną, o ne pridėtinę vertę. Temos naujumas akivaizdus, nes magistriniame darbe yra ieškomas ryšys tarp tradicinių pelningumo skaičiavimo metodų ir nefinansinių intelektinių išteklių efektyvumo skaičiavimo metodų, siekiant nustatyti, ar nefinansiniai rodikliai gali pateikti informacijos apie sėkmingą banko veiklą. Tyrimo objektas – intelektinių išteklių panaudojimo efektyvumas. Tyrimo dalykas – intelektinių išteklių svarba bankininkystės tolesniame vystymesi. Tikslas: nustatyti intelektinių išteklių svarbą bankininkystės vystymuisi ir numatyti bankininkystės tolesnius plėtros etapus. Formuluojami tokie uždaviniai: 1. Apibūdinti intelektinių išteklių sąvoką ir išanalizuoti jos apibūdinimus literatūroje; 2. Atskleisti intelektinių išteklių svarbą organizacijai; 3. Išnagrinėti intelektinių išteklių skaičiavimo metodus ir lyginti juos su tradiciniais pelningumo skaičiavimo metodais; 4. Apibrėžti intelektinių išteklių svarbą bankininkystei; 5. Numatyti bankininkystės tolesnio vystymosi gaires, naudojantis intelektinių išteklių skaičiavimo metu sukaupta informacija. Šiame darbe panaudoti mokslinio tyrimo metodai: • lyginimo metodas – atskleidžiami įvairių autorių samprotavimai apie intelektinius išteklius ir jų svarbą organizacijoje; •... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The theme of Master’s Work is actual today because it has been generally noticed that there is a growing difference between the organization’s market value and the real value, traditional measurements of profit are no longer able to reflect the current situation correctly as they calculate only a profit and not – the added value. The new point in this theme is being carried out by the relation between traditional profit measurements and non-financial calculations of intellectual assets efficiency, which is being analysed in order to reveal whether non-financial indicators are capable to represent the information about the successful activity of a bank. The object of the research – the effective use of intellectual assets. The subject of the research – the importance of intellectual assets in further development of banking sector. The goal formulated for this work is to define the importance of intellectual assets in growth of banking sector and also to foresee further stages of development. The tasks that are formulated for this work: 1. To define the concept of intellectual assets and to analyse its definitions in literature; 2. To reveal the importance of intellectual assets for an organization; 3. To analyse the measurement methods of intellectual assets and compare them to traditional profit measurement methods. 4. To foresee further development stages of banking sector, by using the information which has been collected via calculations of intellectual assets. The... [to full text]

Historically, there have been two moral theories which have dominated the analysis of 'intellectual property': Natural law theory and Utilitarianism. The former argues that authors have an inalienable right to control the products of their minds while the latter argues that the moral status of a law establishing 'intellectual property' is inextricably tied to the attempt to maximize societal well-being. In this thesis I argue that few justifiable natural rights to the products of our minds can be found and, subsequently, the justification of such rights must stem from the latter theory. I argue that Utilitarianism places many strong limitations on the extensiveness of the powers granted to 'intellectual property' right-holders by a moral law. Finally, I argue that independent of a given societal state-of-affairs, we have two moral obligations: to follow the trend set by moral authors, and to lend them our support.

<p> This Dissertation investigates the relationship between patent quality and company performance for a sample from the US Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Industry. The methodology devised comprehensively examines patent worth (patent&rsquo;s references), patent protection (claims and family patents) and patent quality (references, claims and family patents) to determine their implications on firm leverage (SE, TA), profits (ROE, ROA), and market value (B/M, MCap). The selected sample comprises 1,536 companies, and 285,000 patents from 1999 to 2009. The results show that total revenue just responds to changes in R&D; intensity, and patenting intensity. A 10 percent increase in patent value results in a corresponding increase rate on the market capitalization index for the full sample and a 14 percent increase for the chemicals and allied products group (SIC 28). Increases (10%) in patent protection and quality present average increases of 15 percent on market capitalization for the full sample and 8 percent for the chemicals and allied products group (SIC 28). The medical devices group (SIC 38) results suggest that Mcap increases 10 percent by the same increase in patent value index. Patent protection and quality increases (10%) suggest an average 8 percent increase in Mcap. Results suggest that profits, leverage and market indices respond differently to 10 percent increases in patent value, patent protections and patent quality. The aforementioned effects suggest that the qualitative indexes follow company related market activities and business valuations for the chemical and allied products, and medical devices industrial sectors.</p>

No description available.

Adolescence marks a time of increased social freedoms and opportunities to participate in new productive and leisure activities. As compared to typically developing high school students, those with intellectual disabilities (ID) can face more barriers to involvement in these activities. This study examined the involvement of high school students with and without ID in productive and leisure activities. Furthermore, it identified factors related to involvement, and it examined students’ satisfaction with their social interactions. Forty-seven typically developing high school students completed in-person interviews, and 45 of the students’ parents completed telephone interviews. Archival data from 63 parents of high school students with ID and 41 students with ID were also used. Students provided information about their satisfaction with social interactions, and, additionally, typically developing students provided information about the productive and leisure activities in which they participated. Parents in both groups provided information about their adolescents’ adaptive functioning and maladaptive behaviour, and parents of students with ID also provided information about the productive and leisure activities in which their adolescent participated. Results showed that typically developing students were more likely to be involved in employment and unstructured leisure activities than students with ID; however, there was no difference in involvement between the two groups for volunteer and structured leisure activities. Adaptive functioning was related to involvement in structured and unstructured leisure activities. Maladaptive behaviour was related to involvement in productive activities. Typically developing adolescents had a greater number of general daily interactions than adolescents with ID, and they were more satisfied with the quality of these interactions than students with ID. There was no difference in the quantity of close personal interactions between the two groups; however, typically developing students were more satisfied with the quality of their close personal interactions than students with ID. Implications and directions for future research are discussed. / Thesis (Master, Psychology) -- Queen's University, 2008-09-18 14:51:50.134

