Bakalauro darbe analizuojama afazijų ištiktų žmonių rašymo grįžimo dinamika. Suformuota hipotezė, kad gebėjimą rašyti padeda grąžinti ankstyvos rašymo pratybos. Tirti afazijų ištikti VšĮ Šiaulių apskrities ligoninės ir VšĮ Klaipėdos ligoninės pacientai, patyrę galvos smegenų insultą ar po galvos smegenų naviko šalinimo operacijos. Atvejo analizės metodu išsiaiškinta, kaip kinta paciento rašymo įgūdžiai nuo reabilitacijos pradžios iki reabilitacijai skirto laiko pabaigos. Tyrimo metu identifikuotas rašymo sutrikimų pobūdis esant įvairioms afazijoms ir iškeltas tikslas, išsiaiškinti rašomosios kalbos grąžinimo ypatumus skirtingų afazijų atvejais. Norint įvykdyti numatytą tikslą, buvo išsikelti šie uždaviniai: • Išanalizuoti medicininę, pedagoginę, psichologinę literatūrą nagrinėjamu klausimu. • Identifikuoti rašymo sutrikimų pobūdį esant įvairioms afazijoms. • Atskleisti asmenų, praradusių gebėjimą kalbėti, rašymo kaitą nuo reabilitacijos pradžios iki reabilitacijai skirto laiko pabaigos. Išaiškėjo, kad rašymo sutrikimų pobūdis priklauso nuo afazijų rūšies. Tiriamųjų rašomosios kalbos grįžimas vyko individualiai, priklausomai nuo afazijų pobūdžio, formos, laipsnio, įtakos turėjo tiriamojo amžius, išsimokslinimas, lytis bei asmeninės žmogaus savybės. Atliktas tyrimas parodė, jog reabilitacijos pradžioje dauguma pacientų negebėjo savarankiškai rašyti ir tik iš dalies nurašinėjo pateiktus žodžius. Reabilitacijos pabaigoje tiriamieji aktyviai pradėjo nurašinėti, o dalis... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / There is an analysis result of the return of writing skill in Aphasia in this Bachelor Final Work. The hypothesis says: early writing practice determinate faster return of writing skills. For the analysis there were examined patients with traumatic brains injuries and patients who had brain tumor operations in Šiauliai Country Hospital and Klaipėda Hospital. To find out how is changing patients writing skills in the beginning and the end of rehabilitation there was used a case study method. The analysis showed character of writing problems in different kinds of Aphasia. The mane goal of the analysis was to find out particularity of return of writing skills in the case of different kinds of Aphasia. To answer the mane goal there were formed there tasks: • Make an analysis of medical, pedagogical, psychological literature. • Indent the nature of writing skills in different kinds of Aphasia. • Reveal dynamics of writing skills in the beginning and in the end of rehabilitation for the patients who lost their speaking skills. The analysis showed that the nature of writing skills depends of the kind of Aphasia. The return of writing skills was individual, depended on the kind, form and grad of Aphasia. Age, education, sex and personal characteristics had also impact the return of writing skills. This investigation helped to find out that in the beginning of rehabilitation many patients could not write by themselves and partly could rewrite the words. In the end of... [to full text]

Objective: The purposes of this thesis included: i) To explore the annual incidence and time-loss duration of traumatic, work-related injuries of four nature-of-injury (fractures, nerve lacerations, tendon lacerations/disruptions and amputations) and two part-of-body categories (hand and wrist); and ii) To identify the incidence and time-loss duration, and examine explanatory variables that were associated with time-loss duration for subjects with hand fractures. Methodology: Data on incidence, time-loss duration and explanatory variables were reviewed on claims accepted between January – December 2006 at WorkSafe-New Brunswick. Descriptive statistics and non-parametric tests were used to explore incidence and time-loss duration. Using a biopsychosocial framework, explanatory variables associated with time-loss duration were analyzed using Cox Proportional Hazards regression. Results: The incidence for hand and wrist trauma involving fractures, tendon lacerations/disruptions and amputations was low (3%). Incidence was significantly higher for fractures and for injuries to the hand, while time-loss duration was significantly higher for the wrist (p< .05). The incidence rate of hand fractures was low (1.5%) and average time-loss duration was high (92 days). Increased time-loss duration was associated with greater medical aid costs (used as a proxy for injury severity) older age and increased receipt of therapy (Physiotherapy/Occupational Therapy). Conclusions: The annual incidence of specific injuries involving the hand and wrist is challenging to compare to the literature since incidence is presented in many ways. Time-loss duration following hand and wrist injuries is highly variable. Time-loss duration for hand fractures exceeded reports in the literature and predicted values reported in disability duration guidelines. Consideration of the impairment, personal and environmental factors is warranted to provide a framework to the return-to-work process for all stakeholders involved in the care of the hand- and wrist-injured worker.

