Este trabalho apresenta um estudo de confiabilidade e manutenção em sistemas de expedição de produtos de mineração. O estudo envolveu o desenvolvimento e aplicação de um simulador que permite prever (e utilizar) janelas de oportunidade para manutenção. O simulador foi desenvolvido considerando o caso da mina de Carajás no Pará, uma das maiores do país. Para tal, foi elaborado um modelo heurístico para prever as janelas de oportunidade, de forma a capturá-las para atividades de manutenção. Esse modelo foi baseado em conhecimentos prévios do pesquisador sobre o problema e estudo da lógica de operação do sistema, dando origem a um aplicativo que foi nomeado Mosaico de Simulação da Expedição. Apoiado no modelo desenvolvido e nos resultados de um grupo focado com lideranças e especialistas com experiência técnica no assunto, foram estabelecidas novas diretrizes e procedimentos de manutenção, buscando otimizar o aproveitamento das oportunidades e, consequentemente, melhorar o desempenho do sistema em estudo. O trabalho foi dividido em três etapas principais, sendo: (i) Proposição de um modelo para previsão de janelas de oportunidade para sistemas de expedição para produtos de mineração, adequado ao caso da mina de Carajás; (ii) Estabelecimento de uma proposta de estrutura e rotina da manutenção necessária para aproveitar a previsão mais precisa das janelas de oportunidade de intervenção. e (iii) Aplicação do modelo em estudo junto ao sistema real de expedição na mina de Carajás, visando avaliação e aprimoramento do mesmo. Os resultados iniciais obtidos com a aplicação da sistemática desenvolvida indicaram um aumento de 15,9% no MTBF em comparação com a média dos valores apurados do trimestre anterior à aplicação do estudo. Estima-se que este incremento proporcionou um aumento de 422 toneladas/dia no Volume de Minério Expedido na mina de Carajás no Pará, usando a mesma base de comparação. A partir desta estimativa, e considerando que todas as condições, recursos, estrutura operacional, preços e demanda por minério de ferro à qual o estudo foi aplicado sejam mantidas, pode-se aferir um ganho de faturamento mensal de US$ 1,04 milhões, totalizando US$ 10,7 milhões em um ano. Ganhos maiores podem ser esperados à medida em que a equipe de manutenção obtenha maior experiência no uso da sistemática proposta. / This work presents a reliability study of maintenance in expedition systems for mining products. The study involved the development and implementation of a simulator that can predict (and use) windows of opportunity for maintenance activities. The simulator was developed considering the case of the Carajas mine in Pará, one of the largest in the country. For such system, a heuristic model for predicting the windows of opportunity in order to capture them for maintenance activities was design through the application of a simulator. This model was based on the researcher's prior knowledge about the problem and operation logic of the system, resulting in an applet called Expedition Mosaic Simulator. New guidelines and maintenance procedures have been established, supported in the simulator and a focus group development that included leaders and specialists with expertise in the subject. The main objetctive was optimize the opportunities and consequently improve the performance of the system under study. The work was divided into three main stages, namely: (i) Proposal of a model to predict the windows of opportunity for maintenance activities in the expedition systems for mining products, appropriate to the case of Carajás mine; (ii) Establishment of a proposal for maintenance structure and routine required to capture the most accurate forecast of windows of opportunity, and (iii) Application of the model at the actual expedition system in the Carajás mine, aiming to evaluate and improve it. Initial results obtained by applying the developed systematic indicated an increase of 15.9% in the MTBF value compared to the average values from the previous quarter to the implementation of the study. It is estimated that this results had also increased the Volume Loaded in Carajas mine in Pará in 422 tonnes / day of iron ore, using the same basis of comparison. Based on this estimative, and considering that all the conditions, resources, operational structure, prices and demand for iron ore at which the study has been applied are kept, a gain of US$ 1.04 million in monthly sales might be infered, thus totaling US$ 10.7 million in one year. Further gains can be expected as the maintenance team get experienced in the use of systematic proposed.

