In 1923 the Oregon Agricultural College began broadcasting market information and weather reports to farmers in the Willamette Valley. By 1958 the programming had expanded to include everything from symphonies to lectures in psychology. This thesis poses the following questions: How did the producers and funders of Station KOAC understand the medium’s potential to reach spaces they believed were isolated from the promise of modernity? What were the values that the state prioritized through its funding of Station KOAC? How did listeners understand and experience KOAC? Based on archival research, I argue that the station was recruited to welcome rural and domestic listeners into modernity and simultaneously task them with the maintenance of traditional institutions on which the state relied. However it also brought information and companionship to listeners, who claimed their own citizenship through state supported radio.

Esta tese de doutorado tem como objeto de pesquisa o cenário de crise que envolve o desenvolvimento da arquitetura, do urbanismo e do planejamento urbano no Brasil no período compreendido entre a segunda metade do século XX e os primeiros anos do século XXI. Essa constatação se originou na análise das contradições entre os objetivos vislumbrados pela Arquitetura Moderna Brasileira, escola que definiria os rumos dessa produção e seus resultados. Um dos principais pontos de seu programa central foi a defesa da emancipação do homem, através da transformação de seu espaço. No entanto, sua produção passaria a expressar limites críticos a partir do momento em que as características assumidas pelo processo de modernização brasileiro, resultantes de sua forma de desenvolvimento no atual estágio do capitalismo, inviabilizaria a emancipação desejada e produziria cidades marcadas pela precariedade material e social. A hipótese central desenvolvida nesta tese trata das relações entre o caráter crítico - no sentido de se manifestar como uma situação perene de crise - da produção de arquitetura, urbanismo e planejamento urbano no Brasil e a formas particulares de desenvolvimento da crise do processo de modernização no país. / The research subject of this doctoral thesis was the crisis scenario that involves the development of architecture, urbanism and urban planning in Brazil in the period between the second half of the twentieth century and the early years of Century XXI. This finding originated in the analysis of the contradictions between the goals envisioned by the Brazilian Modern Architecture, a school that would define the course of this production, and its results. One of the main points of its central program was the defense of human emancipation through the transformation of its space. However, its production would express critical limits from the time when the characteristics assumed by the modernization of Brazil, resulting from its way of development at the present stage of capitalism, would make the desired emancipation and would have cities marked by material and social precariousness. The central hypothesis developed in this thesis deals with the relations between the critical nature - to manifest itself as a perennial state of crisis - of the architecture, urbanism and urban planning production in Brazil and the particular forms of the modernization crisis development in the country.