Inhibition of return (IOR) is a cognitive phenomenon whereby reaction times (RTs) are slower to cued relative to uncued targets at cue-target onset asynchronies (CTOAs) greater than approximately 300 ms. One important theory of IOR proposes that there are two mutually exclusive forms of IOR, with an attentional/perceptual form arising when the oculomotor system is actively suppressed, and a motoric form arising when it is engaged (Taylor & Klein, 2000). Other theories propose that IOR is the result of multiple, additive neural mechanisms (Abrams & Dobkin, 1994). Here, we have performed computational simulations and empirical investigations in an attempt to reconcile these two competing theories. Using a dynamic neural field (DNF) model of the intermediate layers of the superior colliculus (iSC), we have modeled both a sensory adaptation mechanism of IOR, and a motoric mechanism resulting from the aftereffects of saccadic eye movements. Simulating these mechanisms, we replicated behavior and neurophysiology in a number of variations on the traditional cue-target paradigm (Posner, 1980). Predictions driven by these simulations have led to the proposal of many behavioral and neuroimaging experiments which further examine the plausibility of a 2-mechanisms theory of IOR. Contrary to our original predictions, we demonstrated that saccades are biased away from cued targets in a paired target saccade averaging paradigm, even at short CTOAs. In paradigms thought to recruit both sensory and motoric mechanisms, we robustly demonstrated that there are at least two independent, additive mechanisms of IOR when tasks require saccadic responses to targets. When similar paradigms were tested with manual responses to targets, additivity effects did not hold, implying that the motoric mechanism of IOR does not transfer from the oculomotor to skeletomotor systems. Furthermore, across numerous experiments using event-related potential (ERP) techniques, we have demonstrated that P1 component reductions are neither necessary, nor sufficient, for the behavioral exhibition of IOR. We propose that a comprehensive framework for behavioral IOR must include (at least) four independent neural mechanisms, differentially active depending on circumstances, including sensory adaptation, saccadic aftereffects, local inhibition, and cortical habituation.

Although the Black-Scholes (BS) model and its alternatives have been widely applied in finance, their flaws have drawn the attention of many investors and risk managers. The Black-Scholes (BS) model fails to explain the volatility smile. Its alternatives, such as the BS model with a Poisson jump process, fail to explain the volatility clustering. Based on the literature, a novel dynamic regime-switching option-pricing model is developed in this thesis, to overcome the flaws of the traditional option pricing models. Five macroeconomic indicators are identified as the drivers of economic states over time. Two regimes are selected among all likely numbers of regimes under the Bayes Information Criterion (BIC). Both in-sample and out-of-sample tests are constructed to examine the prediction of the model. Empirical results show that the two-state regime-switching option-pricing model exhibits significant prediction power.

