The diploma thesis Economic and social interaction during Normalization era is is based on qualitative research. It deals with issues of system of return services and barter exchange in non - cash market in 1970's and 1980's in Czechoslovakia. The centrally planned economy was not able to produce enough consumer goods and meet the demand of the population. Employees, who worked in department stores, took easier approach to consumer goods than others. They excercised power over distribution and they traded some commodities for another services. As a research method applied is oral history. The primary sources used are narrative interview and secondary history literature.

A professional life of secondary school teachers of Czech gymnasiums (rough equivalent of British grammar schools) in so called normalization period is presented in this thesis using autobiographical recounting, contemporary documents and archival materials. The author mentions the choosing of their careers, their studies and ensuing start of their teaching practice that took place in late sixties. Author puts emphasis on mapping of the leading role of the Communist party of Czechoslovakia in the workplace during the so called normalization period and how it was perceived by the teachers themselves. Author shows the role of the communist party using teacher's reviews, entrance examinations and complex assessments. Later on, author elaborates the mechanisms used to keep school "socialistic" up to the year 1989: controls, deliberations and meetings, schoolings, school phraseology, material provision, anniversary celebrations, voluntary works, skiing and defense courses, sister trips and teacher's role in society. In the end, the thesis maps a downfall of communist party's leading role at schools and the transition to a democratic education after the year 1989.

The present thesis deals with the media image of women's everyday life in the socialist era. It focuses on the period of time between 1970 and 1975, i.e. on the so called early normalization. The aim of the study is to find out in what way the everyday life of the given period is interpreted by the magazine Vlasta. The main value of the analysis is that it reveals the idealistic presentation of the socialist women's way of life, and their common problems and worries. The analysis of the articles we perform is focused on family and home care, child upbringing both at home and in institutions, man's role in the family, physical and mental health, cosmetics, fashion, etc., i.e. all the aspects belonging to and forming everyday life. Through these topics, which are popular among women, the magazine discreetly created the ideal of the socialist woman. In the messages concerned with everyday life it was passing on the values, stereotypes and even ideological principles of the socialist society of that time. The main aim of the analysis is to create a complex picture of this everyday practice in Vlasta magazine. Key words Everyday life, woman, socialisms, normalization, Vlasta magazine, family care, home care, child care

This thesis deals with the problem of the Velvet revolution in a small provincial town called Náchod. My purpose is to describe the political situation before the revolution, during it and after the revolution ended. I used two methods for my research. First of them was regular text analysis of documents in archives and the second source I used was the method of Oral history. Oral history enriches us with knowledge of living witnesses who help us understand reasons, motivations and feelings of people who took part in an important part of our history, which Velvet revolution surely is. To understand them even better I shortly described their life stories and their position during the revolution. I made life story interviews with 4 members of the Czechoslovak Communist Party and with 5 members of the Civic Forum. So we can hear opinions of both considered sides. At the end of the thesis I compared my conclusions with the conclusion doc. PhDr. Lukáš Valeš, Ph.D. made in his dissertation describing Velvet revolution in a small provincial town Klatovy. At the end I came to a conclusion that Velvet revolution changed political status of Czechoslovakia and its economy but the same people remained powerful.

Lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries have become a crucial factor in the recent electro-mobility trend. People's increased interest in electric vehicles (EVs) has motivated several automotive manufacturers and research organizations to develop suitable drivetrain designs involving batteries. Especially the development of the 48V Li-ion battery has been of great importance to reduce CO2 emissions and meet emission standards. However, accurately modeling Li-ion batteries is a difficult task since multiple factors have to be considered. Conservative Methods are using pyhsico-chemical models or electrical circuits in order to mimic the battery behavior. This thesis deals with developing a Li-ion battery model using artificial neural network (ANN) algorithms to predict the state of charge (SOC) as one of the key battery management system states. Due to the rising power of GPUs and the amount of available data, ANNs became popular in recent years. ANNs are also applicable to different areas of battery technology. Using battery data like the battery voltage, temperature, and current as input features, a neural network is trained that predicts battery SOC. A novel approach based on ANNs and one of the most commonly used SOC estimation methods are presented in this thesis to model the battery behavior. Furthermore, an approach for dealing with the highly unbalanced data by creating multidimensional bins and compare different neural network architectures for time series forecasting is introduced. By creating the model, our main priority is to reduce the model's errors in extreme operating areas of the battery. According to our results, long short-term memory (LSTM) architectures appear to be the best fit for this task. Finally, the developed ANN model can successfully learn battery behavior, however the model's accuracy under harsh operating circumstances is highly dependent on the data quality gathered.

