I investigate the depths of memory, the entanglement of personal recollections with communal knowledge (learned semantic information from media and society such as facts and social norms) and the changing perceptions of environments over time. Memories define us. Throughout life we are exposed to vast quantities of imagery through a variety of media and personal experiences. Over time our firsthand experiences and what we witness in film, print, photography, and the internet become indistinguishable in our memory. My work recreates consequential scenes from my past through technical drawings and blended imagery while exploring the possibilities provided by the interaction of common knowledge and the ambiguous nature of memory.

Cette thèse analyse l’oubli et les verbes de même famille sur les plans physique et psychologique au sein du corpus aristotélicien, analyse qui à notre connaissance n’a encore jamais été menée. Cette étude apporte aussi un commentaire du De memoria et reminiscentia en examinant les conceptions de la mémoire et de la réminiscence d’Aristote. À travers l’analyse des occurrences de l’oubli et de ses verbes, elle émet l’hypothèse d’un sens cohérent de l’oubli. L’oubli serait une destruction partielle d’un état particulier de science et de réminiscence. Il serait provoqué par la présence du contraire de la science, l’ignorance. Son genre serait intellectuel. Il serait permanent, quoique rare et exceptionnel, ne faisant pas partie du processus normal d’apprentissage de la connaissance. Bien que l’oubli n’apparaisse pas dans le De memoria, sa définition est utile afin de faire rejaillir la nature sensitive de la mémoire et la particularité de la conception aristotélicienne de la réminiscence. En ce qui a trait à la mémoire, cette thèse suggère qu’elle est une sorte particulière d’affection et de possession de choses perçues ou conçues par le passé après un écoulement de temps. La mémoire permet une unification des multiples souvenirs que l’on acquiert au cours de son vécu, unification qui a lieu non seulement par rapport à différents souvenirs, mais aussi en ce qui concerne les diverses facettes d’un seul souvenir. En localisant la mémoire dans la sensation première, Aristote fournirait une description de l’âme sensitive nécessaire pour qu’un animal possède la mémoire. En considérant que la mémoire applique la notion du temps aux objets sensibles comme intellectuels, Aristote montrerait sa conception synergétique des fonctions psychiques interagissant entre elles. Le fait de se dire en son âme que l’on a auparavant perçu ou appris ne serait pas une affirmation excluant les animaux, le processus décrit étant entièrement sensitif, et l’expression « se dire en son âme » décrivant un fonctionnement de l’âme sensitive. La mémoire, selon Aristote, aurait besoin de l’image. Mais cette thèse suggère de lire les lignes I 450a24-25 et I 451a14-17 en insistant sur la spécificité de l’objet de mémoire. Ces lignes insisteraient sur le fait que bien qu’accidentellement une image, le souvenir ne serait pas imaginaire, mais serait au contraire une copie des choses perçues et apprises par le passé. Les défaillances mnémoniques seraient des phénomènes physiologiques et sensitifs qui ne seraient pas des oublis. La réminiscence serait une délibération donnant les moyens de remonter vers des souvenirs et connaissances que l’intellect aurait établis en tant que fin. Elle permettrait de soigner le souvenir en contemplant à répétition l’objet de mémoire. Elle apporterait une capacité de synthétisation des souvenirs et permettrait de se remémorer une connaissance que l’intellect souhaiterait contempler. Elle emploierait des mouvements nécessaires ou habituels et un point de départ. Les problèmes de réminiscence seraient de nature physiologique, la réminiscence étant un exercice de l’intellect interagissant avec le composé corps-âme. Ces problèmes ne seraient pas non plus des oublis. / This thesis examines forgetfulness in Aristotle on a physical as well as psychological level. It also offers a commentary of De memoria et reminiscentia, studying memory and reminiscence in this treatise. It examines the various occurrences of forgetfulness and verbs of the same family and deduces its definition from these excerpts. It thus appears that forgetfulness is a destruction of science which does not destroy the whole living being, but only the state of knowledge which is affected by its contrary, ignorance. Forgetting is therefore permanent, but it is exceptional and it does not destroy the intellect. While forgetfulness does not appear in the De memoria, its definition is useful in order to insist on the fact that memory belongs to the sensitive part of the soul and in order to show how Aristotle’s conception of reminiscence is particular. With respect to memory, this thesis mainly suggests that, as a special sort of possession and affection of perception and science, it is able to unify multiple memories that are acquired throughout life. It unifies not only different memories, but also different aspects of a single memory. The De memoria actually describes to us how an animal’s sensitive soul must be in order for it to have memory. Located in the primary