O objetivo do presente estudo é analisar a imunidade dos templos de qualquer culto. Por intermédio do exame dos conceitos que compõem a normativa e dos parâmetros objetivos que lhe conferem limites, pretende-se fixar a extensão da prerrogativa assegurada no artigo 150 da Constituição Federal. Delimitado este substrato teórico, o trabalho propõe-se a refletir acerca da interpretação da imunidade religiosa diante do atual contexto fático das religiões brasileiras, buscando expor releituras aptas a fornecer respostas mais satisfatórias ao desvirtuamento da prerrogativa observado na prática. / The aim of this study is to analyse the tax immunity of religious temples. The concepts that compose the normative and the parameters objectives that allow its limits were analysed, in order to fix the extension of the privilege granted by the art. 150 of the Constitution of Federative Republic of Brazil. This theoretical study aims to reflect about the interpretation of religious tax immunity toward the current context of brazilian religions, trying to expose reviews of the current method to grant more satisfactory responses for the distortion of the benefit that is shown in practice

Human Computation methods such as crowdsourcing and games with a purpose (GWAP) have each recently drawn considerable attention for their ability to synergize the strengths of people and technology to accomplish tasks that are challenging for either to do well alone. Despite this increased attention, much of this transformation has been focused on a few selected areas of information science. This thesis contributes to the field of human computation as it applies to areas of information science, particularly information retrieval (IR). We begin by discussing the merits and limitations of applying crowdsourcing and game-based approaches to information science. We then develop a framework that examines the value of using crowdsourcing and game mechanisms to each step of an IR model. We identify three areas of the IR model that our framework indicates are likely to benefit from the application of human computation methods: acronym identification and resolution, relevance assessment, and query formulation. We conduct experiments that employ human computation methods, evaluate the benefits of these methods and report our findings. We conclude that employing human computation methods such as crowdsourcing and games, can improve the accuracy of many tasks currently being done by machine methods alone. We demonstrate that the best results can be achieved when human computation methods augment computer-based IR processes, providing an extra level of skills, abilities, and knowledge that computers cannot easily replicate.

[pt] O presente estudo tem por objetivo identificar e analisar, a partir do modelo proposto por Swales (1990), os movimentos retóricos existentes nas comunicações em VHF em inglês e os propósitos comunicativos subjacentes, em chamadas entre navios da Marinha Mercante. Ainda, procura discriminar nestas comunicações os elementos lexicais mais recorrentes no gênero com base no estudo de Halliday e Hasan (1976; 1994), mais especificamente sobre repetição. Estas comunicações descrevem cinco tipos de procedimentos básicos: Troca, Aviso, Perigo, Urgência e Segurança. O estudo qualitativo foi feito através da análise de 33 textos simulados de comunicações em VHF, retirados de livros técnicos de Inglês Marítimo e apostilas de exercícios, utilizados nos Cursos de Marinha Mercante. Foram realizadas, também, cinco entrevistas com oficiaisalunos de Náutica para confirmar a análise das variações identificadas nas simulações e para esclarecer as práticas comunicativas da comunidade mercante, face as variações percebidas nos textos. Ademais, a análise dos textos revela elementos obrigatórios e opcionais nas chamadas simuladas e sugere que as mudanças em suas estruturas são principalmente lexicais. Os resultados mostram que cada movimento possui um conjunto de funções próprias, realizado pelas escolhas léxico-gramaticais específicas. / [en] This research identifies and analyzes the rhetorical structure of VHF communication in English on Merchant Marine ships and the communicative purposes underlying this communication, using SWALES (1990) model originally created for the analysis of introductions in research papers. The research also analyses the lexical choices for the genre, based on Halliday e Hasan (1976; 1994). VHF communication includes five types of basic procedures: Exchange, Broadcast, Pan Pan, Mayday, and Sécurité. The qualitative study was conducted by means of the textual analysis of 33 simulations of VHF communication, all taken from course books and practice materials for Maritime English, used at the Merchant Marine course in Rio de Janeiro. Interviews were also conducted with five student- officers from the Nautical area, so as to confirm the analysis of the variations identified in the simulations and to clarify the communicative practices of the merchant community, in light of the variations observed in the texts. The textual analysis shows obligatory and optional elements in the rhetorical structure of the simulated communications and indicates that the variations in the structure are primarily lexical. The results also show that each movement possesses its own set of functions that are realized by lexical and grammatical choices.

This bachelor thesis studies a sample of trepanned individuals/cranium from Sweden and Russia with the intention of uncovering similarities-  and or differences between the conducted trepanations  and their context.  Neolithic trepanned  cranium  found at the end of the 1800(s) and/or start of the 1900(s), generate frequent questions among scientist and scholars alike to this day. The motive for these interventions is unfortunately still unclear. However, the current prevailing belief within scholarly circles is that these procedures are intentional acts and/or even diverging ritualistic in their manner is gaining more sympathizers each day.

This diploma thesis deals with the design of a workplace concept for the purpose of machining semifinished bolts used in automotive industry. The workplace includes a special purpose machine, input and output slip and robotic handling. Layout of the workplace is also part of the work. Further, the work is focused on the specific design of the special purpose machine and the 6th-axis robot gripping end effector is more detailed.

The aim of this thesis is to design a one-purpose machine for grinding concrete light-permeable bricks LiCrete. The bricks LiCrete are a new interior design component. The final step of manufacturing is wet grinding with high quality and accuracy. At the same time it is grinded the concrete and light-permeable parts made by polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA). It is important to keep size and quality appearance of the bricks. The research part contains description of the problems related to the grinding of the bricks LiCrete. The next part is about conceptual variants of the solution. The construction contains the complex solution of one-purpose machine with technical drawings. The last part include a conceptual design of continuous high-productive machine for grinding LiCrete bricks.

The task of this thesis is a design and a construction of a semi-automatic single-purpose machine. This machine is designed for testing seven types of wiring harnesses, which are going to be tested, whether they contain all needed parts. The machine also measures some parts of the harnesses. It is necessary to use more types of sensors in the design and the construction of the single-purpose machine. All controlling and measuring processes are automatic. An operator of the machine just inserts the wiring harness into a fixture, activates the program, then removes controled harness and puts it into the right box. The task of this thesis is solved in a cooperation with Mechatronic Design & Solutions s.r.o. company.

The aim of this diploma thesis is to design a single-purpose machine for machining steering wheel lever from PUR. The problem with the current state was the need of manpower for machine a large number of levers. The automated machining process eliminates the problem. The result of the work is a detailed 3D model of a single-purpose machine created in the Onshape program, drawing documentation of several parts of the equipment, economic evaluation and risk analysis of the machine. The conclusion of the thesis contains an evaluation of the whole project.

The aim oh the thesis is the design of a multifunctional building including layout for a particular purpose and design of appropriate structural supporting system. The building is located in a city´s gap site and consists of office space, residential units, a shopping mall and areas for underground parking. The building has two underground and six aboveground floors and is covered by a flat roof. Supporting vertical and horizontal structures are made of reinforced concrete. The thesis consist of technical reports, which are arranged according to Annex 5 of Decree No. 62/2013 and graphic attachments.

My dissertation describes the procedure and results of designing a single-purpose machine, which is designed for forming a stainless metal product from an initial semi-finished product. This semi-finished product is a 0.28mm-thick stainless-steel plate. The introduction of my dissertation outlines the evolution of the pulling technology in the Czech Republic and abroad and describes its further details. This research part also includes an overview of individual machines according to the CSN. The practical part is then further dedicated to the exploration of individual issues and requirements for designing the machine itself as well as designing the machine according to the requirements of the final pulled product.