Orientador: Lino Castellani Filho / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação Física / Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-11T21:16:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dias_CleberAugustoGoncalves_D.pdf: 14898756 bytes, checksum: e97dc71db4f06e4ebedbebc229b5a935 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / Resumo: O objetivo dessa tese é investigar a história do lazer na natureza. Mais especificamente, pretende-se identificar o período no qual se inicia o processo de formação do hábito de visitar à natureza com finalidades de divertimento, dentro de um espaço social concebido já como relativamente bem demarcado dos momentos de trabalho. Com esse intuito, o estudo esteve circunscrito geograficamente à cidade do Rio de Janeiro e a um período compreendido entre os anos de 1779 e 1838. Nessa época, surgiam na cidade novos modelos de organização dos divertimentos, entre os quais inovadoras atividades de lazer na natureza, tais como passeios, excursões, piqueniques ou fins de semana em casas de campo, que pouco a pouco passavam a configurar entre os hábitos de parte da população carioca. É esse o período também em que se registram iniciativas como a construção do Passeio Público ou o início de excursões às cercanias da Tijuca, ao Corcovado, ao Pão de Açúcar, às ilhas da baía de Guanabara ou a fazendas na Serra dos Órgãos. Cada um desses lugares ou atividades destinava-se, em última instância, a promoção de novos padrões de sociabilidade, afeitos às noções de modernidade e civilidade. A hipótese, portanto, é que o início da formação histórica do lazer na natureza, visto como fenômeno que se processa de maneira gradual, paulatina e cumulativa, remonta aos fins do século XVIII. Como recurso para reconstituição de todo esse processo, a chamada "literatura de viagem" foi a principal fonte utilizada. A ela somam-se imagens de artistas do período, e bem mais ocasionalmente obras literárias e decretos / Abstract: The objective of this thesis is to investigate the history of the leisure in the environment. More specifically, her objective is to identify the period in which beginning the process of formation of habit of visit the nature with amusement purposes, inside of a conceived social space already as demarcated relatively well of the work moments. With this intention, the study was circumscribed geographically to the city of Rio de Janeiro and to period between the years of 1779 and 1838. At this time, new organization models of the amusements appeared in the city, nominated innovative activities of leisure in the environment, such as strolls, excursions, picnics or weekends in field houses, which started to configure as habits of part of the carioca population. This period register also the construction of the Passeio Público or the beginning of excursions to the environs of the Tijuca, the Corcovado, the Pão de Açucar, the islands of the Baía de Guanabara or the farms in the Serra dos Órgãos. These places or activities were destined, in last instance, the promotion of new standards of sociability typically of modernity. The hypothesis, therefore, is that the beginning of the historical formation of the leisure in the environment, seen as processes gradual and cumulative, retraces to the ends of century XVIII. As resource for reconstitution of all this process, the call travel book was the main used source. It adds images of artists of the period, and well more occasionally literature and laws / Doutorado / Educação Fisica e Sociedade / Doutor em Educação Física

O presente estudo parte do impasse em uma experiência formativa no âmbito da licenciatura em filosofia, representado pela questão do outro na educação especial. Para respondê-la, os registros da Modernidade como fato histórico e da Modernidade como experiência subjetiva orientam o argumento. Busca-se, na história das ideias, compreender o surgimento da educação especial a partir da lógica de um mundo partido por uma corrente de dualismos e dicotomias, ocorrendo a principal delas entre o self e o outro. Procura-se refletir sobre como essa problemática se desenvolve no âmbito educacional, intersubjetivo por excelência, mas principalmente naquele nomeado como especial, onde a questão do outro é potencializada. Em resposta ao primado da subjetividade e ao ocultamento do outro estabelecido na Modernidade, é introduzido o tema do reconhecimento. A tese é que o reconhecimento é central nas questões de escolaridade e educação, servindo como lente para contextualizar as perspectivas que engendram e circunscrevem a educação especial – tais como a caritativa, a médica e a político-legal, de viés inclusivo. A pesquisa vincula a questão da alteridade às situações concretas em que ela é vivenciada, com efeitos nos campos da moral, da ética e do agir pedagógico. / This essay has its starting point on the impasse that occurs in an educational experience in the scope of the licentiate in Philosophy – the question of the other in special education. In order to respond to that question, records of Modernity as an historical fact and also as a subjective experience are used to guide the argument. Based on the history of ideas, this essay aims to comprehend the emerging of special education through the logical thought of a world divided by a stream of dualisms and dichotomies – being the main one that between the self and the other. The study seeks to reflect about how that problematic is developed in the educational scope (intersubjective par excellence) and especially in the special education scope, in which the question related to the other is potentialized. Answering the primacy of subjectiveness and to the hiding of the other established in Modernity, the recognition matter is introduced. The thesis is that recognition has a central role in issues related to schooling and education and works as a lens to contextualize the perspectives that engender and circumscribe special education, such as the charitable, the medical and the political perspectives, with inclusive bias. This essay links the alterity matter to the concrete situations in which it is experienced, with effects on the fields of moral, ethics and pedagogical act.