A gestão da manutenção de uma edificação tem influência direta em seu desempenho, ou seja, em sua duração, seus impactos e seu consumo de recursos como água e energia. O planejamento, a facilidade e demanda de execução dos serviços de manutenção, assim como a transparência para os usuários das necessidades, prazos e procedimentos de manutenção são de fundamental importância para a qualidade e sustentabilidade dos edifícios. O processo de gestão da manutenção de uma edificação tem início ainda nas etapas iniciais de projeto do empreendimento, quando tomadas de decisões que considerem fatores de manutenção fornecem subsídios para elaboração de projetos da manutenção mais eficazes e de menor impacto social, ambiental e econômico, tem continuidade durante a etapa de construção quando se deve primar pela qualidade e continua durante a etapa de operação, uso e manutenção. Particularmente em empreendimentos de habitação de interesse social, a geração de subsídios, a consideração de fatores de manutenção, o planejamento da manutenção, da maneira como operacionalizá-la, são fatores determinantes para conservação de edificações, além de contribuir com a luta contra o déficit habitacional, buscando empreendimentos de melhor qualidade, com maiores graus de manutenibilidade e conseqüentemente tarifas condominiais e consumo de recursos reduzidos. Neste contexto, esta pesquisa tem como objetivo contribuir com o processo de gestão da manutenção, a partir de um levantamento feito através do ponto de vista das empresas administradoras de empreendimentos PAR do estado de São Paulo, abordando o tratamento dispensado à manutenção a partir da fase de uso e operação, identificando requisitos para elaboração de diretrizes que contribuam com a operacionalização da manutenção. / A building maintenance management has direct influence on its performance, ie, its duration, its impacts and its resources consumption as water and energy. The planning, execution ease and demand of maintenance services as well as transparency of needs, deadlines and maintenance procedures for the users are essential to the quality and sustainability of buildings. The process of a building maintenance management begins in the early stages of a building design, when making decisions considering maintenance aspects provides subsides for more effective designs with less social, environmental and economic impacts. This process continues during the construction stage when it is necessary to strive for quality, maintaining this line of reasoning during the operation, use and maintenance phase. Particularly in housing projects, generating subsides, considering maintenance factors, maintenance planning and the means to operate it are determining factors for building maintenance, thus it contributes to combating the housing shortage seeking buildings of better quality, with greater degrees of maintainability and condominium prices and therefore reduced resource consumption. Thus, this research aims to contribute to the maintenance management process, starting from a survey done by the point of view of companies that manage PAR housing projects of the state of São Paulo, addressing the treatment given to the operation, use and maintenance phase, identifying requirements for guidelines developing to contribute to the maintenance operation and management.

Today's successful manufacturing organisations require a significant competitive advantage, hence the need to implement and develop a Total Productive Maintenance (TPM) strategy. This research paper addresses the impact of TPM on manufacturing performance at the Colt production facility (DCSA). A literature survey was undertaken into the elements and benefits of TPM. Questionaires were also sent to all levels of people at the Colt production facility for their views on TPM and the impact, they believe, it has had on manufacturing performance. In conclusion, this research paper has also led to the development of recommendations to improve TPM activities at the Colt production facility. From the research, it was shown that top management support for TPM activities is needed and that training is an essential factor for TPM's success in improving manufacturing performance.

