Vaiko seksualinės neliečiamybės ir nepriklausomumo apsauga – vienas svarbiausių kiekvienos valstybės uždavinių. Vaiko apauga nuo seksualinės prievartos turi būti tinkamai užtikrinta. Seksualinės prievartos prieš vaikus tema Lietuvoje yra ne tik aktuali, bet ir labai nauja, kadangi autoriai, iki šiol nagrinėję seksualinės prievartos temą, mažai paliesdavo vaikų seksualinės neliečiamybės ir nepriklausomumo klausimus. Magistro baigiamojo darbo tikslas – atliekant baudžiamosios teisės doktrinos ir teismų praktikos analizę, atskleisti pasirinktų nusikalstamų veikų sudėties požymius, išsiaiškinti teismų praktikoje pasitaikančias šių veikų kvalifikavimo bei jų atribojimo problemas, atsižvelgiant į atliktą analizę, pateikti išvadas ir pasiūlymus. Darbą sudaro įvadas, du skyriai, kurie skirstomi į smulkesnius poskyrius ir išvados. Pirmasis darbo skyrius skirtas seksualinės prievartos sampratai ir jos raidai atskleisti. Šiame skyriuje atskleidžiama seksualinės prievartos prieš vaikus samprata. Taip pat aptariama šiandieninė vaikų teisinė apsauga nuo seksualinės prievartos. Antrajame darbo skyriuje analizuojamos konkrečios nusikalstamos veikos, susijusios su vaiko teisės į seksualinę neliečiamybę pažeidimu (BK 149, 150, 151, 1511 , 153 str.). Šiame skyriuje nagrinėjami pasirinktų nusikalstamų veikų sudėties požymiai, aptariamos teorinės ir praktinės jų aiškinimo problemos, siūlomi jų sprendimo būdai. Darbe remiamasi Lietuvos teismų praktikos pavyzdžiais. Darbo pabaigoje... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Sexual abuse against children is one of the most dangerous offense, which specifically damages young person‘s mental and physical health, and its harm remains for life. Each State has a duty to protect children from mentioned abuse. A theme about sexual violence against children is not only relevant, but also very new in Lithuania, because many authors have much studied about sexual abuse, but little touched issues of child sexual integrity and independence. A purpose of master‘s final work – by analysing criminal law doctrine and law cases, to reveal the constituent elements of criminal acts, to identify the most frequently presented qualification and delimitation problems of mentioned criminal acts, according to the analysis of the findings, to give recommendations and suggestions. The work consists of an introduction, two chapters, which are divided into smaller subsections and conclusions. The first chapter is dedicated to reveal the concept of sexual abuse and to explain its evolution. This section discovers sexual violence content. Furthermore, today‘s children legal protection from sexual abuse is discussed in the first chapter. The second chapter examines the specific criminal acts, which are related to the child‘s right to sexual integrity and independence of the breach (Art 149, 150, 151, 1511, 153 CC). This chapter examines selected constituent elements of criminal offenses, discusses the theoretical and the practical problems of interpretation. Here we can... [to full text]

The foundation for this thesis was extrapolated from a case study of a male with Dissociative Identity Disorder. This study explores one man's journey of survival and the recurring issues that have deterred his complete healing. Sexual abuse is examined in its social and political context as well as issues related to male victimization. The myths and stereotypes surrounding males who have been sexually abused are addressed. The notion that only women are sexually abused and that men abuse, is challenged. / This case is analyzed by focusing on the trauma, the immediate effects, the immediate adaptation and the long term consequences. The long term effects are addressed in-depth and focus on issues such as grief and loss and attachment related difficulties. The theory that links attachment in infancy and attachment-related trauma to later dissociative symptoms is addressed. Also, the notion that abuse is often symptomatic of the system of caregiving within the family is argued. The nature and duration of the abuse is not random, but systematically related to the family's functioning. In this respect, Dissociative Identity Disorder is viewed as an adaptive technique resulting from an abusive situation, rather than a pathology. / The importance of incorporating a loss model in treating these individuals is emphasized by addressing non-bereavement losses and attachment related issues.