Darbe yra analizuojamas marketingo veiklos efektyvumo vertinimas. Dėl sparčiai besikeičiančios aplinkos ir didėjančios konkurencijos įmonėms yra ypač svarbu vykdyti naudingas ir efektyvias strategijas, didinti visos įmonės vertę, tačiau didžiausia problema yra atsirinkti, ką vertinti ir kaip vertinti. Darbo tikslas - remiantis moksliniais marketingo veiklos efektyvumo vertinimo šaltiniais, atvejo analizės gautais rezultatais, pateikti bendrą marketingo veiklos efektyvumo vertinimo ir atskirų marketingo kampanijų efektyvumo vertinimo modelius. Magistrinio baigiamąjį darbą sudaro trys pagrindinės dalys. Teorinėje, pirmojoje, darbo dalyje yra analizuojami, aptariami, palyginami skirtingų autorių požiūriai į marketingo veiklos efektyvumo vertinimą bei, pagal mokslininkų atliktus tyrimus, pateikiami būdai ir rodikliai marketingo veiklos efektyvumui įvertinti. Analitinėje baigiamojo darbo dalyje atvejo analizės ir ekspertinio interviu metodais yra analizuojamas Lietuvoje vykstančio rinkodaros pasiekimų konkurso „Password 2011” marketingo kampanijų efektyvumo vertinimas. Trečiojoje dalyje yra pateikiami marketingo veiklos efektyvumo vertinimo modeliai, kurie padėtų rezultatyviai įvertinti atskiras marketingo veiklas. / The paper analyzes the marketing performance evaluation. As environment is rapidly changing and competitiveness of enterprises is increasing, it is very important to develop useful and effective strategies to increase the total value of the company, but the biggest problem is to select what to measure and how to measure. The objective of this paper is to present general model of marketing activities effectiveness measurement and models of individual marketing campaigns effectiveness assessment based on scientific resources of marketing effectiveness assessment and results of case analysis. The theoretical, first, part of the work introduces analysis, comparison of different authors approaches to the marketing activities performance evaluation by finding out methods and indicators, which assess the effectiveness of marketing activities. The analytical part is based on case study and interview of expert which analyzes marketing campaign efficiency of Lithuanian’s marketing competition "Password 2011". The third part is intended for the marketing performance evaluation models, which show the most useful stages to evaluate main marketing activities.

The purpose of this thesis is to examine dynamics and consequences of geographical return movements in two North-South contexts based on migrants' biographies. The thesis examines the consequences of return migration in terms of social mobility, meanings of return and the shaping of identity-place relationships for the subjects of migration. Categories of return were identified and related to evolving migration processes in the two case studies of long term labour migration and political exile respectively. The concept of 'narrative identity' was used to analyse the shaping of the migration biographies and to examine the ways migrants made sense of their experiences of emigration/exile and return. In a further step the narrative identities were discussed in relation to examples of public narratives in the two contexts. The dissertation's case study of US-Mexican migration showed that geographical return took different shapes at the local level as the migration process evolved between the studied municipality in Mexico and different destinations in the USA. The initial phase of formative return led to the gradual establishment of a migration tradition and development of a remittance economy. Return movements turned in a later phase into an increasingly trapped migratory pattern of differentiated circulation between the municipality in Mexico and different locations in the USA. The 'narrative identities' of returning migrants were related to family situations (family formation, safety of the family, family commitment), perceptions of real life in Mexico and work identities (respected worker, independent businessman), negative experiences of migration (threat, social degradation, trapped migration), and the search and fulfilment of personal experiences. These narrative identities were contrasted with public narratives, showing the partial incorporation of some public narratives and contrasting senses of self of migrants in relation to 'imposed identities' in both the USA and Mexico. The second case study of the dissertation identified categories of return movements in a context of changing conditions in both Chile and Sweden. Examples of categories were 'conditional return' and 'programmed return' and in the phase of desexilio professional circulation, continued exile and everyday life circulation. The narrative identities of retornados were related to family situations (children's future and education, the extended family and the family vote), Sweden as 'parenthesis' (programmed return, duty to return, political return, personal return), work identities (independent businessman, professional circulation) and experiences of exclusion (foreigner, immigrant, prolonged political exile). The narrative identities of migrants were discussed in relation to larger public narratives about retornados in the Chilean media. / digitalisering@umu

