The pressure increase attributed to the energy deposition in the liquid metal target of the Spallation Neutron Source results in cavitation and pitting erosion of the target pressure boundary. Introducing compressibility in the form of small gas bubbles will extend the lifetime of the target vessel. The pressure rise caused by the beam energy deposition occurs in one microsecond, which encourages use of bubbles of radius less than 20 microns, such that the bubble response to pressure change is adequately fast. Gas volume fraction near 0.5% is sufficient to accommodate the mercury volumetric expansion and reduce the pressure rise. Bubble production and detection technologies are developed herein to allow control of the bubble diameter and volume fraction in an opaque liquid metal. This research infers bubble size in the form of a probability density function using dynamic gas delivery pressure and mass flow, and passive acoustic emissions at bubble birth, for a single orifice bubbler. Terminal rise velocities are also measured and used to infer bubble diameter. The gas volume fraction is inferred from the acoustic sound speed using the so-called low frequency Wood’s Limit model for sound speed in a bubbly media.

With the advent of the large diameter tunnel boring machine (TBM), mechanically driven large diameter tunnel is becoming a more attractive option. During operation, a large diameter tube allows for stacked deck configuration with shafts dropped to platform level (no station caverns). The extensive information has been compiled on innovative TBM tunneling projects such as the Barcelona Line 9, where the concept of continuous station has been used for the first time, stormwater management and roadway tunnel in Malaysia, where the floodwater bypass tunnel and the road tunnel are incorporated in a single bore tunnel. The decision making process that led to the construction of large bore tunnel is also presented. A detailed study has been carried out to determine the necessary face support pressure in drained conditions (with ideal membrane), and undrained conditions. The effects of tunnel diameter, cover-to-diameter ratio, at-rest lateral earth pressure coefficient, and soil shear strength parameters on the local and global stability of the excavation face of mechanically-driven tunnels have been investigated. The relation between the face support pressure and the calculated tunnel face displacement gave the minimum face support pressure that should be applied on the tunnel face to avoid abrupt movement of the tunnel face. Simple expressions have been developed for the support pressure as a function of tunnel diameter, cover depth, lateral earth pressure coefficient, and soil strength parameters. The required face support pressures are compared to the analytical solutions available from the literature. It has been found that analytical stability solutions generally underestimate the required face support pressure and excessive deformation will take place in the ground near the tunnel heading when these solutions are used. By using plastic limit analysis, a rigid and deformable prism-and-wedge model has been developed; in undrained conditions, upper bound solutions against collapse load are derived for face pressure. Deformable blocks enabled to take into account the effect of non-uniform support pressure due to the unit weight of the supporting medium. The upper bound solution derived as a function of tunnel diameter and cover depth, normalized undrained shear strength ratio, and unit weight of the ground and the supporting medium was compared with a solution available from the literature. Largest face support pressure was obtained when the uniform face support pressure was applied and it was smallest when identical unit weight was used for the ground and the supporting medium. / text

No description available.

Feedlot performance, carcass merit and chemical composition were compared using Waguli , Brangus, Hereford x Tuli and Wagyu x Crossbred Gene Combination (CGC) breeds. Steers were penned in the following manner: 6 Waguli steers, 6 Hereford x Tuli, 6 Wagyu x CGC and 8 Brangus. There was a significant difference (P<0.05) between Brangus and Waguli for ADGs. F:G was lower (P<0.05) for Hereford x Tuli compared to the other crossbreeds. A heavier final weight was observed (P<0.05) for the Wagyu x CGC than all other crossbreds. There was a significant difference (P<0.05) for REA between Wagyu x CGC and Hereford x Tuli and Waguli. Wagyu x CGC had higher shear force values (SFV) (P<0.05) than all other crossbreeds. Cost of gain was lower (P<0.05) for Hereford x Tuli compared the other breeds. Hereford x Tuli also had less protein (P<0.05) than to the other breeds.A second study was conducted comparing limit feeding (LF) vs. full feeding (FF) strategies. 23 steers and 27 heifers were penned by sex and were randomly assigned a treatment; 4 pens received the LF treatment and 4 were FF. ADG was lower (P<0.05) for LF and FF heifers compared to both LF and FF steers. Dressing percentage was lower (P<0.05) for LF steers compared to LF and FF Heifers. LF heifers YG was higher (P<0.05) compared to FF steers. Quality grades were higher (P<0.05) for LF and FF heifers compared to LF and FF steers. REA /cwt was significantly higher (P<0.05) for FF heifers compared to LF and FF steers. SFV were11lower (P<0.05) for FF heifers compared to LF and FF steers. A significant difference (P<0.05) in cost of gain was noted between LF steers and the rest, also between LF heifers and FF steers. Primal cut price/cwt was significantly lower (P<0.05) for LF heifers compared to FF steers. Lipid percentage was higher (P<0.05) LF heifers compared to FF steers. Moisture percentage was lower (P<0.05) for LF heifer compared to the other groups.