<p>This study focused on the cognitive distortions of child sex offenders in a South African sample. Child sex offenders aer a heterogenous group but share some similarities. Firstly, the majority of child sex offenders are male. Secondly their sexual attraction to children seems to be influenced to some degree by their thoughts around child sex offending, and the world in general.</p>

Childhood sexual abuse is a serious problem with potential for long term impact on the victims. A history of CSA is associated with psychological distress in adult survivors (Hund & Espelage, 2005). There are risk factors and protective factors that can mediate these effects. One protective factor that has been found to be the best predictor of outcome is adaptive coping, However, there is no known measure with well-established psychometric properties that assesses for adaptive coping behaviors. The Solution Focus Recovery Scale was developed to assess adaptive coping in adult survivors of childhood sexual abuse and sexual assault. The SFRS has some preliminary data to support the reliability and validity of the measure (Kruczek & Vitanza, 1999; Kruczek & Ægisdóttir, 2005). The current study will help to continue to establish the psychometric properties of the SFRS so that it can be used as an outcome measure for future research and in treatment. / Department of Counseling Psychology and Guidance Services

South African adolescents are at high risk of becoming victims of sexual abuse. However, research and experience by practising social workers show that adolescents are reluctant to report sexual abuse immediately. This could be due to the lack recognised guidelines available by which to report abuse and receive the necessary help. The purpose of the research was to investigate the reasons why adolescents fail to report sexual abuse in order to establish relevant guidelines. This would also determine the role of the forensic social worker in the report of sexual abuse by adolescent victims. The research followed a combined quantitative and qualitative approach. 220 adolescents from two high schools and six Welkom social workers were involved in the investigation. Both groups of participants completed questionnaires while the social workers were also involved in a focus group. Forensic social workers work is a new field of specialisation in the social work profession. There is a serious misconception about the role of the forensic social worker not only among other practising social workers, but also among the general public and adolescents in specific. The forensic social worker can play an important role in establishing guidelines for the report of sexual abuse by adolescent victims. The findings clearly showed that adolescents do not report sexual abuse within the family. The abused adolescent becomes a victim as South Africa does not yet have definite guidelines available for the report of sexual abuse. The study found that the forensic social worker has a definite role to play in the report of sexual abuse by adolescents. / Thesis (M.A. (MW Forensic))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2009.

Kinders bring ‘n groot gedeelte van hul tyd by die skool deur. Onderwysers is die enigste ander persone behalwe die gesin wat op ‘n daaglikse basis kontak het met kinders. Onderwysers kan ‘n groot invloed uitoefen op kinders. Indien kinders probleme ervaar by die huis, kan hulle moontlik ‘n onderwyser daarvan vertel. Kinders kan moontlik seksuele misbruik bekend maak aan onderwysers. Indien kinders nie seksuele misbruik bekend maak nie, toon hulle egter soms simptome wat as indikatore kan dien dat hulle seksueel misbruik word. Onderwysers moet egter oor die nodige kennisbasis beskik om hierdie indikatore te kan identifiseer. Indien kinders seksuele misbruik bekend maak, moet onderwysers weet hoe om te reageer op hierdie bekendmaking. Onderwysers het ‘n wetlike verpligting om seksuele misbruik aan te meld by die polisie. Om dit aan te meld, moet onderwysers egter kennis dra van hul wetlike verpligting en van die gevolge indien hulle dit nie sou aanmeld nie. Indien ‘n kind seksuele misbruik bekend maak, behoort daar ‘n prosedure in plek te wees by skole om die aanmelding van seksuele misbruik te fasiliteer. Die doelstelling van die navorsing was om die rol van die onderwyser ten opsigte van die aanmelding van seksuele misbruik te ondersoek. Daar is van die opname prosedure gebruik gemaak om kwalitatiewe data te bekom. ‘n Nie–waarskynlikheidssteekproef en meer spesifiek ‘n toevallige steekproef is getrek en agt deelnemers is in ‘n hoofonde rsoek betrek, waar ‘n self–gestruktureerde onderhoudskedule gebruik is om die kennisbasis van onderwysers van seksuele misbruik vas te stel. Hierdie onderhoudskedule is gedurende persoonlike onderhoude gebruik met die agt deelnemers. Dit is vanuit die bevindinge duidelik dat die kennisbasis van onderwysers ten opsigte van seksuele misbruik beperk is. Onderwysers weet nie hoe om die bekendmaking van seksuele misbruik te hanteer nie. Indien kinders seksuele misbruik bekend maak, is daar nie prosedures in plek om die aanmelding van seksuele misbruik te fasiliteer nie. Onderwysers benodig meer opleiding om seksuele misbruik te hanteer, sodat hulle beter toegerus kan word om die aanmeldings van seksuele misbruik te verwys. / Thesis (M.A. (MW Forensic))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2011.