perception, memory would be an example of Aristotle’ synergetic conception of the soul, since it would apply the sense of time both to intellectual and perceptual objects. The expression “saying in one’s soul’’ that one has perceived or learned is not one which excludes animals, because it describes a sensitive process. While memory requires an image, it is not a product of our imagination. This thesis thus reads the lines I 450a24-25 and I 451a14-17 as meaning that objects of memory are not objects of imagination. Of course, Aristotle does state that memory needs images. But he nevertheless stresses that objects of memory are copies and are not phantasies. Memory problems are physiological or related to the sensitive part of the soul. They are not a destruction of science like forgetfulness is. Reminiscence is a deliberation which finds the means to attain a specific memory or knowledge determined as an end by the intellect. Reminiscence can preserve memory through the repetitive contemplation of its object as a copy. It can synthesize memories and can recollect a knowledge which the intellect wishes to contemplate. Starting from a principle, it uses necessary or habitual movements. Since recollecting is an intellectual exercise which interacts with the sensitive part of the soul, difficulties in recollecting are caused by physiological problems. These problems are not destructions of science and they are not equivalent to forgetting.

The present study explored the interaction of reconstructive and reproductive memory processes in children’s recall for stories. Specifically, kindergartners, second-graders, and fourth-graders were compared on accuracy measures of both recall structure and content as a function of the form of the presented story and the recall instructions provided. Forty-six kindergartners, 45 second-graders, and 48 fourth-graders listened to four two-episode stories. In two of the stories, the episodes were presented separately (standard story form); in the remaining two stories, propositions from the first and second episodes alternated (interleaved story form). Following a distractor task, children were asked to retell the story either, 1) exactly as they heard it, 2) making a “good” story out of it, or 3) without specific instructions. Multiple measures of structural and content recall accuracy were obtained. The general findings contradict those of Mandler and DeForest (1979) in suggesting that older children adopt a non-schematic (reproductive) recall strategy with regard to story structure. Further, the results for the content accuracy measures show that second- and fourth-graders remember fewer presented words verbatim and produce more theme-relevant elaborations, substitutions, and inferences than younger children. Clearly both story structure and content must be considered in evaluating developmental trends in reconstructive and reproductive recall. / M.S.

This study was designed to investigate the effects of retrieval on memory for prose in second-graders and adults. Specifically, this study assessed the effects of retrieving an interleaved story in canonical form on the subsequent retrieval of that story in its originally presented interleaved form. Subjects were randomly assigned to one of five conditions. The critical comparisons were between the invalidation condition and its control condition. In the invalidation condition, the experimenter said that the initial instructions to recall the story were incorrect and that the subjects should now recall the story exactly as presented. Subjects in the control condition were asked to recall the story exactly as presented after recalling the story canonically. The results indicated that the nature of recall was greatly influenced by the demands of the retrieval task. Second-graders and adults made more theme-irrelevant elaborations in the invalidation condition than in the control condition. Second-graders' recall protocol was more congruent with the most recent recall instructions when their former recall instructions were invalidated than in the control condition. In contrast, adults' recall protocol was congruent with the most recent recall instructions whether or not their initial recall instructions were invalidated. Congruence was measured by episode clustering (ARC) and by input-output Spearman Rank Order Correlation. These findings suggest that conditions at retrieval and not at encoding appear to determine what form recall will take. Further, the findings of this study suggest that second-graders are more likely to internalize experimenter provided retrieval plans than are adults and are more likely to abandon these retrieval plans when provided with negative evidence for their internalized plan. Schmidt and Schmidt (in preparation) have recently argued that recall is influenced by a retrieval plan and that one of the sources through which a retrieval plan can be generated is through the retrieval context. They also argue that the retrieval context should have its most powerful impact when limited or inappropriate retrieval plans are available to the subject. The differences between second-graders and adults reported here serve to support this view. / Ph. D.