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This thesis studies issues in auctions and contests. The seller of an object and the organizer of a contest have many instruments to improve the revenue of the auction or the efficiency of the contest. The three essays in this dissertation shed light on these issues. Chapter 2 investigates how a refund policy affects a buyer's strategic behavior by characterizing the equilibria of a second-price auction with a linear refund policy. I find that a generous refund policy induces buyers to bid aggressively. I also examine the optimal mechanism design problem when buyers only have private initial estimates of their valuations and may privately learn of shocks that affect their valuations later. When all buyers are \emph{ex-ante} symmetric, this optimal selling mechanism can be implemented by a first-price or second-price auction with a refund policy. Chapter 3 investigates how information revelation rules affect the existence and the efficiency of equilibria in two-round elimination contests. I establish that there exists no symmetric separating equilibrium under the full revelation rule and find that the non-existence result is very robust. I then characterize a partially efficient separating equilibrium under the partial revelation rule when players' valuations are uniformly distributed. I finally investigate the no revelation rule and find that it is both most efficient and optimal in maximizing the total efforts from the contestants. Within my framework, more information revelation leads to less efficient outcomes. Chapter 4 analyzes the signaling effect of bidding in a two-round elimination contest. Before the final round, bids in the preliminary round are revealed and act as signals of the contestants' private valuations. Compared to the benchmark model, in which private valuations are revealed automatically before the final round and thus no signaling of bids takes place, I find that strong contestants bluff and weak contestants sandbag. In a separating equilibrium, bids in the preliminary round fully reveal the contestants' private valuations. However, this signaling effect makes the equilibrium bidding strategy in the preliminary round steeper for high valuations and flatter for low valuations compared to the benchmark model. / Thesis (Ph.D, Economics) -- Queen's University, 2010-04-20 21:34:12.295

This study concerns itself with the process of public sector resource allocation in Canada from 1965-1975. An examination of the Federal Government's own procedure manual for program evaluation, and the analysis of several program evaluations for Departments of Health, Education and Manpower, reveal that the analytical procedures and economic precepts used depart significantly from accepted norms of economic theory. Consequently, the rates of return claimed for these programs are distorted and, where they are used for the rationing of public sector resources, collective welfare will not be optimized. The major causes of these problems are improper analytical methodology and the failure to adhere to basic economic principles of resource allocation. Support for this hypothesis derives from accepted economic theory with respect to welfare maximization and the allocation of public expenditures.

Bakgrund: Tidigare forskning har visat att insynspersoner tenderar att överavkasta på investeringar i eget bolag. Det råder dock delade meningar kring varför insynspersoner tenderar att överavkasta. Vid genomgång av tidigare studier påträffades ingen kvalitativ studie, varav vi ansåg det vara av intresse att studera fenomenet genom intervjuer med insynspersoner. Syfte: Uppsatsen syftar till att studera och kartlägga motiven bakom insynspersoners köp- och säljtransaktioner i eget bolag. Med hjälp av tidigare forskning samt en ny infallsvinkel i form av teorier inom behavioural finance analyseras varför insynspersoner tenderar att uppnå överavkastning på investeringar i eget bolag. Genomförande: Studien har genomförts med utgångspunkt i åtta intervjuer med insynspersoner. Resultat från tidigare studier på området låg till grund för vilken information vi med intervjuerna ville uppnå djupare förståelse kring. Den insamlade empirin har analyserats utifrån empirisk forskning och teorier inom behavioural finance. Slutsats: I studien presenteras en ny hypotes vilken förklarar insynspersoners överavkastning som en följd av befintlig lagstiftning. Vi menar att lagstiftningen förhindrar ofördelaktiga handlingar, vilket i sin tur leder till att insynspersoner i större utsträckning än övriga investerare tenderar att undvika psykologiska fallgropar. / Background: Previous researches have shown that insiders tend to achieve excess returns on investments in own companies. However there are still disagreements regarding possible explanations for this phenomenon. In our review of previous research we did not discover any qualitative studies in the area and therefore we found it interesting to study the phenomenon by interviews with insiders. Aim: The purpose of this paper is to study and identify the motives behind insider buy and sell transactions in own companies. By using previous research and also create a new approach through apply theories within behavioural finance we aim to analyze why insiders tend to achieve excess returns on investments in own companies. Completion: This study was conducted based on eight interviews with insiders. Results from previous research formed the basis of what information we wanted to achieve a deeper understanding of through our interviews. The empirical data has been analyzed based on empirical research in the area and theories within behavioural finance. Conclusion: In this paper a new hypothesis is formed which try to explain insiders excess return as an indirect result from the regulations of insider transactions. Thanks to the regulations, impulsive actions are prevented and insiders thereby tend to avoid psychological pitfalls to a greater extent than other investors.