Social workers who are employed by non-governmental organizations have unique experiences. Through training and education, social workers are taught skills on how to remain professional during service delivery, but subjective experiences and the influence remain part of human nature. The purpose of the research was to investigate the experiences of social workers in nongovernmental organizations during investigations of child sexual abuse as well as the influence of these experiences on service delivery. The research followed a qualitative approach. Fifteen registered social workers from NG Welfare in the North West Province participated in this investigation where semi-structured interviews were conducted and notes were taken. The interviews focused on the following themes: -Theme 1: Personal experiences of social workers during child sexual abuse investigations. -Theme 2: The experience of social workers with other professionals during investigations of child sexual abuse. -Theme 3: Limitations social workers experience during child sexual abuse investigations. -Theme 4: Social workers’ experience of objectivity during child sexual abuse investigations. -Theme 5: Social workers’ knowledge and practice experience in child sexual abuse investigations. -Theme 6: Suggestions by social workers to improve the quality of investigations of child sexual abuse cases. The results of the data were divided into subthemes for detailed clarifications and discussions of the respondent’s experiences in order to make useful recommendations. According to the results all the respondents stated that their experiences with regard to child sexual abuse cases do influence their behaviour, decision making and service delivery. Half of the respondents experience good cooperation from other professionals. Limited resources are the biggest limitation for social workers and all the respondents are of the opinion that social workers are unbiased and objective when confronted with child sexual abuse investigations. The majority of the respondents do not think social workers have enough knowledge and practice experience for conducting these investigations and made the following suggestions to improve the process. These suggestions include the following: - Establishing an assessment unit - Employing a forensic social worker - Having a place of safety and or a rehabilitation centre available for children involved in child sexual abuse / Thesis (M.A. (MW))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2011.

Adolessente loop In hoe risiko om slagoffers van seksuele misbruik te word. Seksuele misbruik het In merkwaardige impak op adolessente. Tesame met die hoe eise wat die stormagtige adolessensieperiode aan In persoon stel is vroee intervensie veral noodsaaklik. Dit word geredelik aanvaar dat vroee intervensie ernstige versteurings in volwassensheid mag verhoed. Adolessente kom egter oor die algemeen nie vanself na vore vir die nodige hulpverlening nie. Die doel van die ondersoek was om ondersoek in te stel na die noodsaaklikheid van In bewusmakingsprogram vir adolessente rakende seksuele misbruik. Die doel was verder om aanbevelings aan die hand te doen vir die ontwerp van In effektiewe bewusmakingsprogram. Die navorsing het In gekombineerde kwantitatiewe en kwalitatiewe benadering gevolg. 214 adolessente en 10 onderwysers van twee hoerskole is by die ondersoek betrek. Albei groepe deelnemers het vraelyste voltooi. Adolessente het kwantitatiewe vraelyste voltooi terwyl onderwysers In kwalitatiewe skedule voltooi het. Uit laasgenoemde is verskeie temas ge'identifiseer en bespreek. Die studie was verkennend sowel as beskrywend van aard. Dit is vanuit die bevindings duidelik dat daar die noodsaaklikheid bestaan van In bewusmakingsprogram aan adolessente rakende seksuele misbruik. Aanbevelings rakende die inhoud en ontwerp van so In program is vanuit die studie gedoen. / Thesis (M.A. (MW))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2011.