Résumé: L’objectif général de la thèse était de caractériser les déficits de reconnaissance mnésique dans la maladie d’Alzheimer et le trouble cognitif léger. La thèse comprend trois articles. Le premier article propose une recension des écrits portant sur les déficits cognitifs dans le trouble cognitif léger, alors que les deux articles suivants rapportent les résultats d’études expérimentales portant sur la reconnaissance. Le but de la première étude empirique était d’évaluer l’impact du type de matériel sur la reconnaissance à long terme et la reconnaissance à court terme dans la maladie d’Alzheimer en comparant l’atteinte pour des stimuli verbaux et musicaux. Nos analyses de groupe ont révélé que les atteintes des personnes avec maladie d’Alzheimer s’étendaient à toutes les épreuves et que les déficits étaient d’une ampleur comparable en reconnaissance musicale et verbale. Les analyses corrélationnelles appuient, bien que partiellement, une certaine spécificité d’atteintes par domaine, particulièrement en reconnaissance à long terme, mais suggèrent également que les deux domaines puissent partager certains mécanismes. L’objectif de la seconde étude était de caractériser les processus utilisés en reconnaissance dans le vieillissement normal et le trouble cognitif léger en fonction de la nouveauté et du type de matériel. L’étude évaluait la recollection et la familiarité à l’aide de la méthode remember/know. Les tâches étaient composées d’items connus et d’items nouveaux faisant partie du domaine verbal ou du domaine musical. Les résultats ont révélé que la recollection était atteinte dans le vieillissement normal et le trouble cognitif léger, mais uniquement pour la reconnaissance de stimuli connus, ce qui est compatible avec le fait que les deux groupes ont de la difficulté à encoder l’information de façon élaborée. D’autre part, la familiarité était compromise dans le vieillissement normal, sans impact additionnel du trouble cognitif léger, et seulement pour la reconnaissance de stimuli inconnus. Cette atteinte peut être associée aux difficultés des aînés dans les tâches d’amorçage perceptif impliquant des items inconnus. Les résultats découlant de ces études s’avèrent pertinents dans une perspective clinique, en plus de pouvoir contribuer à certaines questions d’ordre théorique. / Abstract: The main objective of this thesis was to characterize recognition memory deficits in Alzheimer’s disease and mild cognitive impairment. The thesis includes three articles. The first paper proposes a literature review on the cognitive deficits observed in mild cognitive impairment, whereas the following articles report results from experimental studies on memory recognition. The goal of the first empirical study was to assess the impact of the type of material on long-term recognition and short-term recognition in Alzheimer’s disease comparing deficits in the verbal and musical domains. Results indicated that musical long-term recognition and short-term recognition were impaired in Alzheimer’s disease. Furthermore, musical deficits were of the same magnitude as those found in the verbal domain. A positive correlation was however observed between musical and verbal short-term recognition, whereas it was not the case in long-term recognition. These data thus partially support the presence of domain-specific impairments, particularly in long-term recognition, but also suggest that musical and verbal memory could share some mechanisms. The goal of the second study was to evaluate the impact of the novelty and the type of material on recognition processes in normal aging and mild cognitive impairment. The study assessed two processes that contribute to recognition memory: recollection and familiarity. These processes were measured using the remember/know procedure. Recognition tasks were composed of well-known stimuli and novel stimuli in the verbal domain and in the musical domain. Results revealed that recollection was impaired by normal aging and mild cognitive impairment, but only for the recognition of well-known items. This is compatible with the fact that both groups have difficulty encoding information in an elaborate manner. In turn, familiarity was impaired by normal aging, with no additional impact of mild cognitive impairment, and only for the recognition of novel items. This deficit could be associated with impaired perceptual priming effects for novel stimuli that are reported in normal aging. The results reported in this thesis are relevant from a clinical perspective, and could also contribute to theoretical issues.

