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Forbearance is defined for the purpose of the present dissertation as, “the attempt to suppress the visible signs of negative emotion (i.e., emotional expression) and visible behaviors (i.e., the expression of negative vengeful or avoidant motives) in response to a hurt or offense, often (but not always) for the sake of group harmony.” I reviewed the literature on forbearance and cross-cultural studies in suppression of emotion or emotional expression under the framework of New Big Five personality processes and cultural models of self and relating. Then I offered three propositions about forbearance. Furthermore, I collected three samples and described four studies to develop and test the construct validity of Forbearance Scale as well as the Group-Harmony Forbearance Index. Last but not least, I discussed implications for future research and practice related to forbearance.

Faculty of Humanities; School of Psychology; MA Dissertation / This study aimed to explore Blau’s (1989) Career Commitment Scale, Greenhaus’ (1971) Career Salience Scale, Kanungo’s (1982) Job Involvement Questionnaire and how each of these outdated instruments may confound the concepts of career commitment, career salience, and job involvement. A thorough analysis of the literature pertaining to these concepts was conducted in line with the definition of a career and how it has evolved over the years. Blau’s (1989) Career Commitment Scale, Greenhaus’ (1971) Career Salience Scale, and Kanungo’s (1982) Job Involvement Questionnaire were all administered to a sample of 145 full-time store level employees at a large retail organisation in the Gauteng region. After conducting correlations, partial correlations, and a factor analysis, the results from this study identified that there is a need for revising the three scales under investigation as the correlations found evidence to suggest convergence whilst the factor analysis discovered a lack of discriminant validity amongst the three instruments. Having discussed these results, the implications for this work were mentioned, both theoretically and practically. Limitations of the study were acknowledged and future research directions were suggested.

Jazz chord-scale theory identifies scales that can be used to embellish a particular type of chord. It has fostered the notion that chords can generate their own local scales. This idea as well as many of the scale types that jazz chord-scale theory identifies are essentially foreign to classical music theory, which instead tends to focus on the scales that represent relatively global key areas--that is, the scales that accommodate entire chord successions. Both the jazz and classical perspectives can coexist, and each can inform and supplement the other. This study explores implications of the jazz chord-scale perspective for classical music and classical music theory. The scalar notes and intervals that embellish a particular chord are referred to as chord-specific scalar material (CSSM). Following the suggestion of jazz chord-scale theory and Ramon Satyendra's chord spaces, each chordal zone can exhibit its own local tonal hierarchy potentially consisting of a local tonic note (usually a chord root), chordal notes and intervals, scalar notes and intervals, and sub-scalar notes and intervals. Focusing particularly on the scalar level of these chord-specific tonal hierarchies, CSSM is a relatively foreground phenomenon that can be understood against the backdrop of a deeper, uninterrupted scalar space that is associated with the key of the passage at hand. A chord succession can occupy the deeper scalar space while each chord is embellished with CSSM suggestive of potentially different local scalar spaces. This study considers examples of CSSM spanning the music of Bach through Fauré, and it proposes a classification of four general types of CSSM found in classical repertoire. Each type suggests a different theoretical derivation for examples of CSSM, and each type has its own implications for tonal function (both locally and globally), coherence, and color. The fourth type apparently did not emerge until the Romantic era. Special attention is given to CSSM in the music of Gabriel Fauré, who seemingly developed rather innovative CSSM techniques. Practical benefits of this theoretical approach for today's composers, improvisers, and performers are also considered. Various techniques for generating CSSM are offered, and further scalar possibilities are explored. / 2016-09-29

Racial stereotypicality refers to the degree to which an individual looks like a "typical" member of their ethnic or racial group by considering multiple phenotypical features such as skin tone and nose width. Prior studies have utilized real and photoshopped images to assess perceptions of individuals high in racial stereotypicality. However, no known studies have allowed participants to engage in the self-assessment of their own facial features outside of skin-tone. In the present study, I develop and investigate the underlying structure of a scale which allows Black individuals to self-assess their perceived degree of racial stereotypicality. I accomplished this by developing items, soliciting expert feedback, conducting cognitive interviews, disseminating the proposed scale, and conducting an exploratory factor analysis (EFA) on a sample of 308 Black adults. EFA results produced a three-factor structure influenced by item wording and reverse coding. Findings also indicated that items which assessed one's overall degree of stereotypicality loaded onto a singular, separate factor as originally theorized. Results suggest that reverse coding, item wording, and response labeling may influence factor structure and negatively impact scale validation procedures. Additionally, items assessing overall stereotypicality may address something distinctly different from other items which assess individual features. Therefore, perceived overall racial stereotypicality should be further tested and considered in future research since it performed fairly during exploratory analysis, aligns with proposed theory, and ultimately homes in on perceptions that may have major implications for understanding how Black phenotypical features impact the lives, outcomes, and experiences of Black individuals.

The current project is to develop a transient expression system for Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells based on autonomous replication and retention of plasmid DNA. The expression system, named Epi-CHO comprises (1) a recombinant CHO-K1 cell line encoding the Polyoma (Py) virus large T-Antigen (PyLT-Ag), and (2) a DNA expression vector, pPy/EBV encoding the Py Origin (PyOri) for autonomous replication and encoding the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), Nuclear Antigen-1 (EBNA-1) and EBV Origin of replication (OriP) for plasmid retention. The CHO-K1 cell line expressing PyLT-Ag, named CHO-T was adapted to suspension growth in serum-free media (EXCELL-302) to facilitate large scale transient transfection and recombinant (r) protein production. PyLT-Ag-expressed in CHO-T supported replication of PyOri-containing plasmids and enhanced growth and r- protein production. A scalable cationic lipid based transfection was optimised for CHO-T cells using LipofectAMINE-2000??. Destabilised Enhanced Green Fluorescence Protein (D2EGFP) and Human Growth Hormone (HGH) were used as reporter proteins to demonstrate transgene expression and productivity. Transfection of CHO-T cells with the vector pPy/EBV encoding D2EGFP showed prolonged and enhanced EGFP expression, and transfection with pPy/EBV encoding HGH resulted in a final concentration of 75 mg/L of HGH in culture supernatant 11 days following transfection.

Thesis (M.Soc.Sc.)--University of Hong Kong, 2006. / Title from title page (viewed Apr. 23, 2007) Includes bibliographical references (p. 38-43).

The medial axis skeleton is a thin line graph that preserves the topology of a region. The skeleton has often been cited as a useful representation for shape description, region interpretation, and object recognition. Unfortunately, the computation of the skeleton is extremely sensitive to variations in the bounding contour. In this paper, we describe a robust method for computing the medial axis skeleton across a variety of scales. The resulting scale-space is parametric with the complexity of the skeleton, where the complexity is defined as the number of branches in the skeleton.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of British Columbia, 2000. / Adviser: Tony Pitcher. Includes bibliographical references.