Kinders bring ‘n groot gedeelte van hul tyd by die skool deur. Onderwysers is die enigste ander persone behalwe die gesin wat op ‘n daaglikse basis kontak het met kinders. Onderwysers kan ‘n groot invloed uitoefen op kinders. Indien kinders probleme ervaar by die huis, kan hulle moontlik ‘n onderwyser daarvan vertel. Kinders kan moontlik seksuele misbruik bekend maak aan onderwysers. Indien kinders nie seksuele misbruik bekend maak nie, toon hulle egter soms simptome wat as indikatore kan dien dat hulle seksueel misbruik word. Onderwysers moet egter oor die nodige kennisbasis beskik om hierdie indikatore te kan identifiseer. Indien kinders seksuele misbruik bekend maak, moet onderwysers weet hoe om te reageer op hierdie bekendmaking. Onderwysers het ‘n wetlike verpligting om seksuele misbruik aan te meld by die polisie. Om dit aan te meld, moet onderwysers egter kennis dra van hul wetlike verpligting en van die gevolge indien hulle dit nie sou aanmeld nie. Indien ‘n kind seksuele misbruik bekend maak, behoort daar ‘n prosedure in plek te wees by skole om die aanmelding van seksuele misbruik te fasiliteer. Die doelstelling van die navorsing was om die rol van die onderwyser ten opsigte van die aanmelding van seksuele misbruik te ondersoek. Daar is van die opname prosedure gebruik gemaak om kwalitatiewe data te bekom. ‘n Nie–waarskynlikheidssteekproef en meer spesifiek ‘n toevallige steekproef is getrek en agt deelnemers is in ‘n hoofonde rsoek betrek, waar ‘n self–gestruktureerde onderhoudskedule gebruik is om die kennisbasis van onderwysers van seksuele misbruik vas te stel. Hierdie onderhoudskedule is gedurende persoonlike onderhoude gebruik met die agt deelnemers. Dit is vanuit die bevindinge duidelik dat die kennisbasis van onderwysers ten opsigte van seksuele misbruik beperk is. Onderwysers weet nie hoe om die bekendmaking van seksuele misbruik te hanteer nie. Indien kinders seksuele misbruik bekend maak, is daar nie prosedures in plek om die aanmelding van seksuele misbruik te fasiliteer nie. Onderwysers benodig meer opleiding om seksuele misbruik te hanteer, sodat hulle beter toegerus kan word om die aanmeldings van seksuele misbruik te verwys. / Thesis (M.A. (MW Forensic))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2011.

Social workers who are employed by non-governmental organizations have unique experiences. Through training and education, social workers are taught skills on how to remain professional during service delivery, but subjective experiences and the influence remain part of human nature. The purpose of the research was to investigate the experiences of social workers in nongovernmental organizations during investigations of child sexual abuse as well as the influence of these experiences on service delivery. The research followed a qualitative approach. Fifteen registered social workers from NG Welfare in the North West Province participated in this investigation where semi-structured interviews were conducted and notes were taken. The interviews focused on the following themes: -Theme 1: Personal experiences of social workers during child sexual abuse investigations. -Theme 2: The experience of social workers with other professionals during investigations of child sexual abuse. -Theme 3: Limitations social workers experience during child sexual abuse investigations. -Theme 4: Social workers’ experience of objectivity during child sexual abuse investigations. -Theme 5: Social workers’ knowledge and practice experience in child sexual abuse investigations. -Theme 6: Suggestions by social workers to improve the quality of investigations of child sexual abuse cases. The results of the data were divided into subthemes for detailed clarifications and discussions of the respondent’s experiences in order to make useful recommendations. According to the results all the respondents stated that their experiences with regard to child sexual abuse cases do influence their behaviour, decision making and service delivery. Half of the respondents experience good cooperation from other professionals. Limited resources are the biggest limitation for social workers and all the respondents are of the opinion that social workers are unbiased and objective when confronted with child sexual abuse investigations. The majority of the respondents do not think social workers have enough knowledge and practice experience for conducting these investigations and made the following suggestions to improve the process. These suggestions include the following: - Establishing an assessment unit - Employing a forensic social worker - Having a place of safety and or a rehabilitation centre available for children involved in child sexual abuse / Thesis (M.A. (MW))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2011.

