Thus far, the novel Naked Lunch has not been discussed from the aspect of critical animal studies, nor has it been connected to the theories of Michel Foucault. This essay however, argues that these diverse fields could be connected through the use of the simians that are frequently employed in Naked Lunch. By analyzing the metaphorical role of the simian, the structure of the normalization process can be revealed. Therefore the simian’s metaphorical role becomes to reveal the different stages character goes through in that process and ultimately revealing its negative effects. They also prove to employ the role of abnormality which normalization wants to subtract from the human in order to render her docile. By applying the power mechanisms such as signals, the concept of panopticism and the theory of the docile body to specific passages where simians are highly prominent, the claim of this paper can be demonstrated. Besides Foucault, the theories of Robin Lydenberg are also used consistently throughout the essay due to her valuable observations such as the struggle between body and mind.

This thesis takes as its point of departure the question "is there a connection between ordinary Swedish Christianity and the extreme forms of various examples?". As a way of concidering possible connections, a "normal" spiritual context in the Swedish setting is studied: the Christian magazine "Pilgrim. A magazine for spiritual guidance". The book presents an investigation of the magazine and its notion of spirituality over a period of twelve years (1994-2006). Questions that guide the investigation are: Which are the fundamental notions of spirituality in the magazine? How can someone be spiritual due to the magazine? Which are the bodily norms which are assumed when it comes to gender, sexuality, ethnicity and class? Which connections between the normal and the extreme in contemporary Swedish spirituality can an investigation of Pilgrim as an example of "ordinary" spirituality reveal? The work is carried out as a discursive reading of Pilgrim with the help of Michel Foucault and his notion of "discourse". Furthermore some of the insights from the feminist discussion on so called "intersectionality" are used to widen the methodological scope. More specifically, the magazine is approached as a single textual surface. After qualification of the rules of the discourse, they are applied to identify the discursive formation of Pilgrim. By analyzing the strategies which constitute spiritual guidance, the forms of spirituality (subject positions) that the magazine constructs are revealed. The way that social categories - gender, sexuality, ethinicity, class - are characterized in the magazine reinforce heteronormativity, orientalism and a class-structure. Through the magazine social categories function together with other vital categories in a way that the outcome is one and only construction of the ordinary subject: i.e. the western rich man as a spiritual subject. In conclusion this study suggest that ideas about spiritual growth that flourish in an ordinary Christian cultural and intellectual environment (exemplified by the magazine Pilgrim), like ideas of resistance against the postmodern world and society's superficiality, might have a structure that can be found also in more extreme Christian contexts, and, more importantly, as a part of the problematic of these extreme examples. The extreme resides in the ordinary, and the ordinary resides in the extreme. There seems to be an order of notions, of subjects and of bodies: the Order of Spirituality.

Syftet med denna kvalitativa studie är att studera vilka sociala förhållanden som kan ha haft betydelse för kvinnornas val av att stanna kvar eller lämna en våldsam relation samt vilka identiteter tillskriver kvinnorna sig själva under berättandet. Tio intervjuer med kvinnor genomfördes och analyserades utifrån ett hermeneutiskt perspektiv. Centralt i vår studie är intervjupersonernas livsberättelser. I resultatet används ett narrativt och hermeneutisk per-spektiv för att presentera berättelserna och förståelsen som formas mellan berättaren och den som lyssnar. Resultatet visar att de förhållanden som har haft betydelse för att få kvinnorna att stanna kvar är: hot, rädsla och normalisering. Det innebär för dessa kvinnor en normalisering som tänjer på gränserna för vad som är normalt/avvikande. Andra betydande omständigheter var kvinnans band och känslor gentemot sin man, barn, avsaknad av verklighetsförankring, hopp samt ekonomisk trygghet. Studiens resultat visar även att de dominerande faktorerna som får kvinnan att lämna relationen kan dels bero på kvinnans känsla av skuld gentemot sitt barn, ny omdefinition av sin verklighetsförankring, förlorat hopp och att kvinnans känslor försvunnit för mannen. / The purpose of this qualitative study is to examine which social relations may have had sig-nificance for the choice for the women to stay or leave in a violent relationship, and which identities the interviewed subscribed themselves during the telling of their stories. Ten inter-views were made and analyzed from a hermeneutical perspective. The central in our study was the interviewees’ life stories. In the result a narrative and hermeneutical perspective was used to represent the stories and the understandings formed between the teller and the listener. The data showed that the relationships which resulted in a choice for the women to stay was; threats, fear, and normalization. The normalization is a form of adaptation for the women to accept the dysfunctional relationship. Other important factors were the women’s ties and emo-tional feelings towards the husband / man, children / child, lack of reality, hope and economic stability. The study also showed that the dominating factors for the women to leave the rela-tionship were; her fear of guilt towards her child / children, a new definition of reality, lost hope of change for the relationship and lose of feelings for the partner.

Highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) has one of the highest antioxidant capacities and flavonoid concentrations of any fruit or vegetable, and regular consumption of blueberries has been connected to a wide range of health benefits. A diversity of flavonoids (flavonols, anthocyanins, proanthocyanidins) are likely responsible for many of the health benefits, and these compounds also significantly contribute to the organoleptic properties of ripe blueberries. Despite the potential importance of these flavonoids in diet, there has been little investigation into the molecular genetics of blueberry flavonoid biosynthesis. Therefore, I developed a real-time quantitative PCR protocol to monitor expression of flavonoid genes throughout development and ripening. Following evaluation of five reference genes, expression profiling of biosynthetic genes revealed that flavonoid synthesis is tightly controlled at the transcriptional level in a biphasic developmental pattern. These results are discussed in relation to flavonoid metabolite accumulation profiles, which were produced as part of a collaboration. Finally, in conjunction with a second group of collaborating scientists, some promising preliminary evidence is provided suggesting that the hormone abscisic acid might have a role in regulating ripening initiation in blueberry. / Graduate

The aim of this study is to investigate how it is possible that tourists who are not actively seeking child prostitutes still account for the majority of child sex tourists. The study includes tourists, locals, people working in the sex industry and staff from Swedish embassy and ECPAT international in Bangkok. The study was conducted with a qualitative approach and an ethnographic method, using field observations and interviews to collect the empirical data. The data has then been categorized in to different themes and analyzed using previous research on the subject. Hirschis theory of social bonds was then used to further interpret the results. The results of this study show that the tourists in Thailand, who are not seeking out child prostitutes, will most likely come in contact with them anyway. This will happen because of the availability to the vast sex industry and the fact that the sex industry markets itself by offering youthful prostitutes. The tourists will have weaker social bonds because they have left their normal social surrounding but depending on how weak these social bonds are the tourists may or may not experiment with buying sex. In combination with that about 25 percent of the prostitutes are under the age of 18, this may lead to that some of the tourists will sexually abuse children even if they were not seeking them out.

Στην παρούσα Διπλωματική Εργασία μελετώνται εφαρμογές της θεωρίας της Διαστατικής Ανάλυσης στην μαθηματική μοντελοποίηση. Πιο συγκεκριμένα, στο πρώτο κεφάλαιο εισάγουμε την έννοια της διαστατικής ανάλυσης καθώς και την χρησιμότητά της κάνοντας ταυτόχρονα μια σύντομη ιστορική αναδρομή. Στο ίδιο κεφάλαιο ακόμα παραθέτουμε το περίφημο παράδειγμα στο οποίο ο G.I. Taylor υπολόγισε, με την βοήθεια της Διαστατικής Ανάλυσης, την ενέργεια που εκλύθηκε από την πρώτη, δοκιμαστική ατομική βόμβα στο New Mexico τον Ιούλιο του 1945. Στο δεύτερο κεφάλαιο αναπτύσσονται το Θεώρημα Π του Buckingham, το οποίο αποτελεί το θεμελιώδες θεωρητικό υπόβαθρο της Διαστατικής Ανάλυσης, καθώς και δύο εφαρμογές που βασίζονται στο παραπάνω θεώρημα. Η πρώτη εξ' αυτών αναφέρεται στην ταχύτητα εξάπλωσης της πετρελαιοκηλίδάς στον Κόλπο του Μεξικού που προκλήθηκε από την έκρηξη σε υποθαλάσσια πλατφόρμα εξόρυξης πετρελαίου την άνοιξη του 2010. Τέλος, στο τρίτο κεφάλαιο αναλύονται οι εξισώσεις Navier-Stokes και συνέχειας της Ρευστοδυναμικης. Ελέγχουμε ότι οι εξισώσεις αυτές είναι διαστατικά ομογενείς και στη συνέχεια περιγράφουμε τη διαδικασία κανονικοποίησής τους. / In this paper, we study applications of the theory of dimensional analysis in mathematical modeling. More specifically, the first chapter introduces the concept of dimensional analysis and the usefulness of simultaneously making a brief historical overview. In the same chapter is describt the famous example in which the G.I. Taylor estimated with the help of dimensional analysis, the energy emitted by the first atomic bomb test in New Mexico in July 1945. In the second chapter, Theorem Π of Buckingham, which is the fundamental theoretical basis of dimensional analysis, as well as two applications based on the above theorem. The first of them refers at the spead of spreading oil slick in the Gulf of Mexico caused by the boom in offshore oil platform in the spring of 2010. Finally, the third chapter analyzes the equations of Navier-Stokes and continuity of fluid dynamics. We check that these equations are dimensional homogeneous and then we describe the process of how we can to normalize them.