Esta tese de doutorado tem como objeto de pesquisa o cenário de crise que envolve o desenvolvimento da arquitetura, do urbanismo e do planejamento urbano no Brasil no período compreendido entre a segunda metade do século XX e os primeiros anos do século XXI. Essa constatação se originou na análise das contradições entre os objetivos vislumbrados pela Arquitetura Moderna Brasileira, escola que definiria os rumos dessa produção e seus resultados. Um dos principais pontos de seu programa central foi a defesa da emancipação do homem, através da transformação de seu espaço. No entanto, sua produção passaria a expressar limites críticos a partir do momento em que as características assumidas pelo processo de modernização brasileiro, resultantes de sua forma de desenvolvimento no atual estágio do capitalismo, inviabilizaria a emancipação desejada e produziria cidades marcadas pela precariedade material e social. A hipótese central desenvolvida nesta tese trata das relações entre o caráter crítico - no sentido de se manifestar como uma situação perene de crise - da produção de arquitetura, urbanismo e planejamento urbano no Brasil e a formas particulares de desenvolvimento da crise do processo de modernização no país. / The research subject of this doctoral thesis was the crisis scenario that involves the development of architecture, urbanism and urban planning in Brazil in the period between the second half of the twentieth century and the early years of Century XXI. This finding originated in the analysis of the contradictions between the goals envisioned by the Brazilian Modern Architecture, a school that would define the course of this production, and its results. One of the main points of its central program was the defense of human emancipation through the transformation of its space. However, its production would express critical limits from the time when the characteristics assumed by the modernization of Brazil, resulting from its way of development at the present stage of capitalism, would make the desired emancipation and would have cities marked by material and social precariousness. The central hypothesis developed in this thesis deals with the relations between the critical nature - to manifest itself as a perennial state of crisis - of the architecture, urbanism and urban planning production in Brazil and the particular forms of the modernization crisis development in the country.

At the turn of the twentieth century, the modern epistemological framework of science superseded indigenous Chinese knowledge categories as the organizing unit for empirical knowledge about space. By the 1920s, pioneering Chinese intellectuals housed spatial knowledge under the new category of modern geography. While this framework for modern knowledge was rooted in the West, Chinese scholars innovated the discipline in ways that enabled them to consistently attend to fluctuating nation-building imperatives. Using autobiography, memoir, and periodicals produced by early Chinese geographers, this study explores how the intellectual shift toward spatial epistemological modernity facilitated modern China's entrance into the global nation-state system. Modern geographic knowledge ushered in new geopolitical claims and notions of citizenship that would define the new Chinese nation and its position in the world until today. / 2016-10-17

This dissertation focuses on an important Muslim periodical "Pengasoh" and the role it has played in the Muslim ‘reform’ discourses in early 20th century Malaya. The periodical was first published by the Majlis Agama Islam Kelantan (Kelantan’s State Islamic Council) in 1918. Within the context of Malay-Muslim society, Kelantan was, and in some ways remain, a particularly important centre for Islamic culture and learning, attracting teachers and students from across the region. The Majlis itself was established by some of the leading ulama on the Peninsula at the time. Many were educated in the Middle East and had close associations with some of the major Muslim reformists in Egypt and the Haramayn. The standing of the Kelantanese 'ulama' within Malay-Muslim Southeast Asia, and the role of "Pengasoh" within that community meant that the periodical gives a unique glimpse into the world of these intellectual-theocrats. In this sense, the study of “Pengasoh” is a prism which could further our understanding of the dynamics of Islamic intellectual culture in Kelantan – as well as the surrounding region – during the early decades of the 20th century. What this dissertation attempts to show is how the ideational aspects of this community may be better understood if two important factors are taken into account - the linkages throughout the Indian Ocean littoral which form the cultural and religious milieu which shaped the thinking within the Kelantanese ‘ulama’; and how this sits in a wider conversation between "Islam" and "modernity". This moves away from existing studies which sought to clearly demarcate these Islamicate discourses as one between ‘Modernist’ Muslims and their ‘traditionalist’ counterparts.