La mémoire de reconnaissance visuelle (MRV) est atteinte précocement dans la maladie d'Alzheimer (MA). Or, elle reposerait sur deux processus : la familiarité (simple sentiment d'avoir déjà rencontré un item) et la recollection (récupération de détails associés à l'item lors de son encodage). Si la recollection est clairement atteinte au début de la MA, les résultats concernant la familiarité sont à ce jour contradictoires. Supposée plus rapide que la recollection, la familiarité devrait pouvoir être évaluée directement par une approche temporelle. Son atteinte dans la MA pourrait alors être mieux comprise.Pour tester ces hypthèses, la procédure comportementale SAB (Speed and Accuracy Boosting) a été créée. Permettant d'étudier les propriétés de la MRV (sa vitesse-limite, Articles 1 et 2, ou sa nature « bottom-up », Article 3), ainsi que l'hypothèse que la familiarité est plus rapide que la recollection, cette méthode s'est montrée évaluer majoritairement la familiarité (Article 1). Chez des patients à risque de MA, une dissociation inattendue au sein de la familiarité a alors pu être révélée, avec une atteinte des signaux tardifs de familiarité (utilisés lors d'un jugement classique), mais une préservation des premiers signaux (supportant la détection rapide évaluée en SAB) (Article 4).En outre, la segmentation manuelle d'images IRM du lobe temporal interne (premières régions cérébrales touchées dans la MA, et clées pour la MRV) a été appliquée à la problématique connexe de l'effet de l'âge au début de la MA (Article 5).Indépendamment, ces méthodes ont permis de mieux comprendre la MRV et son atteinte au début de la MA ; leur combinaison s'annonce très prometteuse. / Visual recognition memory (VRM) is impaired early in Alzheimer's Disease (AD), but would rely on two processes : familiarity (mere feeling that an item has been seen previously) and recollection (retrieval of details associated to the item at encoding). If recollection is clearly impaired in early AD, results concerning familiarity remain contradictory. Supposed to be faster than recollection, familiarity should be better understood using a temporal approach. Its possible impairment in AD could then be better understood.In order to test this, a behavioural procedure was designed: the SAB (Speed and Accuracy Boosting). Revealing different properties of VRM (its speed-limit, Articles 1 and 2; its « bottom-up » nature, Article 3) and some of its processes (familiarity appeares indeed faster than recollection, Article 1), results showed that the SAB procedure was mainly assessing familiarity (Article 1). In patients at risk of AD, an unexpected dissociation within familiarity processes was evidenced, with an impairment of late signals of familiarity (as used for classical judgements), but a preservation of the first signals (supporting fast detection assessed with the SAB) (Article 4).Last, manual segmentation of MRI images of the medial temporal lobe (first cerebral regions affected in AD, known for their key role in VRM) was also used to assess age effect at the early stage of AD (Article 5).Independently, both methods allowed understanding better the VRM and its impairment in early AD; their combination appears very promising.