Adolessente loop In hoe risiko om slagoffers van seksuele misbruik te word. Seksuele misbruik het In merkwaardige impak op adolessente. Tesame met die hoe eise wat die stormagtige adolessensieperiode aan In persoon stel is vroee intervensie veral noodsaaklik. Dit word geredelik aanvaar dat vroee intervensie ernstige versteurings in volwassensheid mag verhoed. Adolessente kom egter oor die algemeen nie vanself na vore vir die nodige hulpverlening nie. Die doel van die ondersoek was om ondersoek in te stel na die noodsaaklikheid van In bewusmakingsprogram vir adolessente rakende seksuele misbruik. Die doel was verder om aanbevelings aan die hand te doen vir die ontwerp van In effektiewe bewusmakingsprogram. Die navorsing het In gekombineerde kwantitatiewe en kwalitatiewe benadering gevolg. 214 adolessente en 10 onderwysers van twee hoerskole is by die ondersoek betrek. Albei groepe deelnemers het vraelyste voltooi. Adolessente het kwantitatiewe vraelyste voltooi terwyl onderwysers In kwalitatiewe skedule voltooi het. Uit laasgenoemde is verskeie temas ge'identifiseer en bespreek. Die studie was verkennend sowel as beskrywend van aard. Dit is vanuit die bevindings duidelik dat daar die noodsaaklikheid bestaan van In bewusmakingsprogram aan adolessente rakende seksuele misbruik. Aanbevelings rakende die inhoud en ontwerp van so In program is vanuit die studie gedoen. / Thesis (M.A. (MW))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2011.

Kinderseksuele misbruik het langtermyneffekte op die persoon wat as kind seksueel misbruik is, en dit kan strek tot in sy of haar jong volwasse jare. Dit is dus belangrik dat daar aandag gegee word aan die nodige ondersteuningsnetwerke/hulpbronne wat beskikbaar is vir jong volwassenes wat slagoffers is van seksuele misbruik tydens hulle kinderjare. Deur te bepaal aan watter persone hierdie slagoffers bereid is om die misbruik te openbaar, kan gebruik gemaak word van eienskappe wat benodig word vir effektiewe openbaarmaking. Met die gemengde kwantitatiewe en kwalitatiewe navoringsontwerp is daar op die tweede– en derdejaar maatskaplike werkstudente van die Noordwes–Universiteit (Potchefstroomkampus) as respondente van die studie gefokus. Daar is gebruik gemaak van ‘n doelgerigte steekproef om respondente te verkry vir die studie en selfopgestelde, groep–geadministreerde vraelyste is aan hulle uitgedeel. Die verkennende navorsingsontwerp is gebruik om meer inligting oor die navorsingsonderwerp te bekom, aangesien daar beperkte inligting beskikbaar is en min navorsing daaroor onderneem is binne die Suid–Afrikaanse opset. Die doel van die studie is om vas te stel watter hulpbronne beskikbaar gestel moet word aan slagoffers van seksuele misbruik tydens hulle kinderjare, sodat hulle vroeër in hulle lewe die misbruik openbaar en die nodige hulp kan verkry vir die trauma wat hulle ervaar het. Dit is uit die bevindings duidelik dat die noodsaaklikheid bestaan vir die bewusmaking onder die gemeenskap om van die beskikbare hulpbronne vir persone wat slagoffers van kinderseksuele misbruik, gebruik te maak. Aanbevelings rakende die inhoud word in die studie uiteengesit en aanbevelings vir verdere navorsing word ook aan die hand gedoen. Die gebruik van bewusmakingsprogramme is noodsaaklik om die gemeenskap in te lig oor die dinamika van kinderseksuele misbruik. / Thesis (M.A. (MW))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2012.

This study examined the relationship between attachment and adolescent sex abusers through a literature review. Due to the dearth of literature on this subject, separate literature reviews were conducted on attachment theory and on predisposing factors to adolescent sex abusing. The results indicated that a causal relationship between attachment and the development of adolescent sex abusers is unlikely; however, insecure attachment styles were found to be one of many factors related to adolescent sex abusing. Theories related to emotional stress, the developmental stage of adolescence, intergenerational transmission and sibling incest were generated within the theoretical context of attachment. A typology was constructed that suggests how different attachment styles may be associated with various types of adolescent sex abusers. Implications for primary prevention, treatment interventions and research were discussed.

