Thesis abstract The thesis deals with expert discussions on economic criminality in Czechoslovakia during the 1970s and 1980s. The first chapter introduces the issue in the macroeconomic and social context and outlines the dual way in which the practice of illegal enrichment was depicted in contemporary film and TV-series production. The second chapter introduces dominant authoritative discourse and its concept of economic crime as a phenomenon alien to the socialist regime. This view has also been reflected in the legislative adjustment, as well as party and government measures to dispose of the undesirable phenomenon. The following third chapter focuses on contemporary criminology science as an expert community, whose primary focus was on analyzing and proposing measures to address various crime-related problems. The institutional integration of the Research Institute of Criminology, the main platform of criminological research in the state, to the Prosecutor General's Office, and the influence of Marxist science on criminological methodology, reflected the authoritative discourse into professional discussions. The content analysis of twenty selected texts of non- public professional provenance shows in several areas the extent to which the influence of ideology was noticeable and, on the contrary, how...

Notre projet de thèse consiste à étudier la terminologie maritime spécialisée dans deux pays du Moyen-Orient, la Syrie et le Liban. Il retrace l'histoire générale de la terminologie et son rôle dans les pays arabes en général, et en Syrie et au Liban en particulier. Ce travail montre que l'évolution des sciences maritimes a fait émerger beaucoup de nouveaux termes pour désigner les nouvelles réalités et découvertes. Mais les langues ne disposent pas de mêmes outils pour répondre aux défis scientifiques, et l'arabe se montre défaillant face à la prolifération de tous ces nouveaux termes. On discute des problèmes du terme scientifique arabe face à l'avancée des anglicismes dans les domaines scientifiques. La langue arabe crée des mots par des modes de créations lexicales conventionnels, alors que ses termes scientifiques sont majoritairement créés par calque ou traduction d'autres langues comme l'anglais ou le français. La recherche conduite en Syrie et au Liban a permis d'élaborer une comparaison sur l'enseignement des matières scientifiques, et de tirer des conclusions dans le but d'améliorer l'enseignement en Syrie. Dans ce travail, une centaine de fiches terminologiques de termes maritimes sont élaborées pour aider les traducteurs et les terminologues. Nous envisageons de partir de cette recherche pour préparer notre futur projet, un glossaire maritime trilingue (français, anglais, arabe) qui englobe les différents termes des activités maritimes. / Our thesis project is to study maritime specialized terminology in two countries of the Middle East, Syria and Lebanon. It traces the general history of the language and its role in the Arab countries in general and in Syria and Lebanon in particular. This work shows that the evolution of marine sciences has given rise to many new words for the new realities and discoveries. But languages do not have the same tools to meet the scientific challenges, and Arabic shows failed facing the proliferation of all these new terms. It discusses the problems of the Arab scientific term deal with the advance of anglicisms in scientific fields. Arabic creates words by conventional modes of lexical creations, while its scientific terms are mostly created by layer or translation of other languages such as English or French. Research in Syria and Lebanon helped develop a comparison on the teaching of science subjects, and draw conclusions in order to improve education in Syria. In this work, a hundred of terminology records of maritime terms are designed to help translators and terminologists. We have the idea of taking ground on this research to prepare our future project, a trilingual maritime glossary (English, French, Arabic) that encompasses the different terms of maritime activities.

The thesis tries to process a topic of bodybuilding phenomenon in the wider context of the ideal body formation in modern age. Bodybuilding is understood as a specific socio-cultural phenomenon closely tied to a modern society and its historical development. Beyond the bodybuilding the work also deals with an analysis of the contemporary social body theory with focus on the domestic discourse and subsequently also with an analysis of discursive formation modern physicality from the Enlightenment till the 20th century. The main focus is put on the understanding of changes characteristic for the modern society in context of the modernisation project continuity. The objective is to describe a history of bodybuilding within the outlined process of modernization, as well as to compare various alternative conception of the ideal of physicality in the "Fordism Modernity", where a special attention is focused on the analysis of bio political discourse in Communist dictatorship. The remaining part processes a historical development of the bodybuilding movement in Czechoslovakia, where the main emphasis is put on placing the Czechoslovakia bodybuilding into the postulated concept, including individual historical events. Key words: Social history; Bodybuilding; Social Theory; History of the Body; Subculture;...

The paper explores intratextual multilingualism in A Clockwork Orange (ACO) by Anthony Burgess, and in two of its translations - into Czech and German. It analyses 180 words from Nadsat - the invented language in ACO - to reveal how lexical creativity is manifested in translation, i.e. whether and how lexical creativity that is present in the original text is changed in the translations. Changes in lexical creativity are linked to normalisation (a translation universal), and to the functions of the invented language. An existing classification of forms and functions of intratextual multilingualism is applied to invented languages and, in particular, to Nadsat. The analysis of Nadsat and its counterparts in the translations is quantitative, and is conducted using the concordancers AntConc and ParaConc. It examines the frequency of Nadsat words, their distribution throughout the text, and the way their meaning is conveyed to the reader. These data are then used in the comparison of Nadsat and the invented languages that replace it in the Czech and the German translations. The analysis shows that in both translations the number of invented lemmas is lower than in the original, and that in the German translation (UO) the number is significantly lower compared to the Czech translation (MP). In total, MP...

The aim of this thesis is to analyse the representation of the normalisation era as drawn in contemporary Czech literature after 1989. The thesis is based on reminiscent fiction about childhood and youth in the socialist era, dealing with so-called small history - family memories, depiction of childhood, youth and teenage years. This thesis deals with the typical codes for recalling the socialist era, identifies what is recalled and how, and examines what influences remembering of childhood and youth in the era.

