Examensarbetet använder generaliserade linjära modeller för att identifiera och analysera enhetsspecifika egenskaper som påverkar risken för operativa förluster. Företag exponeras sällan mot operativa förluster vilket gör att det finns lite information om dessa förluster. De generaliserade linjära modellerna använder statistiska metoder som gör det möjligt att analysera all tillgänglig interndata trots att den är begränsad. Dessutom möjliggör metoden att analysera frekvensen av förlusterna samt magnituden av förlusterna var för sig. Det är fördelaktigt att göra två separata analyser, oberoende av varandra, för att identifiera vilka enhetsspecifika egenskaper som påverkar förlustfrekvensen respektive förlustmagnituden. För att modellera frekvensen av förlusterna används en Poissonfördelning. För att modellera magnituden av förlusterna används en Tweediefördelning som baseras på en semiparametrisk fördelning. Frekvens- och magnitudmodellen kombineras till en gemensam modell för att analysera vad som påverkar den totala kostnaden för operativa förluster. Resultatet visar att enhetens region, inkomst per tjänstgjord timme, storlek, internbetyg och erfarenhet hos personalen påverkar kostnaden för operativa förluster. / The objective of this Master’s Thesis is to identify and analyze explanatory variables that affect operational losses. This is achieved by applying Generalized Linear Models and selecting a number of explanatory variables that are based on the company’s unit attributes. An operational loss is a rare event and as a result, there is a limited amount of internal data. Generalized Linear Models uses a range of statistical tools to give reliable estimates although the data is scarce.  By performing two separate and independent analyses, it is possible to identify and analyze various unit attributes and their impact of the loss frequency and loss severity. When modeling the loss frequency, a Poisson distribution is applied. When modeling the loss severity, a Tweedie distribution that is based on a semi-parametric distribution is applied. To analyze the total cost as a consequence of operational losses for a single unit with certain attributes, the frequency model and the severity model are combined to form one common model. The result from the analysis shows that the geographical location of the unit, the size of the unit, the income per working hour, the working experience of the employees and the internal rating of the unit are all attributes that affects the cost of operational losses.

Managerial and regulatory focus in the financial industryhas been intensified due to a number of extremely costly and highly publicized events. Whenfraudulent activities or any improper business practices are revealed it may damage the bank’sreputation. In the end this can have a big impact on anyone who is any kind of stakeholder.Reputational risk and by what mechanism reputational risk is adversely affecting stock pricesis therefore of great importance for stakeholders. This study aims at providing insights and abetter understanding of reputational risk. We examine the reputational damage in banksresulting from operational losses and analyze the stock market reaction across the bankingindustry. Research question: What is the effect of operational loss announcements from internalfraudulent activities on competitors in the banking industry? The results show a positive cross-bank reaction during the observed period oftime. Furthermore, the cross-bank reaction is stronger when a reputational damage isrecognized in the bank where the loss occurred. The results show a positive cross-bankreaction during the observed period of time. Furthermore, the cross-bank reaction is strongerwhen a reputational damage is recognized in the bank where the loss occurred.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-12T20:32:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Juliane.pdf: 1570515 bytes, checksum: 8289f9a8261ab8c08f0cf3c43a07a865 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-06-26 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Such as the beings livings creature, all the companies are displayed the risks during its existence. Between these they appear the internal, called risks of bad management or fraud. With the objective of diminish these operational risks internal controls are established that are used in such a way for the organization of the procedures as for the protection of its asset. The internal controls have been improved and regulated not only had its functionality, but in result of scandals of institutions long ago considered above of any suspicion. The known regulation more is the Law Sarbanes Oxley (SOX), of the North American, requisite congress for the companies who operate in the subsidiary stock market of New York and its, that she has been adopted as international standard. This law, among others, regulates the performance of the external auditors, it creates behavior rules and it establishes penalties for the controllers of the companies and demands the internal evaluation of the processes and controls. Given to this legal requirement, methodologies as COSO (Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Tread way Commission), that consists in a roll of recommendations, had passed to be adopted with more frequency with the objective to take care of the legislation and to minimize the operational risks. COSO points the necessity of if limit the organizational processes, identifying to all the tasks, each one with its responsible ones, and evaluating the internal controls to know if the same ones are adjusted the company. However, it does not establish a functional model of application. In this work, if she considers a model for the implementation of COSO in an organization. The considered model was applied partially in five companies and, after complete in one sixth Brazilian company, all users of ERP (Enterprise Resources Planning) EMS, of the DATASUL. As result, the company, beyond possessing its main limits processes, it optimized its man power and it minimized some operational risks / Este estudo teve como objetivo principal identificar a competência essencial para obter vantagem competitiva de uma empresa de revestimentos cerâmicos no que tange à sua atuação em um ambiente de alta competitividade baseada em diferenciação e sofisticação, identificado como sendo o mercado belga. Foram levantados os fatores que geraram vantagem competitiva a partir da perspectiva dos participantes da cadeia de distribuição de seus produtos no mercado em questão. Esses fatores foram analisados com vistas a identificar os recursos e habilidades que os originaram para verificar se a composição entre eles leva a uma competência essencial e qual será ela. O design foi destacado como uma das possíveis habilidades geradoras de vantagem competitiva por ser apropriado como tal pelos principais competidores do mercado estudado. A utilização do conceito de competência essencial é resultante da visão de estratégia como um aprendizado coletivo que gera combinações únicas entre recursos e habilidades permitindo performances superiores. Foram levantados os principais referenciais teóricos que compõe o desenvolvimento da escola das competências dinâmicas, desde os primórdios da visão baseada em recursos até a aplicação do conceito de competência essencial. Foram também explorados os conceitos que conferem ao design as características diferenciadoras que podem transformá-lo em uma competência essencial. Esse estudo é resultado de uma pesquisa qualitativa e descritiva obtida através de um estudo de caso. Os dados foram levantados a partir da observação indireta e de entrevistas. A análise dos dados foi indutiva. A investigação levou à identificação de três competências, sendo que a "cultura de design" apresentou-se como a competência essencial da empresa estudada no mercado belga a partir da perspectiva dos participantes chave da cadeia de distribuição

