Previous research on stereotyping has focused on perceptions of and negative consequences for individuals who activate stereotypes based on their membership in one stigmatized group. In contrast, relatively little research has examined stereotyping following categorization of targets into more than one stigmatized group. This dissertation focuses on perceptions of individuals who activate more than one set of stereotypes. In particular, I focused on the combination of stereotypes associated with the older adult age group and the Black racial group - two stereotype sets which contain elements that directly contradict one another. To examine the interaction of these two sets of stereotypes, I examined perceptions of four types of targets: young Black men, young White men, old Black men, and old White men. In Chapter 1, I examine perceptions of anger and happiness on the faces of young and old Black and White men. These perceptions are examined among young (Study 1a) and old (Study 1b) perceivers. In Chapter 2, I attempt to bias these perceptions of facial emotion in line with race or age stereotypes using a categorization priming procedure. The final three studies examine more basic perceptions of these targets of interest. I examine current and projected trait-related perceptions of novel (Chapter 3) and famous (Chapter 4) young and old Black and White men at various points across the lifespan. Finally, in Chapter 5, I directly compare these four targets on a number of traits using a forced-choice comparison task for both current and projected ratings. Overall, the results of this dissertation suggest that race-based and age-based stereotypes combine via a process of selective inhibition. Specifically, old Black and White men are characterized according to the old age stereotypes which most strikingly contrast them against their younger counterparts. Compared with their corresponding young targets, this pattern results in relatively positive evaluations of older Black men, but relatively negative evaluations of older White men.

SAMMANFATTNINGSyftet: Syftet med denna systematiska litteraturstudie var att studera hur anhöriga till äldre personer upplevde sin situation i i samband med att de vårdade sina äldre hemma, hur de hanterade sin situation, samt vilka strategier de använde sig av för att hantera sin roll som anhörigvårdare. Metod: Databaserna Cinahl och Medline användes i sökningarna efter relevanta artiklar. Sökord som användes var relative and older people and home care, home health care and family caregiver elderly people, family caregivers and care givers of aging people, elderly people and family care givers of aging people, family care givers of older people, family caregivers and frail elderly, family caregiver and older people and home care, home care older people and family caregivers older people, family caregivers older people. Efter genomläsning bedömdes 16 artiklar vara användbara i resultatet. Dessa kom från vetenskapliga tidskrifter och artiklarna innehöll både kvalitativa studier som kvantitativa studier. Resultat: De flesta anhörigvårdare var kvinnor, de kunde uppleva en högre belastning än män. De anhöriga påverkades både mentalt, fysiskt och emotionellt. De kände sig bundna men kunde även känna ett välbefinnande i vården av den äldre personen. Anhöriga upplevde sin roll som anhörigvårdare till äldre personer i hemmen som att de var delaktiga i omsorgen genom praktiskt som känslomässigt stöd. Deras situation hade även inverkan på deras upplevelse av stress och hur de hanterade situationen. En del äldre anhörigvårdare var själva äldre och i behov av hjälp. Konsekvenserna av deras reaktioner/upplevelser beskrevs som både subjektiv och objektiv belastning. Samt att de även var mindre benägna att söka stöd i form av avlastning för sina äldre personer. Slutsats: Rollen som anhörigvårdare till äldre personer som vårdas i hemmen innebar förändringar i anhörigas livssituation, de fick ta ett stort ansvar för den äldre personen. De upplevde stora påfrestningar både känslomässigt som praktiskt, många kände sig ensamma utan stöd, andra hade olika sätt att hantera sin situation. Äldre anhörigvårdare var mer utsatta för belastning av olika skäl när de vårdade äldre personer i hemmet, dels var de själva äldre samt att de själva kunde vara i behov av hjälp för sina hälsoproblem. Kvinnorna var den grupp anhörigvårdare som upplevde störst belastning i vården av äldre personer i hemmet. När det gällde att söka hjälp och stöd såg det olika ut bland anhörigvårdarna, trots att kvinnorna upplevde störst belastning var de minst benägna att söka hjälp.