[pt] Partindo da perspectiva dos estudos sobre governamentalidade iniciados por Michel Foucault, o presente trabalho analisa políticas urbanas nacionais e internacionais. São estudados o Programa de Pacificação de favelas do Governo do Estado do Rio de Janeiro e as políticas urbanas emuladas pela UN-HABITAT com o objetivo de identificar de que maneira se pensa o espaço urbano e os sujeitos políticos na contemporaneidade. Diferentes racionalidades liberais de governo são discutidas com o intuito de identificar rearticulações na forma através do qual se ordena o espaço urbano. O argumento é que o problema do governo, que no liberalismo clássico era conformado a partir de uma perspectiva moral ou normativa vai, em alguma medida, se rearticular em torno de uma perspectiva racional/econômica ou normalizada, típica do neoliberalismo. Em outras palavras, a forma através da qual se pensam sujeitos governantes e governados, em certa medida, se torna menos centrada em uma discussão a respeito de sujeitos morais e mais em torno de sujeitos racionais/econômicos. / [en] Supported by the governmentality studies perspective initiated by Michel Foucault, this dissertation analyses national and international urban policies. The favelas Pacification Program of Rio de Janeiro s government and UN-HABITAT urban policies are the main objects of study. The objective is to identify how the urban space and political subjects are constituted as targets of intervention in contemporaneity. Liberal rationalities of government are discussed with the intent of identifying rearticulations in the way through which the urban space is organized. The argument is that the problem of government in classical liberalism was shaped by a moral or normative perspective. This perspective isrearticulated into a more normalized rational/economic rationality. In other words, the way through which political subjects are thought and acted upon is becoming less centered in moral subjects and more centered in a discussion about rational/economic individuals.

Orientador: Jean Marcel Carvalho França / Banca: José Carlos Barreiro / Banca: Ricardo Alexandre Ferreira / Resumo: A abdicação de D. Pedro I, em 7 de abril de 1831, trouxe para a sociedade que se julgava emancipada da tutela metropolitana a necessidade de inserir o Brasil no quadro das nações que se apresentavam como portadoras de uma civilização, era preciso que os homens livres do império tanto se reconhecessem quanto se fizessem reconhecer como membros de uma comunidade - "o mundo civilizado" - o qual era animado, então, pelo ideal de progresso. Coube a uma emergente elite política nacional constituída por fazendeiros, comerciantes, médicos, juristas, entre outros, que, nesse momento, assumiam o controle do país, formular as propostas norteadoras do processo de organização governamental do Brasil, por meio de um projeto civilizacional e de normalização social. O Rio de Janeiro ocupou uma posição de destaque nesse processo, devido ao seu status de capital e centro econômico do império, contudo, o rápido crescimento urbano e populacional à que essa cidade assistia, cedo, trouxe problemas relativos ao aumento da criminalidade, da vadiagem, da agitação política, em suma, à desordem das ruas. Tornou-se, então, imperioso para a administração local criar os meios aptos para controlar essa tal desordem, ou mesmo, se preciso fosse, para reprimi-la. Dentre os indivíduos propagadores dessa desordem, estavam os loucos criminosos, estes criariam um conflito de competências entre dois aparelhos de poder e de organização social, o aparelho médico e o jurídico. No seu afã de higienizar e moralizar a sociedade, adequando-a ao projeto civilizacional ao qual nos referimos, os médicos alienistas travariam uma batalha com os juristas pela preponderância e validação de seu saber no processo de punição dos insanos que cometessem crimes. A pesquisa que ora propomos objetiva avaliar o processo histórico... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The renunciation of Pedro I, on April 7, 1831, brought to the society, which was deemed as emancipated from the metropolitan custody, the need of inserting Brazil in the chart of nations considered porters of a civilization. It was necessary that free men from the empire were recognized and made recognized as members of a community - "the civilized world" -, which was very encouraged by the ideal of progress. An emerging Brazilian policy elite that included farmers, dealers, doctors, jurists, among others, who in that moment were assuming the country's control, was responsible for creating conductive proposals of Brazil's governmental organization process by means of a civilization project and social normalization. Rio de Janeiro occupied a great position in this process, due to its capital and empire's business centre status. However, the fast urban and population growing that this city was seeing soon brought issues associated with crimes, vagrancy, and political conflict increase, i.e., the streets riot. Therefore, it became imperious for local administration to create the proper means to control this riot, or even if it was needed, to repress it. Among the ones who diffused this riot, the criminal ones were included, who would create a conflict of competences between two ranges of power and social organization, the medical and juridical range. Aiming at cleaning and moralizing society, adjusting it to the already mentioned civilization project, alienist physicians were starting a battle with jurists to acquire preponderancy and validation of its knowledge in the insanes' punition process who committed crimes. The present research aims at evaluating the historical process that made such physicians become indispensable characters in the operation of the judiciary machine, by means of its investigation activity, and comprehending how a competences conflict between... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