Continuous delivery (CD) is a software engineering approach where the focus lays on creating a short delivery cycle by automating parts of the deployment pipeline which includes build, deploy-, test and release process. CD is based on that during development should be possible to always automatically generate a release based on the source code in its current state. One of CD's many advantages is that through continuous releases it allows you to get a quick feedback loop leading to faster and more efficient implementation of new functions, at the same time fixing errors. Although CD has many advantages, there are also several challenges a maintenance management project must manage in the transition to CD. These challenges may differ depending on the maturity level for a maintenance management project and what strengths and weaknesses the project has. Our research question was: "What challenges can a maintenance management project face in transition to Continuous delivery?" The purpose of this study is to describe Continuous delivery and the challenges a maintenance management project may face during a transition to Continuous delivery. A descriptive case study has been carried out with the data collection methods of interviews and documents. A situation analysis was created based on the collected data in a shape of a process model that represent the maintenance management projects release process. The processmodel was used as the basis of SWOT analysis and analysis by Rehn et al's Maturity Model. From these analyzes we found challenges of a maintenance management project may face in the transition to CD. The challenges are about customers and the management's attitude towards a transition to CD. But the biggest challenge is about automation of the deployment pipeline steps. / Continuous Delivery (CD) är en metod inom systemutveckling där fokus ligger på att skapa en kort leveranscykel genom att automatisera delar av deployment pipeline vilket innehåller bygg-, deploy-, test- och releaseprocessen. CD bygger på att det alltid under pågående utveckling skall vara möjligt att automatiskt generera en release utifrån källkoden i dess aktuella tillstånd. En av CD’s många fördelar är att man genom kontinuerliga releaser får en snabb feedbackloop vilket leder till snabbare och effektivare införande av nya funktioner, samtidigt som man åtgärdar fel. Även om CD har många fördelar finns det också flera utmaningar ett förvaltningsuppdrag måste hantera vid en övergång till CD. Dessa utmaningar kan skilja sig beroende på vilken mognadsnivå ett förvaltningsuppdrag befinner sig i och vilka styrkor och svagheter uppdraget har. Vår frågeställning har varit: "Vilka utmaningar kan ett förvaltningsuppdrag stå inför vid en övergång till Continuous Delivery?" Syftet med denna studie är att få en ökad förståelse för Continuous Delivery samt vilka utmaningar förvaltningsuppdrag kan stå inför vid en övergång till Continuous Delivery. En beskrivande fallstudie har genomförts med datainsamlingsmetoderna intervjuer och dokument. Av insamlad data skapades en nulägesanalys i form av en processmodell över förvaltningsuppdragens releaseprocess. Den har använts som grund för en SWOT- analys och en analys med hjälp Rehn mfl’s Maturity model. I från dessa analyser kom vi fram till utmaningar ett förvaltningsuppdrag kan stå inför vid en övergång till CD. Utmaningarna handlar dels om kunder och ledningens inställningar inför en övergång till CD. Men den största utmaningen gäller automatisering av delarna i deployment pipeline.

M.Ing. / Companies are seeking innovative ways of enhancing their competitiveness in their markets. Currently, one of the ways used to improve competitiveness by companies in a process environment is to implement an Enterprise Resource Planning system. An Enterprise Resource Planning system is a software system that automates and integrates data and information captured in an organisation. An analysis of the impact of implementing a maintenance management system depends on a number of factors that may include capabilities of chosen system, effective application and ownership of the system by those who use it. Central to implementation of a maintenance system is the maintenance philosophy adopted by an organisation, information system in place, availability of skilled maintenance personnel and execution of developed maintenance program. The implementation process itself also has a bearing on acceptance of the system by those who are supposed to use it. A review of literature on these important factors and on development of an Enterprise Resource Planning system was conducted to show influence each factor has in making maintenance activities effective. To determine the impact of implementing an Enterprise Resource Planning system in a process environment a case study on a company that has recently implemented such a system was conducted. From this case study recommendations on a number of issues were made.

M.Phil. (Mechanical Engineering) / The coal mining industry plays a major role in the global economy. Coal is required for the provision of primary energy needs, generation of electricity and production of steel. Hence, there is a high demand of coal worldwide. For the continuous supply of coal, mining equipment should be in good working conditions and the maintenance teams should be highly equipped and motivated to perform their maintenance activities ...

This treatise investigates the underlying factors that are hindering the improvement of Overall Equipment Effectiveness at the Ford Struandale Engine Plant. In January of 2008 the Ford Motor Company announced plans to invest more than R1.5 billion to expand operations for the production of Ford's next-generation compact pickup truck and the PUMA diesel engine. Ford will use the investment to expand operations both in Silverton for the production of 75 000 units of a new bakkie and in Port Elizabeth for 220 000 units of its new-generation PUMA diesel engines (http://www.autoblog.com /2008/01/31/ford-to-invest-209m-in-south-africa-for-new-ranger-pickup/). Only five Ford plants globally will be producing the PUMA engine (Turkey, UK, Thailand, Argentina and South Africa – Ford Struandale Engine Plant). The Ford Struandale Engine Plant will be the only plant which will have the I4 assembly, I5 assembly and 3C (Crank, Cylinder Block, and Cylinder Head) machining and the expectations of operating in a lean environment is high. The management team at the Ford Struandale Engine Plant needs to understand what the underlying factors that are hindering the improvement of Overall Equipment Effectiveness of the plant or, in other words, they need to be informed of the total benefits of TPM. A literature review was conducted to determine what the theory reveals about Overall Equipment Effectiveness, the three factors of OEE (Availability, Performance Efficiency, and Quality), the influence of Six Big Losses on each of the factors and the role of Total Productive Maintenance in improving OEE by eliminating these Six Big Losses. A Ford literature study was conducted to reveal the current literature being applied at Ford. This was then followed by an empirical survey conducted within the Ford Struandale Engine Plant. In addition, a task team formed to analyse the current maintenance operating strategy. Finally, the findings from discussions with the task team, the empirical survey, Ford Struandale Engine Plant literature survey and a general literature survey were amalgamated to draw conclusions relating to the Ford Struandale Engine Plant. These conclusions indicate what the underlying factors are that are hindering the improvement of Overall Equipment Effectiveness of the Ford Struandale Engine Plant facilities and equipment. Then recommendations are made as to how the Ford Struandale Engine Plant can improve the Overall Equipment Effectiveness of its facilities and equipment.