Univ., Diss.--Würzburg, 2006. / Literaturverz. S. 205 - 221.

Zugl.: Heidelberg, Universiẗat, Diss., 2009.

In the first section of the critical part of this thesis, we study the phenomenon of simultaneous narration in first-person singular prose fiction. In the second section of the critical part, we outline the defining traits of the omniscient "I"; by proposing this figure, we fill in a gap in current narratological theory. / The second part of this thesis, a short piece of prose fiction, is written in the first-person singular and uses simultaneous narration. The "I" is omniscient and occasionally exercises this power. The text begins when the heroine, Sarah, decides to tell the story of the rest of her life. No particular event justifies that she begin her story where she does, other than a sudden impulse to communicate what will be the story, that she still doesn't know, of her life.

No description available.

While eschatology provides the abiding horizon of Jürgen Moltmann's theology, the centre of his thinking, which conditions the contours of that horizon, is christology. In Part One, this thesis provides an analysis of the methodological considerations which shape Moltmann's christology. It demonstrates how Moltmann's elected hermeneutic strategy of interpreting Jesus within the horizon of promise enables his christology to determine the eschatological structure of his theology. Part Two then examines the actual product of this method. It analyses the succession of christologically determined models of the relationship between eschatology and history that can be found in moving from Theology of Hope to The Coming of God. Both the conceptual development of one idea from another, as well as the chronological development of ideas over time, are thus examined. In this thesis, however, analysis also serves the purpose of theological construction. Where Moltmann's proposals are seen to run into difficulty suggestions are made for how the tensions observed may be resolved in accordance with Moltmann's own root theological assumptions. The fundamental problem of Moltmann's eschatology is perceived to be the lack of an explicit account of how eschatological transcendence is related to historical becoming. In Part One this leads to the provision of a model of the inter-relationship of Jesus' universal (eschatological) significance and his particular relevance for the multifarious situations of the present creation. In Part Two this same problem leads to the construction of a christological model in which Jesus becomes in time who he is in adventus (the transcendent future). Achieving this comprehensively necessitates the provision of an account of the distinction and unity of the divinity and humanity of the one person of Christ. Only so does it prove possible to distinguish appropriately between what the one future of the new creation will mean for God and creation respectively. The thesis concludes by demonstrating the breadth of applicability of the christological insights developed by utilising them to address the question of the relationship between the economic and immanent Trinity.

Previous research on stereotyping has focused on perceptions of and negative consequences for individuals who activate stereotypes based on their membership in one stigmatized group. In contrast, relatively little research has examined stereotyping following categorization of targets into more than one stigmatized group. This dissertation focuses on perceptions of individuals who activate more than one set of stereotypes. In particular, I focused on the combination of stereotypes associated with the older adult age group and the Black racial group - two stereotype sets which contain elements that directly contradict one another. To examine the interaction of these two sets of stereotypes, I examined perceptions of four types of targets: young Black men, young White men, old Black men, and old White men. In Chapter 1, I examine perceptions of anger and happiness on the faces of young and old Black and White men. These perceptions are examined among young (Study 1a) and old (Study 1b) perceivers. In Chapter 2, I attempt to bias these perceptions of facial emotion in line with race or age stereotypes using a categorization priming procedure. The final three studies examine more basic perceptions of these targets of interest. I examine current and projected trait-related perceptions of novel (Chapter 3) and famous (Chapter 4) young and old Black and White men at various points across the lifespan. Finally, in Chapter 5, I directly compare these four targets on a number of traits using a forced-choice comparison task for both current and projected ratings. Overall, the results of this dissertation suggest that race-based and age-based stereotypes combine via a process of selective inhibition. Specifically, old Black and White men are characterized according to the old age stereotypes which most strikingly contrast them against their younger counterparts. Compared with their corresponding young targets, this pattern results in relatively positive evaluations of older Black men, but relatively negative evaluations of older White men.

Zugl.: Dresden, Techn. Univ., Habil.-Schr., 2003

Zugl.: Graz, Univ., Diss., 2006