Orientador: Diva Cardoso de Camargo / Banca: Emiliana Fernandes Bonalumi / Banca: Adriane Orenha Ottaiano / Resumo: O presente trabalho tem por objetivo analisar a tradução de vocábulos considerados recorrentes e preferenciais na obra As mulheres de Tijucopapo, de Marilene Felinto, bem como observar possíveis tendências de normalização por parte da tradutora Irene Matthews na tradução para o inglês: The women of Tijucopapo. Esta pesquisa é parte de um projeto maior, o PETra - Padrões de Estilo de Tradutores, coordenado pela Profa. Dra. Diva Cardoso de Camargo. A metodologia situa-se no campo dos estudos da tradução baseados em corpus (proposta de Baker, 1993, 1995, 1996, 2000, 2004; estudos sobre normalização de Scott, 1998; e pesquisas de Camargo, 2005, 2007), e no da linguística de corpus (estudos de Berber Sardinha, 2003, 2004); também se apoia na fortuna crítica da autora (trabalhos de Araújo, 2006; Bailey, 2010; Fiorucci, 2009; Gonçalves, 2001; Jacomel, 2008; Santos, 2005; Schmidt, 2009; Vieira, 2001; Wanderley, 2009 e Xavier, 2003). A pesquisa foi realizada por meio de uma combinação de análises semimanuais e de análises computadorizadas. Inicialmente, utilizamos o programa WordSmith Tools para obter a frequência das palavras na obra de Felinto. Em seguida, utilizamos a ferramenta KeyWords para identificar quais seriam as palavras-chave presentes no romance. Após esse levantamento, recorremos à fortuna crítica de Felinto e definimos cinco vocábulos considerados preferenciais da autora:"homem", "mulheres", "chuva", "amor" e "égua". Com base em Scott (1998), examinamos a tradução dos cinco vocábulos em relação a nove características de normalização. Os resultados encontrados nesta pesquisa mostram que a tradutora Irene Matthews tende a usar estratégias que podem ser identificadas como características de normalização / Abstract: This thesis aims at analyzing the translation of words considered recurring and preferred in the novel As mulheres de Tijucopapo, by Marilene Felinto, as well as observing possible tendencies of normalization by the translator Irene Matthews in the translation to English: The women of Tijucopapo. This research is part of a bigger project, the PETra (Padrões de Estilo de Tradutores), coordinated by Doc. Diva Cardoso de Camargo. The methodology employed is that of corpus-based translation studies (proposed by Baker, 1993, 1995, 1996, 2000, 2004; Scott's study concerning normalization, 1998; and Camargo's research studies, 2005, 2007), and that of corpus linguistics (Berber Sardinha's study, 2003, 2004). We also base our study on Felinto's critical heritage (studies by Araújo, 2006; Bailey, 2010; Fiorucci, 2009; Gonçalves, 2001; Jacomel, 2008; Santos, 2005; Schmidt, 2009; Vieira, 2001; Wanderley, 2009, and Xavier, 2003). The research was carried out by means of a combination of semi- manual and computerized analyses. Initially, we used the computer software WordSmith Tools to obtain the frequency of the words in Felinto's book. Then, we went on to use the tool KeyWords to identify which would be the keywords in the author's novel. After collecting these data, we used Felinto's critical heritage in order to select five words that could be considered as recurring and preferred in Felinto's writing: 'homem' ('man‟), 'mulheres' ('women)', 'chuva' ('rain'), 'amor' ('love') and 'égua' ('mare'). Based on Scott (1998), we analyzed the translation of the five selected words in relation to nine normalization features. The results obtained in this study show that the translator Irene Matthews tends to use strategies that may be identified as features of normalization / Mestre