Bakgrund: Konsumtionen av alkohol har i stort minskat i hela västvärlden, denna nedåtgående trend är extra tydlig bland ungdomar. Fler och fler ungdomar konsumerar mindre och många väljer att helt avstå från att konsumera alkohol. Denna trend är förstås positiv på många sätt men väcker även frågor om hur och varför denna trend uppkommit. Samtidigt som konsumtionen av alkohol har minskat har studier visats att vissa former av narkotika blir vanligare och har därmed skapat teorin om ett eventuellt samband. Syfte: Syftet med denna studie är att analysera ungdomars minskade alkoholkonsumtion och koppla detta till eventuell ökning eller minskning i brukandet av narkotika bland de som inte konsumerar, konsumerar måttligt samt de som konsumerar mycket alkohol. Metod: Studiepopulationen består av 71 852 ungdomar i åldern 15-16 år från hela Sverige. Studien är en upprepad tvärsnittsstudie med data från åren 2001 till 2014. Den insamlade data analyseras med hjälp av flera logistiska regressioner. Resultat: Resultatet visar att de ungdomar som inte konsumerar alkohol inte använder narkotika eller cannabis i större utsträckning, de som konsumerar måttligt och konsumerar mycket använder dock narkotika och cannabis i större utsträckning. Slutsats: Sambandet mellan narkotika- och cannabisanvändandet och de ungdomar som konsumerar måttligt och mycket kan stärkas. Normalitetsprincipens hypotes att vid tider med låg totalkonsumtion av alkohol är det de som konsumerar mycket som använder narkotika och cannabis stärks av resultatet. / Background: Consumption of alcohol has declined substantially throughout the western world, this downward trend is extra clear among adolescents. More and more adolescents drink less and many choose to completely refrain from consuming alcohol. This trend is of course positive in many ways but also raises questions about how and why this trend has arisen. While alcohol consumption has decreased, studies have shown that certain forms of drugs are common and have thus created the theory of a possible connection. Aims: The purpose of this study is to analyze adolescents reduced alcohol consumption and link this to any increase or decrease in the use of narcotics among those who do not drink, drink moderately, and those who drink a lot. Methods: The study population consists of 71 852 adolescents aged 15-16 years from all over Sweden. The study is a repeated cross-sectional study with data from 2001 to 2014. The collected data is analyzed using multiple logistic regressions as well as an interaction regression. Results: The results show that the non-drinking adolescents do not use drugs or cannabis to a greater extent, but those who drink moderately and drink a lot, use narcotics as well as cannabis in greater extent. Conclusions: The relationship between narcotics/cannabis use and the adolescents who drink moderately and heavy can be strengthened. The results are consistent with the principle of normality which shows that at times with low total consumption of alcohol the heavy consumers of alcohol use more narcotics and cannabis.

Thesis "Media coverage of band Dog Soldiers (Psí vojáci) between years 1979 and 2013" shows the change of cultural environment as well as the differences between the normalization press and the magazines after 1989. Diversity of media system describes work primarily through oral history research based on testimonies of direct history participants and people associated with the group Dog Soldiers and alternative music scene. Band was situated between underground and alternative culture, so its position cannot be easily set. As it cannot find any similar interpret of the same genre. The unique position made Dog Soldiers an alternative music scene's symbol of post-Communist period. The descriptive and comparative perspective also serves to fulfill the set goals, which makes it possible to compare the functionality of official and samizdat or exile periodicals at the time of normalization and nationwide newspapers and music magazines in later more active period of the group. The work also shows the differences between the processing of individual musical environments of Czech culture by specialized literature.

This diploma thesis The image of American Movie Production in Czechoslovak Media of 1970's focuses on how the Czechoslovak media in the 1970's created the public perception of movies which had come from the American distribution to Czechoslovakia or were projected in the cinemas among the years 1970-1979. This thesis analyzes the manner in which selected national print media, influenced by the political trends, being partly designed for the general public (daily newspaper Rudé právo, Lidová demokracie) and partly addressed to specific target groups (film periodical Film a doba, Filmový přehled, Kino), reflected the issue and the contribution of individual movies; all of that under specific political and cultural circumstances. The main theme is the usage of the movie production and its presentation as a contemporary propaganda tool. The analytic part is based on examination of several articles and reviews found in some selected media and connected to the movies or its actors and makers. The analysis is focused on important arguments and assessments in the frame of the contemporary political development. The comparison of how the issue was perceived by the daily newspapers and by the film journals hopes to bring a new aspect and a new point of view to the film and history studies. .

Non transmis / Not transmitted

Philosophiae Doctor - PhD / Short Message Service (SMS) is one of the most popularly used services for communication between mobile phone users. In recent times it has also been proposed as a means for information access. However, there are several challenges to be overcome in order to process an SMS, especially when it is used as a query in an information retrieval system.SMS users often tend deliberately to use compacted and grammatically incorrect writing that makes the message difficult to process with conventional information retrieval systems. To overcome this, a pre-processing step known as normalization is required. In this thesis an investigation of SMS normalization algorithms is carried out. To this end,studies have been conducted into the design of algorithms for translating and normalizing SMS text. Character-based, unsupervised and rule-based techniques are presented. An investigation was also undertaken into the design and development of a system for information access via SMS. A specific system was designed to access information related to a Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) database in healthcare, using a case study. This study secures SMS communication, especially for healthcare information systems. The proposed technique is to encipher the messages using the secure shell (SSH) protocol.