The methodology and the processes that are followed in the maintenance of government-operated district hospitals in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa are outlined while the strategies that are employed to roll-out the maintenance plan have been investigated. The challenges in managing hospital maintenance are identified so that it can be improved and advice be given on the strategies currently being used. The objectives of the research were to determine the effectiveness of machinery maintenance in government-operated district hospitals. The study has been carried out by investigating 50 district hospitals within the Eastern Cape Province, with the aim of obtaining knowledge of practices in relation to the strategic plans and best practices in the maintenance industry. The following factors identified by the maintenance staff were found to be most important in maintenance management practices; realistic budgets, adherence to occupational health and safety regulations, engagement of qualified and skilled maintenance staff, good record management in relation to the equipment under maintenance, availability of tools and materials and keeping abreast with the latest technologies and trends of machinery advancement. The study also revealed that the majority of the hospitals use a combination of in-house and outsourced personnel during maintenance, the outsourced part being under contract from the National Department of Public Works Repair and Maintenance Plan (RAMP) projects. Service kits and recommended replacement parts for machinery are rarely stocked on the hospital premises while only minor spare parts that include replacement bulbs, electrical fittings, plumbing fittings and paint are readily available. In addition, the maintenance staff members have little or no input in maintenance budgeting, this aspect is controlled by hospital management. For maintenance to be effective, strategic planning that takes into account carefully thought-out maintenance management systems is the first step in the direction of setting out definite tangible objectives and goals. The real challenge lies in the implementation and sustainability of the maintenance management system and the monitoring thereof.

Nesta dissertação é apresentada a análise, desenvolvimento e aplicação de ferramentas para melhoria no sistema de gestão da manutenção de subestações do sistema elétrico de uma empresa do ramo de bebidas composta por algumas dezenas de plantas que trabalham em regime ininterrupto. O sistema de gestão da manutenção aplicado nesta empresa é condizente com o que sugere a literatura e apresenta resultados satisfatórios em vários setores. No entanto, pode-se constatar algumas dificuldades e fatores negativos na gestão do sistema elétrico da empresa, que funciona em três turnos. As limitações impostas ao sistema de gestão da manutenção comprometem sua eficiência gerando um nível indesejado de indisponibilidade por energia elétrica. A manutenção preventiva é realizada em paradas de fabricas de tempo reduzido. A localização geográfica bem como a extensão do sistema elétrico das plantas impõe que sejam contratadas diversas empresas para realizar estas manutenções. Esta diversidade traz grande dificuldade no tratamento dos dados de ensaios e de anomalias detectadas e apresentados nos relatórios de manutenção. O objetivo principal desta dissertação é apresentar uma análise crítica do sistema atual de gestão da manutenção das subestações do setor elétrico e uma proposta para melhorar este sistema de gestão quanto à sua aplicação no setor elétrico. Esta proposta se baseia na correção das distorções no índice de indisponibilidade e em uma ferramenta para aperfeiçoar o tratamento das informações resultantes da manutenção preventiva para sua utilização tanto no monitoramento do sistema quanto para embasar o processo decisório de priorização das manutenções corretivas e de investimento. O trabalho apresenta ainda o emprego dos conceitos que fundamentam a ferramenta proposta antes da aplicação da mesma e os impactos em indisponibilidade resultantes da aplicação destes conceitos. / This work presents the analysis, development and application of tools to improve the electrical substations maintenance management system of a beverage company composed of dozens of plants working continuously. The maintenance management system used in this company is consistent with what the literature suggests and provides satisfactory results in various sectors. However, we can notice some difficulties and negative factors in managing the electrical system of the company, which operates in three shifts. The limitations imposed on the maintenance management system compromise their efficiency generating an undesirable level of electrical power unavailability. Preventive maintenance is carried out in short time factory interruptions. The geographical location and the extent of the electrical system of the plants requires several companies to be hired to perform these maintenances. This diversity brings great difficulty in the treatment of tests and deficiencies data presented in the reports. The main objective of this dissertation is to present a critical analysis of the current substations maintenance management system in the electrical sector and a proposal to improve the management system in its application in the electrical sector. This proposal is based on correcting the distortions in the unavailability index and a tool to enhance the processing of information resulting from preventive maintenance to be used both for monitoring the system and to support the decision making process of prioritization of corrective maintenance and investment. The paper also describes the use of the concepts on which the proposed tool is based before implementation and impact on unavailability resulting from the application of these concepts.