Résumé: L’objectif général de la thèse était de caractériser les déficits de reconnaissance mnésique dans la maladie d’Alzheimer et le trouble cognitif léger. La thèse comprend trois articles. Le premier article propose une recension des écrits portant sur les déficits cognitifs dans le trouble cognitif léger, alors que les deux articles suivants rapportent les résultats d’études expérimentales portant sur la reconnaissance. Le but de la première étude empirique était d’évaluer l’impact du type de matériel sur la reconnaissance à long terme et la reconnaissance à court terme dans la maladie d’Alzheimer en comparant l’atteinte pour des stimuli verbaux et musicaux. Nos analyses de groupe ont révélé que les atteintes des personnes avec maladie d’Alzheimer s’étendaient à toutes les épreuves et que les déficits étaient d’une ampleur comparable en reconnaissance musicale et verbale. Les analyses corrélationnelles appuient, bien que partiellement, une certaine spécificité d’atteintes par domaine, particulièrement en reconnaissance à long terme, mais suggèrent également que les deux domaines puissent partager certains mécanismes. L’objectif de la seconde étude était de caractériser les processus utilisés en reconnaissance dans le vieillissement normal et le trouble cognitif léger en fonction de la nouveauté et du type de matériel. L’étude évaluait la recollection et la familiarité à l’aide de la méthode remember/know. Les tâches étaient composées d’items connus et d’items nouveaux faisant partie du domaine verbal ou du domaine musical. Les résultats ont révélé que la recollection était atteinte dans le vieillissement normal et le trouble cognitif léger, mais uniquement pour la reconnaissance de stimuli connus, ce qui est compatible avec le fait que les deux groupes ont de la difficulté à encoder l’information de façon élaborée. D’autre part, la familiarité était compromise dans le vieillissement normal, sans impact additionnel du trouble cognitif léger, et seulement pour la reconnaissance de stimuli inconnus. Cette atteinte peut être associée aux difficultés des aînés dans les tâches d’amorçage perceptif impliquant des items inconnus. Les résultats découlant de ces études s’avèrent pertinents dans une perspective clinique, en plus de pouvoir contribuer à certaines questions d’ordre théorique. / Abstract: The main objective of this thesis was to characterize recognition memory deficits in Alzheimer’s disease and mild cognitive impairment. The thesis includes three articles. The first paper proposes a literature review on the cognitive deficits observed in mild cognitive impairment, whereas the following articles report results from experimental studies on memory recognition. The goal of the first empirical study was to assess the impact of the type of material on long-term recognition and short-term recognition in Alzheimer’s disease comparing deficits in the verbal and musical domains. Results indicated that musical long-term recognition and short-term recognition were impaired in Alzheimer’s disease. Furthermore, musical deficits were of the same magnitude as those found in the verbal domain. A positive correlation was however observed between musical and verbal short-term recognition, whereas it was not the case in long-term recognition. These data thus partially support the presence of domain-specific impairments, particularly in long-term recognition, but also suggest that musical and verbal memory could share some mechanisms. The goal of the second study was to evaluate the impact of the novelty and the type of material on recognition processes in normal aging and mild cognitive impairment. The study assessed two processes that contribute to recognition memory: recollection and familiarity. These processes were measured using the remember/know procedure. Recognition tasks were composed of well-known stimuli and novel stimuli in the verbal domain and in the musical domain. Results revealed that recollection was impaired by normal aging and mild cognitive impairment, but only for the recognition of well-known items. This is compatible with the fact that both groups have difficulty encoding information in an elaborate manner. In turn, familiarity was impaired by normal aging, with no additional impact of mild cognitive impairment, and only for the recognition of novel items. This deficit could be associated with impaired perceptual priming effects for novel stimuli that are reported in normal aging. The results reported in this thesis are relevant from a clinical perspective, and could also contribute to theoretical issues.