This PhD thesis consists of a summary and four papers which deal with stochastic approximation algorithms and first-passage percolation. Paper I deals with the a.s. limiting properties of bounded stochastic approximation algorithms in relation to the equilibrium points of the drift function. Applications are given to some generalized Pólya urn processes. Paper II continues the work of Paper I and investigates under what circumstances one gets asymptotic normality from a properly scaled algorithm. The algorithms are shown to converge in some other circumstances, although the limiting distribution is not identified. Paper III deals with the asymptotic speed of first-passage percolation on a graph called the ladder when the times associated to the edges are independent, exponentially distributed with the same intensity. Paper IV generalizes the work of Paper III in allowing more edges in the graph as well as not having all intensities equal.

No description available.

Šiame magistriniame darbe yra nagrinėjami nepriklausomi vienodai pasiskirstę atsitiktiniai dydžiai, turintys visus absoliutinius baigtinius momentus. Magistrinio darbo tikslas - atlikti konvergavimo greičio į normalųjį dėsnį įvertinimą. Darbą sudaro aštuoni skyriai. Įvade aprašoma problema ir visi tyrimo parametrai. Antrasis skyrius skirtas teoriniai analizei. Šiame skyriuje pateikiamos svarbiausios teorinės žinios ir metodai, kurie bus taikomi magistrinio darbo uždaviniams bei tikslams įgyvendinti. Trečiame skyriuje nagrinėjami kumuliantai Bernulio schemos atveju, o ketvirtame - analizuojamas Čebyšovo asimptotinis skleidinys ir pasinaudojus matematiniu paketu Maple, grafiniu būdu, tyrinėjamas jo konvergavimas. Aproksimacijos normaliuoju dėsniu tikslumui įvertinti naudojamas charakteristinių funkcijų metodas, todėl penktasis skyrius yra skiriamas suglodinimo nelygybių patikslinimui. Šeštame skyriuje, pasinaudojus turimais rezultatais, realizuojamas magistrinio darbo tikslas, o septintame - patikrinamas absoliutinės paklaidos įvertis Bernulio schemos atveju. Išvados ir rezultatai glaustai išdėstomi aštuntame skyriuje. / This master thesis considers independiant and identically distributed random variables, having absolute finite moments. The main task is to determine error estimate of the normal approximation. The work consists of eight chapters. In the introduction are considered problems and all subjects of research. The second chapter is designed for the theory analysis. Here are placed the main theoretical studies and methods that are used to solve the aims of the master thesis. The third chapter is intended to deal with cumulants in case of the Bernoulli’s distribution, the fourth one - is analyzing the Čebyšova’s asymptotic expansion and it convergence with the help of the mathematical package Maple. The method of characteristic’s functions is used to find the remainder term of the normal approximation, so the fifth chapter is designed to specify smoothing inequalities. Based on these results, the main task of the master thesis was obtained and specified in the sixth chapter. In the seventh one the error estimate in case of Bernoulli’s distribution, was examined with a mathematical package Maple. The short conclusions and results are placed in the eighth chapter.

In the thesis, the joint universality of periodic Hurwitz zeta-functions as well as that jointly with the Riemann zeta-functions of normalized cusp forms is obtained. / Darbe yra įrodomas jungtinis universalumas periodinėms Hurvico dzeta funkcijoms, taip pat bendras universalumas su Rymano dzeta funkcija ir normuotų parabolinių formų dzeta funkcija.

Darbe yra įrodomas jungtinis universalumas periodinėms Hurvico dzeta funkcijoms, taip pat bendras universalumas su Rymano dzeta funkcija ir normuotų parabolinių formų dzeta funkcija. / In the thesis, the joint universality of periodic Hurwitz zeta-functions as well as that jointly with the Riemann zeta-function or zeta functions of normalized cusp forms is obtained.

<p>This study firstly reports the development, characterisation, and application of thick-film acetylcholinesterase (AChE) biosensors based on a gold electrode modified with a mercaptobenzothiazole (MBT) self-assembled monolayer and either poly(omethoxyaniline) (POMA) or poly(2,5-dimethoxyaniline) (PDMA) in the presence of polystyrene(4-sulphonic acid) (PSSA). The Au/MBT/POMA-PSSA/AChE and Au/MBT/PDMA-PSSA/AChE biosensors were then applied to successfully detect standard organophosphorous and carbamate pesticides in a 0.1 M phosphate buffer, 0.1 M KCl (pH 7.2) solution. Secondly, it reports the construction of the Au/MBT/PANI/AChE/PVAc thick-film biosensor for the determination of certain organophosphate and carbamate pesticide solutions in selected aqueous organic solvent solutions.</p>