Culture integrates more than ideology and tradition. These cultural elements are supplementary factors that unite under certain conditions to assist in the development and understanding of what is right, wrong and/or expected within a group. Ideology specifically has been found to influence and construct societal norms, and play a vital role in the conscious and subconscious interactions of individuals. These ideologies (superficial and non-superficial) have implications for the interpersonal interactions between individuals within and between the same cultural groups, as well as implications for organizational and professional development within academic and professional settings. This study will examine culture and ideology through an investigation of environment and its relationship to ethnic identity development. In addition, the study will investigate the possible relationship between ethnic identity and perceptions of credibility. Findings suggest that culturally related materials in an academic setting are not related to strength of ethnic identification with regard to ethnic identity- behavior; yet ethnic identity- achievement may be slightly related to school environment. Further, ethnic identity and school environment are not influential in the perception on credibility of people of divergent skin-tones. The research explores practical and theoretical implications, discusses the limitations of evaluating skin-tone of African Americans, and suggests proposals for future research. / text

This thesis is a series of meditations, stories and poetry focusing on living in classrooms with children, and on the meaning and place of education and schools in our lives. This writing is the emergent result of a commitment to the seeking of a generous language to understand and describe the work of teachers in schools, to the hope for human(e) and compassionate spaces for children to spend their days, to living with openness and creativity, to the having of challenging and wonderful conversations about life with children, and to the freedom to raise questions about the ways children and teachers (might) live together in schools. This writing is a story emerging at the point of intersection between what we might learn from children if we listen to them and remember them, and reflections on readings in ethics, education and literature.

Objective: This study compared the prevalence of use of six alternative tobacco products [ATPs] among Canadian students in grades 9 and 10, identified between-school variability in the current use of each ATP, and identified the school- and student-level characteristics associated with the use of each ATP. Methods: This cross-sectional study used nationally representative student data collected from 14,916 students in grades 9 and 10 from 134 secondary schools as part of the 2010-11 Youth Smoking Survey and data from the 2010-11 Enhanced Points of Interest data file. Multilevel regression analyses examined the association between school- and student-level characteristics and the use of each ATP. Results: Among Canadian students in grades 9 and 10, 15.4% reported currently using a tobacco product. Cigarillos or little cigars were the most prevalent product (6.3%) and bidis were the least prevalence product (0.6%). School-level differences accounted for between 14.1% and 31.2% of the variability in use. Grades 9 and 10 students who attended schools with a high rate of senior students that smoked manufactured cigarettes were significantly more likely to currently use cigarillos or little cigars (AOR 1.79, 95%CI 1.21 to 2.65) and roll-your-own cigarettes (AOR 1.88, 95%CI 1.15 to 3.07). Grades 9 and 10 students who reported having ever used flavoured tobacco products were significantly more likely to currently use cigarillos or little cigars, cigars, roll-your-own cigarettes, smokeless tobacco, and a hookah (AOR range 1.87 to 18.40). Finally, grades 9 and 10 students who reported currently using alcohol (AOR range 1.99 to 3.06) or marijuana (AOR range 2.09 to 3.47) were significantly more likely to currently use cigarillos or little cigars, cigars, and a hookah. Conclusions: Many students reported currently using one or more ATPs, and these data illustrate that there is a population of students who are not represented in current smoking prevalence estimates. The school environment continues to play an important role in tobacco control as the rate of tobacco use among senior students affects the use of ATPs by younger students. Future tobacco control strategies need to be inclusive of all tobacco products.

No description available.

Bakalauro darbe analizuojami 14 - 16 metų paauglių nelaimingų atsitikimų ir traumų mokyklos aplinkoje ypatumai.Tyrimu nustatyta, kad nelaimingų atsitikimų ir traumų beveik dvigubai daugiau patyrė berniukai. Tiek berniukai ir mergaitės dažniausiai nelaimingus atsitikimus ir traumas patyrė sporto salėje. Dauguma jų traumas patyrė pertraukų metu. Išsiaiškinta, kad berniukai ir mergaitės mokyklos aplinkoje daugiausia patyrė nubrozdinimus, sausgyslių ir raumenų patempimus, lūžius bei išnirimus. Sumušimų daugiau nei tris kartus patyrė berniukai. Tyrimu nustatyta, kad įvykus traumai berniukams ir mergaitėms prireikė pirmosios medicinos pagalbos, taip pat jie kreipėsi į gydymo įstaigas, tačiau dauguma jų gydėsi namuose. Dėl įvykusių traumų daugiau berniukų negu mergaičių negalėjo eiti į mokyklą. / Bachelor`s work analyzes the 14 - 16 year-olds of accidents and injuries in school characteristics.The study found that accidents and injuries boys got two times more than girls. Boys and girls accidents and injuries are getting in the gym. Most of the injuries boys and girls getting during breaks. Find out that boys and girls at the school environment has suffered mainly abrasions, tendon and muscle strains, fractures and dislocations.

Worldwide, there is a growing burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). The rise has coincided with the increase in prevalence of overweight and obesity. The ANGELO framework recognises the role of environmental influences in weight gain. In Africa, various environmental influences have led to shifts from a traditional dietary patterns and more physical lifestyles to a “Western” dietary pattern and low physical activity. The life course perspective posits that excessive body weight can persist from adolescence to adulthood, and increase the risk of NCDs. Among adolescents the school environment is a crucial setting for the development of and, or engagement in unhealthy dietary and physical activity behaviour. The aim of this thesis was to investigate in the school environment, the consumption of energy dense foods (EDFs) and energy dense beverages (EDBs) as are typical of a “Western” dietary pattern, and physical inactivity among a sub-group of adolescents in Nairobi, Kenya. Also, the sources of food in the school environment, and the attitudes to the importance of diet and physical activity for health were assessed. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 402 adolescents aged 13-19 years. The adolescents were recruited from schools that cater to students from households likely to be of at least middle-income socio-economic status. Results indicate that the majority of adolescents reported the consumption of an EDB (82.3%) and EDF (88.3%) at least once during the school day. Nearly half of the adolescents consumed a meal sourced from a school lunch program (45.9%). In terms of weekly consumption, the items that were reported as frequently consumed by the highest proportion of adolescents were sugar sweetened beverages (46.5%), and pastries such as biscuits and cakes (38.8%,). Both the occasional and frequent participation in team sports (50.5%) more common than individual (27.4%) and gym based workouts (26.4%). The majority (88.1%) of adolescents acknowledged the importance of diet and exercise for health. Rigorous measurement of diet and physical activity behaviour and knowledge and attitude of health behaviour in this thesis was limited. Also, the sample used was not representative of adolescents in Kenya. The findings of this thesis are preliminary and further research is recommended using a representative sample and validated data collection methods. Research of this nature can be used in the adoption of school food and exercise policies to promote healthy behaviours and, on a national level, the development of dietary guidelines for adolescents.

Thesis (Ph. D. in Leadership and Policy Studies)--Vanderbilt University, May 2008. / Title from title screen. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ed. D.)--Illinois State University, 2007. / Title from title page screen, viewed on July 16, 2008. Dissertation Committee: Kay Moss (chair), Paul Vogt, Thomas Crumpler, Lara Handsfield, Barnett Berry. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 150-163) and abstract. Also available in print.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2007. / Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 112-120). Also available online in ProQuest, free to University of Oregon users.

Dissertation (Ph.D.)--Auburn University, 2005. / Abstract. Vita. Includes bibliographic references (p.95-101).