Kinderseksuele misbruik het langtermyneffekte op die persoon wat as kind seksueel misbruik is, en dit kan strek tot in sy of haar jong volwasse jare. Dit is dus belangrik dat daar aandag gegee word aan die nodige ondersteuningsnetwerke/hulpbronne wat beskikbaar is vir jong volwassenes wat slagoffers is van seksuele misbruik tydens hulle kinderjare. Deur te bepaal aan watter persone hierdie slagoffers bereid is om die misbruik te openbaar, kan gebruik gemaak word van eienskappe wat benodig word vir effektiewe openbaarmaking. Met die gemengde kwantitatiewe en kwalitatiewe navoringsontwerp is daar op die tweede– en derdejaar maatskaplike werkstudente van die Noordwes–Universiteit (Potchefstroomkampus) as respondente van die studie gefokus. Daar is gebruik gemaak van ‘n doelgerigte steekproef om respondente te verkry vir die studie en selfopgestelde, groep–geadministreerde vraelyste is aan hulle uitgedeel. Die verkennende navorsingsontwerp is gebruik om meer inligting oor die navorsingsonderwerp te bekom, aangesien daar beperkte inligting beskikbaar is en min navorsing daaroor onderneem is binne die Suid–Afrikaanse opset. Die doel van die studie is om vas te stel watter hulpbronne beskikbaar gestel moet word aan slagoffers van seksuele misbruik tydens hulle kinderjare, sodat hulle vroeër in hulle lewe die misbruik openbaar en die nodige hulp kan verkry vir die trauma wat hulle ervaar het. Dit is uit die bevindings duidelik dat die noodsaaklikheid bestaan vir die bewusmaking onder die gemeenskap om van die beskikbare hulpbronne vir persone wat slagoffers van kinderseksuele misbruik, gebruik te maak. Aanbevelings rakende die inhoud word in die studie uiteengesit en aanbevelings vir verdere navorsing word ook aan die hand gedoen. Die gebruik van bewusmakingsprogramme is noodsaaklik om die gemeenskap in te lig oor die dinamika van kinderseksuele misbruik. / Thesis (M.A. (MW))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2012.

South African adolescents are at high risk of becoming victims of sexual abuse. However, research and experience by practising social workers show that adolescents are reluctant to report sexual abuse immediately. This could be due to the lack recognised guidelines available by which to report abuse and receive the necessary help. The purpose of the research was to investigate the reasons why adolescents fail to report sexual abuse in order to establish relevant guidelines. This would also determine the role of the forensic social worker in the report of sexual abuse by adolescent victims. The research followed a combined quantitative and qualitative approach. 220 adolescents from two high schools and six Welkom social workers were involved in the investigation. Both groups of participants completed questionnaires while the social workers were also involved in a focus group. Forensic social workers work is a new field of specialisation in the social work profession. There is a serious misconception about the role of the forensic social worker not only among other practising social workers, but also among the general public and adolescents in specific. The forensic social worker can play an important role in establishing guidelines for the report of sexual abuse by adolescent victims. The findings clearly showed that adolescents do not report sexual abuse within the family. The abused adolescent becomes a victim as South Africa does not yet have definite guidelines available for the report of sexual abuse. The study found that the forensic social worker has a definite role to play in the report of sexual abuse by adolescents. / Thesis (M.A. (MW Forensic))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2009.