The aim of this thesis is to introduce the reader to the theory of affine monoids and, thereby, to present some results. We therefore start with some auxiliary sections, containing general introductions to convex geometry, affine monoids and their algebras, Hilbert functions and Hilbert series. One central part of the thesis then is the description of an algorithm for computing the integral closure of an affine monoid. The algorithm has been implemented, in the computer program `normaliz´; it outputs the Hilbert basis and the Hilbert function of the integral closure (if the monoid is positive). Possible applications include: finding the lattice points in a lattice polytope, computing the integral closure of a monomial ideal and solving Diophantine systems of linear inequalities. The other main part takes up the notion of multigraded Hilbert function: we investigate the effect of the growth of the Hilbert function along arithmetic progressions (within the grading set) on global growth. This study is motivated by the case of a finitely generated module over a homogeneous ring: there, the Hilbert function grows with a degree which is well determined by the degree of the Hilbert polynomial (and the Krull dimension).

Tidigare forskning om våld i nära relation berör främst mäns våld mot kvinnor. Det finns en kunskapslucka om förekomsten av och kunskapen om mäns våldsutsatthet. Majoriteten av studier om våld mot män omfattas av kvantitativa studier. Den här studien syftar till att genom kvalitativa intervjuer, undersöka hur våldet mot män i heterosexuella relationer tar sig uttryck och hur mannens uppbrottsprocesser kan se ut, för att jämföra det med den kunskap som finns tillgänglig om kvinnors våldsutsatthet. Studien syftar även till att undersöka vilken hjälp och stöd som finns att tillgå. De teoretiska utgångspunkter som används innefattar teorier om våld, normaliseringsprocessen, uppbrottsprocessen, norm- och genusteorier. Urvalet innefattar fem våldsutsatta män som tidigare erfarit våld i heterosexuell relation. Studiens resultat tyder på att samtliga former av våld förekommer i de relationer där män utsätts för våld. Deras uppbrottsprocesser överensstämmer väl med teorier om kvinnors uppbrottsprocesser, vilket antyder att männen upplever samma svårigheter att lämna relationen. Ett utmärkande drag för våldsutsatta män kan kopplas till normer och förväntningar på könsroller, samt att det bidrar till ökade skam- och skuldkänslor. Mörkertalet av våldsutsatta män kan därmed förklaras genom att män inte söker hjälp och stöd på grund av skam, lågt förtroende för rättsväsendet eller okunskap om vart de kan vända sig. De konsekvenser som framkommer till följd av våldet överensstämmer väl med forskningen om kvinnor, där konsekvenserna tenderar att bli långvariga. Genom att normalisera mannen som våldsutövare försvåras möjligheten för våldsutsatta män att få rätt hjälp att hantera eller komma ur den destruktiva relationen. / Previous research on intimate partner violence mainly concerns mens violence against women. There is a knowledge gap about the occurrence and knowledge of mens experience violence, the majority of studies are quantitative studies. This study aims to, through qualitative interviews, examine how the violence against men in heterosexual relationships takes form and how the processes of breakup can be compared with the knowledge available about womens violence, and investigate the available support. The theoretical perspectives include theories of violence, the normalization- and breakup processes, norm- and gender theories. The sample includes five mens experience on intimate partner violence in heterosexual relationships. The results indicate that all forms of violence occur to men subjected to intimate partner violence. The processes of breakup resembles the theories of womens processes, which indicates that men experience the same difficulties in leaving the relationship. A distinctive characteristic of men who are victims of intimate partner violence can be linked to the norms and expectations of gender roles and that contributes to increased shame and guilt feelings. The number of men exposed to violence can thus be explained by the fact that men do not seek help and support because of shame, low confidence in the legal system or lack of knowledge about where they can turn to for help. The consequences that result from the abuse are similar to research on women, where the consequences tend to be prolonged. By normalizing the man as the perpetrator, makes it difficult to get the right help and leave the destructive relationship.