Henry Black was born in Adelaide in 1858, but arrived in Japan in 1864 after his father became editor of the Japan Herald. In the late 1870s, Henry Black addressed meetings of members of the Freedom and People�s Rights Movement. His talks were inspired by nineteenth-century theories of natural rights. That experience led to his becoming a professional storyteller (rakugoka) affiliated with the San�y� school of storytelling (San�yuha). Black�s storytelling (rakugo) in the 1880s and 1890s was an attempt by the San�y�ha to modernise rakugo. By adapting European sensation fiction, Black blended European and Japanese elements to create hybridised landscapes and characters as blueprints for audiences negotiating changes synonymous with modernity during the Meiji period. The narrations also portrayed the negative impacts of change wrought through emulation of nineteenth-century Britain�s Industrial Revolution. His 1894 adaptation of Oliver Twist or his 1885 adaptation of Mary Braddon�s Flower and Weed, for example, were early warnings about the evils of child labour and the exploitation of women in unregulated textile factories. Black�s kabuki performances parallel politically and artistically inspired attempts to reform kabuki by elevating its status as an art suitable for imperial and foreign patronage. The printing of his narrations in stenographic books (sokkibon) ensured that his ideas reached a wide audience. Because he was not an officially hired foreigner (yatoi), and his narrations have not entered the rakugo canon, Black has largely been forgotten. A study of his role as a mediator of modernity during the 1880s and 1890s shows that he was an agent in the transfer to a mass audience of European ideas associated with modernity, frequently ahead of intellectuals and mainstream literature. An examination of Black�s career helps broaden our knowledge of the role of foreigners and rakugo in shaping modern Japan.

<p>Sverige har under det senaste seklet genomgått stora samhällsprocesser som sekularisering och modernisering. Vi har i denna studie utgått från framför allt Becks teorier om reflexiv modernisering kontra Webers teser om linjär rationalitet för att besvara frågeställningen; Hur har graden av andlighet respektive religiositet ökat respektive minskat under tidsperioden 1870 - 2008 i Västmanland och kan samhällsprocesser som en reflexiv modernisering ha haft betydelse för dessa eventuella förändringar? Urvalet bestod av 600 dödsannonser insamlade från Västmanlands läns tidning och dessa analyserades för att finna uttryck för religiositet och andlighet. Undersökningens resultat visar minskad grad av religiösa referenser i dödsannonser men en ökning av Svagt andliga sådana. Denna studies slutsats ger stöd åt teorier om sekularisering och ger indikationer på en begynnande religiös pluralism.</p>

The aim of this study is to investigate the occupational orientations and choices of young people in rural Crete, a society, which is in constant change as it finds itself caught between tradition and modernity. To achieve this, the study looks into two cases: the case of Anogia, a small mountainous cattle-raising village, and the case of Archanes, which is a farming village on a plain. Both communities are undergoing a process of change due to the influence exerted upon them through the frequent contacts with the ‘outside world’ and the diffusion of modernity in all areas of life. The study expects to shed light on how the young people of these villages experience the transition from tradition to modernity and how this transition influences their choice of occupation. More specifically, the aims of this study are to investigate: A. The occupational orientations and choice of occupation of the young people within the communities of Anogia and Archanes. B. The main contextual factors that contribute to the young people’s occupational orientations and choice of occupation in Anogia and Archanes. The overall approach is a qualitative inquiry consisting of two case studies. The empirical research took place in the field of the communities of Anogia and Archanes, and addresses 29 young people of the villages, so as to gather primary data through semistructured interviews. The age has been defined to be 16 to 25 years old. In order to arrive at the findings, data analysis derived from the Grounded Theory methodological approach was employed (Strauss, 1987). The main findings of the study show that the transitional process from school to work seems to be the most crucial issue for the young people under study, in the process of shaping their occupational orientations and choices. The attitude, either positive or negative, that each one has adopted towards school and education generally and the level of education constitutes the main tool that determines the limitations and the opportunities for job placement. In these small societies, the traditional roles have been overturned as regards the youth and their professional orientations. The majority of young people follow new practices in seeking employment. These characterise the following three types of youth: the stayers, the ambivalent and the leavers.