En el presente trabajo de investigación se hace un estudio de la problemática de una empresa del rubro químico, la cual cuenta con un proceso básico y empírico de mantenimiento, en el que no se aplica planificación . Este proceso es muy importante ya que es un proceso de apoyo al proceso central. Debido a ello se propone la implementación de un sistema de gestión de mantenim iento, utilizando la filosofía del TPM (mantenimiento productivo total). En el primer capítulo se realiza un marco teórico, en el cual se desarrollan conceptos concisos de sistemas de gestión de mantenimiento, e strategias en la cual se desarrollan los conceptos de los tipos de mantenimientos, ciclos de vida de los equipos y fallas. Asimismo, indica que se hace énfasis en conceptos desarrollos e implementación del TPM, basados en libros, publicac iones de revisitas, papers, etc. En el segundo capítulo se describe el estado actual de la empresa en la cual se desarrolla la investigación, observando la misión, visión y valores de la misma. Asimismo, de acuerdo a herramientas de ingeniería, cómo histogramas, diagramas causa – efecto, Pareto se pueden encontrar las posi bles causas del problema final. En el capítulo 3 se desarrolla la metodología de solución al problema encontrado en el capítulo previo, definiendo el panorama de la tesis según la metodología a trabajar, el desarrollo de las actividades, teniendo presente los recursos y definir como optimizar los mismos utilizando aspectos de tecnología e innovación, con el fin de ser más productivos en el proyecto en curso. Asimismo, se revisarán los resultados de los análisis, actividades, recursos propuestos, para validar el desarrollo de la tesis se deben simular los resultados haciendo las comparaciones del antes y el después de la mejora, utilizando un software simulador; lo cual se deberá reflejar la mejora propuesta en costos, es decir impacto económico. Por último, se realizarán las recomendaciones y conclusiones del estudio realizado, de acuerdo los objetivos planteados. / In this thesis a study is made of the problem of a company in the chemical field, in which they only have an empirical basic maintenance area, in which optimal maintenance controls are not carried out, which is reflected in costs and low productivity. Due to this, the implementation of a maintenance management system is proposed, using the philosophy of TPM (total productive maintenance). In the first chapter a theoretical framework is made, in which concise concepts of maintenance management systems are developed, strategies in which the concepts of maintenance types, equipment life cycles and failures are developed. It also indicates that emphasis is placed on concepts of development and implementation of the TPM, based on books, magazine publications, papers, etc. The second chapter describes the current state of the company in which the research is carried out, observing its mission, vision and values. Also, according to engineering tools, how histograms, cause - effect diagrams, Pareto can find the possible causes of the final problem. In chapter 3 the methodology for solving the problem found in the previous chapter is developed, defining the thesis panorama according to the methodology to be worked, the development of the activities, taking into account the resources and defining how to optimize them using aspects of technology and innovation, in order to be more productive in the ongoing project. Likewise, the results of the analysis, activities, proposed resources will be reviewed, to validate the development of the thesis, the results must be simulated by making comparisons of the before and after the improvement, using a simulator software; This should reflect the proposed improvement in costs, that is, economic impact. Finally, the recommendations and conclusions of the study will be carried out, according to the objectives set. / Trabajo de Suficiencia Profesional