Over the last 30 or more years evidence has accumulated in favour of the view that memory is not a unitary faculty; rather, it can be subdivided into a num- ber of functionally independent subsystems. Whilst dividing memory phenomena into these distinct subsystems has undoubtedly advanced our understanding of memory as a whole, the approach of studying subsystems in isolation fails to address potential interactions between them. Over the last few decades there has been a gradual increase in the number of studies attempting to move be- yond dissociation by characterising functional interactions between subsystems of memory. The main aim of this thesis was to contribute to this endeavour, by examining interactions between two specific subsystems that are positioned on opposite sides of the declarative and non-declarative divide in long-term mem- ory: priming and episodic recognition. Event-Related Potentials (ERPs) were employed to monitor neural markers of repetition priming and episodic memory during recognition tests with masked priming of test cues. In the standard pro- cedure, half of the studied and unstudied test trials began with a brief (48ms) masked repetition of the to-be-recognized word prior to the onset of test items; the remaining unprimed trials were preceded by the word “blank”. The pattern of priming effects across experiments was reasonably consistent, with differences between experiments directly related to the intended manipulations. In contrast to priming effects, the pattern of memory effects was variable across experiments, demonstrating that the engagement of explicit recognition signals is influenced by the outcome of implicit processing, and suggesting that interactions between priming and explicit retrieval processes do occur. Taken together, results from experiments reported in this thesis indicate (1) that under certain circumstances, priming is sufficient to support accurate recognition and does not necessitate changes in memory performance, (2) that mid-frontal old/new effects indexing familiarity are not merely driven by repeated access to semantic information, and (3) that priming influences neural correlates of recollection by speeding their onset. Overall, the data clearly demonstrate that there are multiple potentially interacting routes to recognition.

A presente pesquisa investiga uma modalidade de prática estética no campo das artes cênicas, desenvolvida com a participação de artistas e outros interessados. Fundada em uma perspectiva existencial da experiência estética, tal modalidade baseia-se em pressupostos elaborados a partir do estudo de aspectos da obra do autor dinamarquês Søren Kierkegaard (1813-1855) e apresenta uma dupla problemática: a singeleza do desejo de expressar a existência poética e a ambiguidade contida em um tema kierkegaardiano por excelência: a vontade de tornar-se si mesmo. A noção de estética existencial é abordada no plano dessa modalidade de prática que, situada filosoficamente no contexto da obra A Doença para a Morte (1849), no âmbito do chamado \"desespero-desafio\" e da \"existência poética orientada ao religioso\", tateia os limites da linguagem verbal, compreendida como \"espaço de possibilidade\", a fim de facultar uma interlocução sui generis entre pontos específicos da rota de leitura perscrutada e os efeitos estéticos de sua recepção. Assim, paralelamente às questões focalizadas em A Doença para a Morte, a escrita trilha a via da participante em primeira pessoa, procurando se acercar da problematização suscitada pela prática proposta, mediante um itinerário peculiar de leitura de alguns tópicos presentes na produção pseudonímica de Kierkegaard, particularizados em capítulos selecionados das obras: Ou-Ou. Um Fragmento de Vida (1843); Temor e Tremor. Lírica Dialética (1843); A Repetição. Um ensaio em Psicologia Experimental (1843); Estádios no Caminho da Vida. Estudos por pessoas diversas (1845). Por meio dessa rota de leitura buscamos circunscrever, fundamentalmente, as vias e os limites da idealidade estética pela afirmação de duas instâncias existenciais que escapam à linguagem verbal e, portanto, resistem à representação: o erótico imediato e a fé. Com esse escopo, a tese se compõe de três partes: Ato I: apresentação do princípio e dos limites da noção de estética existencial no campo problematizado por nossa prática, a partir da relação entre estética e existência; Ato II: exposição das vias da prática estética em seus pressupostos, com a identificação dos artistas e participantes na pesquisa na qualidade de coautores, e do Livro de Cultivo, método-objeto criado para abrigar as proposições estéticas associadas ao Stemning, título do primeiro capítulo da obra Temor e Tremor, eixo central da nossa prática. Em acréscimo, investigação conceitual acerca da própria noção de stemning (do dinamarquês: \"atmosfera\", \"disposição\", \"afinação\", \"tonalidade afetiva\", \"estado de espírito\", \"ambiência\"), vinculada à instância do erótico