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / In recent years, deep learning models have become popular in the real-time embedded application, but there are many complexities for hardware deployment because of limited resources such as memory, computational power, and energy. Recent research in the field of deep learning focuses on reducing the model size of the Convolution Neural Network (CNN) by various compression techniques like Architectural compression, Pruning, Quantization, and Encoding (e.g., Huffman encoding). Network pruning is one of the promising technique to solve these problems. This thesis proposes methods to prune the convolution neural network (SqueezeNet) without introducing network sparsity in the pruned model. This thesis proposes three methods to prune the CNN to decrease the model size of CNN without a significant drop in the accuracy of the model. 1: Pruning based on Taylor expansion of change in cost function Delta C. 2: Pruning based on L2 normalization of activation maps. 3: Pruning based on a combination of method 1 and method 2. The proposed methods use various ranking methods to rank the convolution kernels and prune the lower ranked filters afterwards SqueezeNet model is fine-tuned by backpropagation. Transfer learning technique is used to train the SqueezeNet on the CIFAR-10 dataset. Results show that the proposed approach reduces the SqueezeNet model by 72% without a significant drop in the accuracy of the model (optimal pruning efficiency result). Results also show that Pruning based on a combination of Taylor expansion of the cost function and L2 normalization of activation maps achieves better pruning efficiency compared to other individual pruning criteria and most of the pruned kernels are from mid and high-level layers. The Pruned model is deployed on BlueBox 2.0 using RTMaps software and model performance was evaluated.

Mäns våld mot kvinnor är ett samhällsproblem och kränker våldsutsatta kvinnors frihet. Kvinnliga offer är överrepresenterade i statiskt som berörvåld i nära relation. Med en kvalitativ ansats har vi haft som syfte att undersöka professionellas syn på varför kvinnor stannar kvar i våldsammaheterosexuella parrelationer och vad som möjliggör för ett uppbrott. Med ett målinriktat urval har sex professionella socialarbetare strategiskt valts ut för att besvara vårt syfte med hjälp av semistrukturerade intervjuer. Denna studie tar stöd av teorierna, normaliseringsprocessen och uppbrottsprocessen. För att analysera det empiriska materialet har en tematisk analysmetod använts. Resultatet har brutits ner i följande trehuvudteman: rädsla, normaliseringsprocessen samt stöd. Följande subteman är barn, ekonomi, kärlek, kultur, isolering, internalisering, samhällets resurser och kunskap. Studien visade på kvarhållande faktorer, dessa var rädsla och en direkt följd av normaliseringsprocessen. Rädslan kvinnorna upplever kan härledas till barn, ekonomi, kärlek samt kultur. Enligt professionella upplever flera kvinnor en rädsla kring vad som kan hända barnen vid en eventuell separation och hur de ska klara sig ekonomiskt utan mannens finansiering. Rädslan kan även förväxlas med kärlek och en delkvinnor är styrda av kulturella normer, vilket skapar en rädsla för att lämna. Normaliseringsprocessen visade sig även vara ett återkommande tema som synliggör hur gränserna för vad som uppfattas vara normalt förskjuts och att våldet normaliseras för kvinnorna. De faktorer som visade sig möjliggöraför ett uppbrott från våldspräglade relationer var stöd i form av samhällets resurser, barn samt kunskap. Med hjälp av samhällets resurser kan kvinnor få hjälp med ekonomi, skydd samt skyddad identitet, vilket kan vara avgörande faktorer för att kunna lämna. Även kunskap kring kvinnans rättigheter och vilket stöd som finns tillgängligt är viktiga faktorer som möjliggjorde för ett uppbrott. / Men's violence against women is a societal problem that violates the freedom of women who are victims of violence. Female victims are overrepresented in statistics concerning violence in intimate relationships. With a qualitative approach, this study aims to examine professionals' perspectives on why women stay in abusive heterosexual relationships and what enables them to break free. Through purposeful sampling, six professional social workers have been strategically selected to address ouraim through semi-structured interviews. This study draws on the theories ofthe normalization process and the process of leaving an abusive relationship.A thematic analysis method has been employed to analyze the empirical material. The results have been categorized into three main themes: fear, the normalization process, and support. The following sub-themes include children, finances, love, culture, isolation, internalization, love, societal resources, and knowledge. According to the professionals, the most prominent factors keeping women in abusive relationships were fear and, as a direct consequence, the normalization process. The fear experienced by the women could be attributed to concerns about the children, financial dependence, and cultural norms. Several women were afraid of the potential consequences for their children in the event of a separation and how they would manage financially without the partner's support. The normalization process emerged as a recurring theme, highlighting how the boundaries of what is perceived as normal shift, and the violence becomes normalized for women. The factors enabling a break from violent relationships included support in the form of societal resources and knowledge. Through societal resources, women can receive assistance with finances, protection, and secure identity, which can be crucial factors in leaving. Awareness of women's rights and the available support also played significant roles in enabling a break.