The utilisation of an operational risk management (ORM) model is one of the compulsory activities during mergers and acquisitions in the financial sector. However, the implementation of such a model is often not as effective as intended. A cause of this might be situated in human behaviour and the influence of cultural differences, especially during cross-border business. This study determined how Tanzanians perceive risk, and identified the psychosocial components that affected the implementation of an ORM model in a target organisation in Tanzania. This resulted in the development of a conceptual framework, which integrated these psychosocial components into a theoretical psychosocial model of OR management. This qualitative study was situated within the hermeneutic phenomenology research paradigm. During the research, 35 semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted, providing rich data. Participants were selected by means of criterion sampling. Most of the interviews sessions were conducted with one participant present. However, some of the interview sessions involved two or three participants resulting in a total of 46 participants being interviewed. Data were analysed using the hermeneutic circle, and incorporated content analysis. The findings of the study are of value to both the fields of psychology (social and organisational psychology) and OR management. Engaging in cross-border business is in itself a ‘risky’ business. Identifying the psychosocial components and incorporating them into ORM models, enables organisations to implement their ORM models more effectively (Renn, 2008). The theoretical model developed as a result of this research enables industrial and organisational psychologists and OR managers to manage growth initiatives, such as cross-border mergers and acquisitions in the financial industry, more accurately. Industrial and organisational psychologists and risk managers will consequently understand better how psychosocial components shape people and this will enable them to adapt their management approach accordingly. / Department of Industrial and Organisational Psychology / Ph. D. (Industrial and Organisational Psychology)

The thesis focuses on the operational risk, its identification, measurement and regulatory requirements associated with it. It defines what is the role of internal audit, departments that perform its function and relationship to the organizational structure of the company. Similarly, it is depict the relationship between internal and external audit. These facts are set in the context of operational risk. In the form of comparison are confronted four major banking institutions operating on the Czech market. The aim is to find out how banks manage operational risk, what tools are used for the quantification and how the whole process involve internal audit services and, finally, how they deal with regulatory requirements on capital.

El presente trabajo de investigación tiene por objetivo principal proponer una metodología de gestión del riesgo operacional para el negocio B2B de una empresa de telecomunicaciones. Si bien el trabajo de investigación se enfoca en la necesidad de esta metodología para el negocio B2B, la idea es que la metodología sea escalable y replicable para cada negocio, unidad y, de manera agregada, toda la organización, constituyéndose en una metodología homogénea que permita la apropiada gestión del riesgo operacional. Como parte de la metodología hemos desarrollado los componentes a nivel estratégico, funcional y operativo, así como las matrices que permitirán una autoevaluación del riesgo operacional con el fin de identificar y priorizar los riesgos operacionales, tomando la decisión de ratificarlos, modificarlos, anularlos o transferirlos. Las matrices que han sido propuestas como parte de esta metodología de gestión del riesgo operacional se han clasificado en seis niveles: (i) autoevaluación de los riesgos operacionales, que consta de 3 matrices y un mapa de riesgos; (ii) evaluación de riesgos operacionales ante cambios significativos o relevantes, que consta de una matriz; (iii) la gestión de la continuidad del negocio (evaluación del nivel de criticidad de procesos), que consta de dos matrices; (iv) la evaluación de procesos de contratación significativa y proveedores críticos, que consta de dos matrices; (v) los indicadores de riesgo operacional, que indica el proceso de definición de los indicadores de riesgo operacional; y, (vi) la gestión de eventos de pérdida. / The main objective of this research is to propose an operational risk management methodology for the B2B business of a telecommunications company. Although the research focuses on the need for this methodology for the B2B business, the idea is that the methodology is scalable and replicable for each business, unit and, in an aggregate way, the entire organization, constituting a homogeneous methodology that allow the appropriate management of operational risk. As part of the methodology, we have developed the components at a strategic, functional and operational level, as well as all evaluation matrixes that will allow a self-assessment of operational risk in order to identify and prioritize operational risks, making the decision to ratify, modify, cancel or transfer them. All evaluation matrixes that have been proposed as part of this operational risk management methodology have been classified into six levels: (i) self-assessment of operational risks, consisting of three matrixes and a risk map; (ii) evaluation of operational risks in the event of significant or relevant changes, which consists of one matrix; (iii) business continuity management (evaluation of the level of criticality of processes), which consists of two matrixes; (iv) the evaluation of significant contracting processes and critical suppliers, which consists of two matrixes; (v) operational risk indicators, which indicates the process for defining operational risk indicators; and, (vi) loss event management. / Trabajo de investigación