<p>This study focused on the cognitive distortions of child sex offenders in a South African sample. Child sex offenders aer a heterogenous group but share some similarities. Firstly, the majority of child sex offenders are male. Secondly their sexual attraction to children seems to be influenced to some degree by their thoughts around child sex offending, and the world in general.</p>

Children less than one year of age are a vulnerable population. Injury, and child abuse and neglect (child maltreatment) are causes of morbidity and mortality in this population. The literature suggests that the family characteristics of both sub-populations are similar and they may be the same sub-population (Peterson and Brown 1994). Large scale studies have revealed that there are multiple risk markers that are predictive of child abuse and neglect (Browne 1995, Sidebotham et al. 2001, 2002). There is mixed evidence as to whether home visiting can have an impact on preventing injury and child abuse and neglect. This study aims to show that children who are injured and maltreated are the same sub-population. The study also examines the impact of child, family and societal risk markers on the likelihood of a child presenting for an injury or child maltreatment, and the effect of home visiting on the outcomes of injury and/or child maltreatment. This study is a retrospective cohort study using administrative data from three administrative data systems. The data from these systems were merged as part of a work project and de-identified. The de-identified data set contained data at an individual child level and formed the study sample. There were 11,821 children in the sample who lived within the Royal Children's Hospital Health Service District. Variables included demographic data, family characteristics, service contacts which included injury and Child Advocacy Service contacts (a proxy for child maltreatment). The main results of the study indicate there is a small cross-over of the sub-populations and these children are an extremely at-risk sub-population with a very high prevalence of risk markers. The research found that for children less than one year of age the 4.1% of the study sample presented for an injury contact and 1.1% of the study sample has a Child Advocacy Service (CAS) contact. There was 5.17% of the injury sub-population, compared to 0.93% of the non-injured population who had a CAS contact. Nineteen percent (19 %) of children who had a CAS contact also had an injury contact. The study also found that sole parents, mothers with an intellectual disability, and mothers who live in temporary/rental housing are predictors of injury and child maltreatment. Another finding is that an injury contact is a significant predictor of child maltreatment. A child who had an injury was 9 times more likely to attend for a CAS contact than a non-injured child (AOR 9.087 significant at 95% confidence interval (CI), (4.863-17.073). The introduction of home visiting into the model was examined and it was found that more than one home visit has the potential to reduce the likelihood of a child having child maltreatment contact if the mother is a sole parent, less than 20 years of age, abused as a child, lives in a family violence situation, has a mental health problem, is intellectual disabled or uses illicit substances. Whilst the results show a reduction, the impact clinically would be that home visiting as a single strategy will not prevent a CAS contact. The service implications of the study revealed that, there is a high usage of Department of Emergency Medicine (DEM) of Triage Category 4 and 5 clients. This presents an opportunity to look at alterative service model for these clients. Not all CAS clients were seen by the Primary Care Program, this also presents an opportunity to develop a pathway back to preventative health care services for this vulnerable group. The practice implications are that further research is required to identify the decision making process within DEM for injury presentation to identiy the indicators that DEM staff use to make a referral to the CAS. The identification of risk by Child Health Nurses requires further research to identify if the low occurrence of family risk variables in the study sample is a result of interview skills or data recording. The study has identified that there is a cross-over sub-population of injured and maltreated children. The research findings will provide information not previously available in the Australian context. At a service level the findings provide data to improve practice and service delivery.

No description available.

In the past decade there has been growing recognition that a sexual abuse history may manifest during health care examinations. More recently, awareness has been raised about a possible link between a history of sexual abuse and traumatic labour and birth. It is theoretically likely that the intimacy of labour and birth for women with a history of sexual abuse may trigger post-traumatic stress symptomatology. In this cross sectional study, a survey method was used to establish prevalence of sexual abuse and to measure obstetric outcomes, birth experience and birth trauma in a cohort of women who have recently given birth and to test whether there are associations between sexual abuse and birth outcomes. Eighty-five women whose 3½ to 5 year old children attend kindergarten participated. Lifetime sexual abuse was found to be a common experience for study participants. One out of every three women disclosed an experience of sexual abuse in her lifetime. A history of sexual abuse was not associated with adverse labour and birth outcomes; however women with a positive sexual abuse history were more likely to report postnatal depression. A quarter of the women had PTSD symptoms but overall, women had positive birth experiences and felt well supported. Many women are able to overcome traumatic abuse experiences and successfully cope with birth, an event that may potentially replicate the dynamics of sexual abuse. Further research is needed to identify women who may be at high risk for traumatic birth experiences. Undertaking screening for sexual abuse in the antenatal period in a safe environment may provide reassurance for women and enable identification of those women at high risk for abuse related traumatic birth experiences.

Thesis (M.A.)--University of Toronto, 2004. / Adviser: Helen Jefferson-Lenskyj.