Submitted by Oliveira Santos Dilzaná (dilznana@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-07-11T18:39:41Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese de Gessé de Souza Silva.pdf: 2297152 bytes, checksum: 5787b0b93213b9cf2f9cafe807ad31ba (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Oliveira Santos Dilzaná (dilznana@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-07-25T15:20:04Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese de Gessé de Souza Silva.pdf: 2297152 bytes, checksum: 5787b0b93213b9cf2f9cafe807ad31ba (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-25T15:20:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese de Gessé de Souza Silva.pdf: 2297152 bytes, checksum: 5787b0b93213b9cf2f9cafe807ad31ba (MD5) / Esta pesquisa visou dois objetivos. O primeiro deles foi descrever compreensivamente a experiência da agressão sexual envolvendo mulheres adultas fora do espaço doméstico. O segundo, decorrente do anterior, foi analisar os processos de paralisação e/ou recomposição existencial que podem se constituir. A consecução destes objetivos exigiu a discussão em maior relevo das seguintes temáticas: a temporalidade, o corpo, a culpabilidade e o trauma. As análises são guiadas pela fenomenologia. Em especial, realizou-se uma revisão do conceito de trauma, veiculado em quatro interpretações: a psicanalítica, a psiquiátrica, a auto-terapêutica, difundida nos livros de auto-ajuda, e a do senso comum. Buscou-se apontar os limites de tais perspectivas na compreensão dos chamados “efeitos” da agressão sexual. A descrição detalhada da experiência de 14 (quatorze) mulheres violentadas na cidade de São Salvador – Bahia – e entrevistadas ao longo de três anos (2004-2006), permitiu questionar as concepções usuais do trauma. Pois estas se caracterizam: 1. pela pouca relevância dada à pesquisa dos contextos de interação social após a violência como elementos essenciais da construção de sentidos para a experiência; 2. por apresentarem uma concepção de causalidade linear, ora focada no poder traumático da violência em si mesma, ora destacando as fragilidades psicológicas dos indivíduos afetados. Ao longo da apresentação dos resultados, é definida a noção de construção social do trauma, para se referir às diversas dinâmicas sociais que dificultam ou obstaculizam a retomada do cotidiano após as agressões. Em tais processos, enfatiza-se o lugar da dimensão macrossocial ligada a questões como: a estigmatização, a radicalização do mundo da interioridade; o discurso social culpabilizante e o conseqüente bloqueio do partilhar narrativo de experiências aflitivas. Através da história de vida de três mulheres, tenta-se descrever a complexa dinâmica da normalização que envolve: o engajamento corporal em novos projetos, a construção de sentidos a partir da situação biográfica e a criatividade nas reformulações do cotidiano. This research aimed two goals: first, comprehensively describe the sexual aggression experience involving adult women out of domestic space, and second, resulting from the former, analyze the existential paralysis and/or recomposing processes that may happen in such cases. The accomplishment of both objectives required a discussion that gave emphasis to the subjects as follows: the temporality, the body, the feelings of guilty, and the trauma. The analyses were guided by the phenomenology. Primarily, a review of the trauma concept, broached in four interpretations, was carried out: the psychoanalytical, the psychiatric, the self-therapeutic (mainstream in self-help books), and the common sense. One tried to indicate the limits of such perspectives in an attempt to understand the so-called “sexual aggression effects”. The detailed description of fourteen cases of raped women living in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil, result of interviews carried out for three years (2004-2006), allowed the questioning of the usual concepts of trauma. Such concepts characterize themselves by 1) give little importance to the research of contexts of social interaction after the violence as essential elements to the “making” of senses for the experience and 2) present a linear causality concept sometimes focused on the traumatic power of the violence itself, sometimes emphasizing the psychological weakness of the affected individual. Through the presentation of the results the idea of social construction of the trauma was defined in order to refer to the various social complex dynamics that impair or create obstacles to starting over their routine after the aggression. Under such circumstances, one should think of the macro-social dimension as having a relevant connection with subjects like stigmatization, inner world radicalization, guilty social speech and the consequent blockage of the afflictive experiences narrative sharing. Through three raped women’s stories one tries to describe the complex dynamics of normalization that involves “the bodily” engagement in new existential projects, the “building” of meaningfulness from the biographical situation and the creativity on reformulating the day-by-day.