Research in the field of intellectual disability (ID) has long recognized that social skills and, in turn, social acceptance, are key areas of difficulty for children with ID. However, little work has been done to examine the factors that may contribute to the development of these difficulties. This study examined early childhood parent-child interactions, as well as early characteristics of both the parent and the child, in order to identify the factors that may be relevant to the later development of social competence and social integration. The study found that the social competence of school-aged children with ID affects the extent to which they are integrated within the social and academic domains. Furthermore, school-age social competence was affected by child and parent functioning in toddlerhood. The findings have important implications for intervention, as mentally healthy, well-supported parents may pose a protective factor for at-risk children. Future studies will need to further examine the role of parent-child interactions in child development. / Thesis (Ph.D, Psychology) -- Queen's University, 2009-09-24 13:50:22.687

For 20 years, and more intensively during the last decade, indigenous knowledge has challenged the regime of intellectual property. If this field of law has been, in the past, challenged by new technology, it is now, with the problematic of indigenous medicinal knowledge, put to the test by "old invention". The present thesis examines the status of indigenous medicinal knowledge in international intellectual property law. Thus, we will proceed to the study of the main international conventions and the common regime of intellectual property law in order to determine the treatment accorded to medicinal indigenous knowledge within the actual system. The role that intellectual property could play in the future will also be examined.

The postmodern is characterised by an incredulity towards the universal truths which mark modernity. Kuki Shuzo, like many intellectuals in Japan during the twenties and thirties, anticipates this discourse by attempting to confront the hegemonic claims and universal pretensions of modernity. Using the latest European methodologies, Kuki attempted to define a site of difference--a site that could escape the putative universality of Western modes of dealing with historical development and consciousness--through a particular reading of cultural artefacts, especially Edo poetry and painting. Yet Kuki would ultimately locate this special site within the temporal, spatial, and subjective boundaries of the modern nation implicating the geopolitics of modernity and providing an interesting context to study the complicity of art, ideology, and aesthetics in modern discourse.

Information and training to assist staff in preventing, managing and remediating challenging behaviours exhibited by individuals with intellectual disabilities is readily available. However, knowledge gained via training is not integrated easily or transposed into work settings. Instead, management of issues is often haphazard and based on what works for a specific situation at the given moment. Although an abundance of research has been conducted on knowledge uptake, direct support staff that are integral to effective service delivery have often been neglected. As well, consideration of whether staff find the evidence relevant and applicable within their work environment has not been measured. The PARiHS Framework, Mindlines and Social Exchange theories assisted in addressing the question: what are staff experiences of applying training information into residential services for individuals with intellectual disabilities who present with challenging behaviours? Qualitative cross-case study methodology was employed and focused on two community residences governed by an agency offering supports to adults with intellectual disabilities. Unit A findings highlighted five key themes that emphasized personal confidence, elements of communication, consistency in approach, connection with individuals, teams and leaders, as well as continuing education strengths and barriers. Within Unit B, five main themes that accentuated personal traits such as caring and nurturing, in addition to communication factors, changes and challenges within the work context, connection to others and perceptions of continuing education were established.

This PhD study examines how people who are intellectually impaired are processed within the criminal justice system. In this context it analyses the understanding of intellectual disabilities, criminal justice decision-making processes, and the constructon of crime and punishment by professionals involved in criminal justice. Despite significant changes in mental health legislation and greater awareness by professionals of issues around intellectually disabled offenders, previous research has demonstrated that this population remains disadvantaged when coming into contact with the criminal justice system. The study focuses on how the criminal justice system maintains its traditional way of operating when engaging with people who are impaired in their intellectual capacities and who, therefore, often have difficulties in processing information and understanding complex situations. The study draws on qualitative data generated through thirty five unstructured interviews with custody sergeants, forensic examiners, prosecutors, magistrates, judges and probation officers from three regions in the North West of England: Cheshire, Merseyside and Greater Manchester. Through those interviews, the provision of support to alleged offenders is examined and the process of legal representation evaluated. By analysing decision-making processes around vulnerable defendants, two conflicting views that influence cimrinal justice professionals in their strategic behaviour were identified: protecting offenders' rights and protecting the public from criminal behaviour. It is argued that the criminal justice system draws its normative and enforcement powers from a 'discourse of truth' that concentrates on capacity and intent. Defendants who are classified as vulnerable because of impaired intellectual functioning whereby capacity to reason and intellectual disability are functionally separated. This way, an alleged offender's vulnerability becomes a manageable object within the criminal justice system and is integrated into a person's risk management. The disjointed discourse around intellectual disabilities increases the risk that people with an impaired level of intellectual functioning become drawn into the mainstream criminal justice system and, therefore, further compromises the empowerment and social inclusion of this population.