This study investigates E-banking Operational Risk Assessment (ORA) to enable the development of a new ORA framework and methodology. The general view is that E-banking systems have modified some of the traditional banking risks, particularly Operational Risk (OR) as suggested by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision in 2003. In addition, recent E-banking financial losses together with risk management principles and standards raise the need for an effective ORA methodology and framework in the context of E-banking. Moreover, evaluation tools and / or methods for ORA are highly subjective, are still in their infant stages, and have not yet reached a consensus. Therefore, it is essential to develop valid and reliable methods for effective ORA and evaluations. The main contribution of this thesis is to apply Fuzzy Inference System (FIS) and Tree Augmented Naïve Bayes (TAN) classifier as standard tools for identifying OR, and measuring OR exposure level. In addition, a new ORA methodology is proposed which consists of four major steps: a risk model, assessment approach, analysis approach and a risk assessment process. Further, a new ORA framework and measurement metrics are proposed with six factors: frequency of triggering event, effectiveness of avoidance barriers, frequency of undesirable operational state, effectiveness of recovery barriers before the risk outcome, approximate cost for Undesirable Operational State (UOS) occurrence, and severity of the risk outcome. The study results were reported based on surveys conducted with Nigerian senior banking officers and banking customers. The study revealed that the framework and assessment tools gave good predictions for risk learning and inference in such systems. Thus, results obtained can be considered promising and useful for both E-banking system adopters and future researchers in this area.

Выпускная квалификационная работа (магистерская диссертация) посвящена исследованию анализа влияния операционного риска на финансовые результаты коммерческого банка. Предметом исследования выступают экономические отношения, складывающиеся в коммерческом банке в процессе управления операционным риском. Основной целью магистерской диссертации является исследование теоретических научно-методических положений, на основании которых развивается система управления операционным риском в коммерческом банке ПАО «Сбербанк», разработка методических рекомендаций по модернизации выявленных проблем с применением практических знаний и навыков. В заключении обозначены рекомендации по совершенствованию политики управления операционного риска для объекта исследования. / The final qualifying work (master's thesis) is devoted to the study of the analysis of the impact of operational risk on the financial results of a commercial bank. The subject of this research is the economic relations that develop in a commercial bank in the process of managing operational risk. The main goal of the master's thesis is to study theoretical scientific and methodological provisions, on the basis of which the operational risk management system is developed in the commercial bank of Sberbank, the development of guidelines for the modernization of identified problems with the application of practical knowledge and skills. In the conclusion, recommendations are outlined for improving the operational risk management policy for the research object.

Operational risk has become an increasingly important topic within financial institutions of late, resulting in an increased spend by financial service organisations on operational risk management solutions. While this move is positive, evidence has shown that information technology implementations have tended to have low rates of success. Research highlighted that a series of defined critical success factors could reduce the risk of implementation failure. Investigations into the literature revealed that no critical success factors had been defined for the implementation of an operational risk management system. Through a literature study, a list of 29 critical success factors was identified. To confirm these factors, a questionnaire was developed. The questionnaire was distributed to an identified target audience within the South African financial services community. Reponses to the questionnaire revealed that 27 of the 29 critical success factors were deemed important and critical to the implementation of an operational risk management system. / Business Management / M. Com. (Business Management)

M. Tech. Business Administration / The objectives of this study is to measure the risk propensity of entrepreneurs from four nationalities in the Gauteng region, namely Chinese, Zimbabweans, Pakistanis and South Africans. The study tries to find out if entrepreneurship and risk taking is determined by culture. It also looks at how the businesses of these people are performing.