The idea of romance, intimate sexual relationships and romantic relationships has been distorted and subsequently redefined. Emotional- and affect related behaviour such as jealousy has been integrated into relationships and has been transformed into a sign of love and care. We deem this development problematic as jealousy can be considered a catalyst in terms of integration and expression of violence in romantic relationships. Consumption of different medial phenomenon is to be considered a primary source of information with special regards to children and adolescents. We claim that this is to be considered as something problematic as media and its depiction of norms and values may not reflect reality and instead contribute to the normalization of gender roles. Such gender roles play a significant role in the expression of what is known as romantic jealousy as they dictate socially acceptable behaviours with regards to men and women involved in a romantic relationship. The aim of this study was to examine if romantic jealousy and its depiction in modern films is being romanticized and to identify the normalization of destructive behaviour that constitutes a part of the phenomenon. Furthermore, the study examined our aim by trying to answer two questions 1) How is romantic jealousy depicted in modern films? 2) How are behaviours directly relating to romantic jealousy normalized in modern films? After thorough observation of seven films this study was able to conclude that jealousy is indeed romanticized in modern films. At the same time such romanticization contributes to the masking of destructive behaviours due a pervading narration of premiss which sees love as the ultimate goal. Such masking contributes to the consolidation of stereotypical gender roles and relating norms and values which in their turn can act as both a trigger and a catalyst for the expression of physical and emotional violence within a romantic relationship. / Bilden av romans, sexuella- och romantiska relationer har förvrängts och sedermera omdefinierats. Beteende så som svartsjuka, innefattande affekt och emotion, har integrerats i relationer och omvandlats till uttryck för kärlek och omsorg. Vi bedömer att denna utveckling är problematisk då svartsjuka kan betraktas som både en katalysator och en utlösare för uttryck av våld i romantiska relationer. Konsumering av olika mediala fenomen är att betrakta som en primär källa för inhämtande av information, särskilt bland barn och unga vuxna. Vi hävdar att detta bör betraktas som något problematiskt då medias avbildning av normer och värderingar inte nödvändigtvis reflekterar verkligheten och i stället bidrar till normaliseringen av stereotypa könsroller. Dessa könsroller har en viktig bidragande roll vid uttryck av romantisk svartsjuka då de dikterar och påverkar socialt acceptabla beteenden bland män och kvinnor i nära relationer. Denna studies syfte var att undersöka om romantisk svartsjukas framställning i modern spelfilm romantiseras samt att identifiera normalisering av destruktiva beteenden, förankrade i begreppet svartsjuka. Detta syfte undersöktes genom att besvara följande två frågeställningar 1) Hur porträtteras romantisk svartsjuka i modern spelfilm? 2) Hur normaliseras beteenden som är förankrade i svartsjuka i modern spelfilm? Efter noggrann observation av sju spelfilmer kunde denna studie konkludera att svartsjuka romantiseras i spelfilm. Romantisering av svartsjuka bidrar till en maskering av destruktiva beteenden, i mångt och mycket på grund av den narrativa premiss som framställer kärlek som det slutgiltiga målet. Samma maskering bidrar till konsoliderandet av stereotypiska könsroller och deras medföljande normer och värderingar som i sin tur är högst bidragande till uttryck av fysiskt såväl som psykiskt våld i nära relationer.