imediato; Ato III: reconhecimento do ato de assistir e de ser assistido como finalidade da recordação pelo entendimento de que recordar a obra é assisti-la; exame da idealidade estética da recordação como poder poético. Com isso, articulamos nossa própria recordação da prática realizada por meio daquilo que consideramos o princípio formal da problematização: uma recordação filmada, que consiste no \"processo de produção\" [making of] da coleta ou colheita das resultantes estéticas geradas pelo envolvimento dos participantes, na posição tanto de produtores como de espectadores. / The present research looks into a modality of aesthetic practice within the field of performing arts, and it was developed with the participation of artists and other interested parties. This modality, based on assumptions put forth from the study of aspects of the works of the Danish author Søren Kierkegaard (1813-1855), is founded in an existential perspective of the aesthetic experience and it introduces a double problematic: the simplicity of the desire to express poetic existence and the ambiguity in a kierkegaardian theme par excellence: the willingness to become oneself. The notion of existential aesthetics is approached within this modality of practice, which is philosophically situated in the context of the book The Sickness Unto Death (1849) as well as within the scope of the so-called \"defiant despair\" and the \"poet-existence inclined towards the religion\". This modality of practice probes the limits of verbal language, understood as \"space of possibility\", in order to allow for a sui generis dialog between specific spots in the examined reading itinerary and the aesthetic effects of its reception. Thus, alongside the issues focused on The Sickness Unto Death, the text follows the path of the participant in first person and seeks to encompass the problematization raised by the proposed practice, which is assisted by a peculiar reading itinerary of some topics included within the pseudonymous production of Kierkegaard, particularized in selected chapters of the works: Either/Or. A Fragment of Life (1843); Fear and Trembling. Dialectical Lyric (1843); Repetition. A Venture in Experimenting Psychology (1843); Stages on Life\"s way. Studies by Various Persons (1845). Through this reading itinerary, we fundamentally seek to circumscribe the avenues and limits of the aesthetic ideality by showcasing two existential instances that evade verbal language and, therefore, resist representation: the immediate eroticism and the faith. Within this scope, this thesis consists of three parts: Act I: presentation of the principle and limits of the notion of existential aesthetics within the field problematized by our practice, based on the relationship between aesthetics and existence; Act II: exposition of the avenues of the aesthetic practice within its assumptions, with the identification of the artists and participants in the research as coauthors, and of the Book of Cultivation, a method-object that was conceived to contain the aesthetic propositions associated with Stemning, title of the first section of Fear and Trembling and central axis of our practice. In addition, act II brings the conceptual investigation about the notion of stemning itself (Danish for: \"mood\", \"tuning up\", \"attunement\" \"atmosphere\") linked to the instance of the immediate eroticism; Act III: recognition of the act of watching/assisting and being watched/assisted as the goal of the recollection through the understanding that to recollect the work means to watch/assist it; examination of the aesthetic ideality of recollection as poetic power. With this, we articulate our own recollection of the practice performed by that which we consider the formal beginning of the problematization: a filmed recollection consisting in the making-of of the collection or harvest of the resulting aesthetics generated by the involvement of the participants in the position of producers as well as that of spectators.

Kersten, Earles, and Berger (2015) reported a distinction between two kinds of motion representations. Extrinsic motions involve the path of a person or object, with respect to an external frame of reference. Intrinsic motions involve the manner in which the various parts of a person or object move. They found that intrinsic motions are encoded and remembered with the corresponding actor performing the motions in a unitized memory representation. Extrinsic motions are encoded as separate memory representations, making them more difficult to accurately associate with the correct actor. In the proposed experiment, I will examine the generality of this distinction in motion representation, and investigate whether the unitization of intrinsic motion with its corresponding actor occurs during reading comprehension tasks. / Includes bibliography. / Thesis (M.A.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2016. / FAU Electronic Theses and Dissertations Collection