Thesis (M.A.)--The University of North Carolina at Greensboro, 2009. / Directed by Paul Luebke; submitted to the Dept. of Sociology. Title from PDF t.p. (viewed May 13, 2010). Includes bibliographical references (p. 84-90).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 2005. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 216-218).

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Ohio University, August, 2004. / Title from PDF t.p. Includes bibliographical references (p. 93-111)

Este estudo busca analisar a questão de como o dispositivo trabalho é atravessado pelo dispositivo sexualidade nos casos de discriminação por orientação sexual, e os reflexos desta dinâmica na constituição dos sujeitos. Assim, os objetivos deste trabalho são investigar como se apresenta a discriminação por orientação sexual no trabalho e seus reflexos nos processos de subjetivação dos sujeitos que passam por tal situação, bem como analisar quais são os caminhos possíveis percorridos pelas pessoas que sofrem tal tipo de discriminação, na busca de visibilidade, respeito e proteção legal. Para tanto foram entrevistados quatro sujeitos que passaram por discriminação nos ambientes de trabalho devido à orientação sexual que manifestam e procederam a denúncias junto a uma ONG pela livre expressão sexual, também foi entrevistada uma fiscal do trabalho da SRTE, órgão estatal que também recebe este tipo de denúncias. O que vemos é o trabalho tomado ainda como sustentáculo social, conformado em um jogo de poderes que se vale da sexualidade, bem como do familismo, para sua manutenção, (re)instituindo a heterossexualidade como norma às custas de outras formas de expressão sexual. Dessa forma, a discriminação por orientação sexual se mostra como uma realidade, tendo profundo impacto nos processos de subjetivação e nas possibilidades de sobrevivência dos sujeitos, uma vez que a demissão é o desfecho e a dificuldade de retorno ao mercado de trabalho são as conseqüências mais comuns. Frente a isso, acompanhamos a construção de uma rede social e jurídica de combate a esta forma de preconceito e pela não-discriminação por orientação sexual. / This paper searches to study how the work is influenced by the sexuality on the cases of discrimination linked to sexual orientation in the Brazilian context. The focus is mainly the discussion about the implications in the production of subjectivity, as well as the creation of social and juridical instruments and affirmative actions that intend to guarantee liberty of sexual expression. In order to attain this objective, we used a genealogical approach to define the possibility conditions to the emergence of sexual orientation discrimination as a social question. The work is still the basis of construction social and defines the sexuality mainly as heterosexuality, using the familism to support it. Sexual discrimination in the work put in danger its victims because takes their life support off. However there is a creation of juridical and social instruments and actions that aim reaches a sexual expression with dignity.

The purpose of the study was to develop a scale to measure sexual orientation and to examine its psychometric properties. Previous scales were critically examined and compared and the need for a scale which simultaneously measures same and opposite sex responsiveness independently, and accounts for dynamic changes over time, while testing a number of overt and covert dimensions of sexual orientations, was established. A 48-item scale was designed to tap self-reported intensity and frequency of Emotional Attachment, Sexual Fantasy, Sexual Attraction and Sexual Contact towards males and females in the Past, Present and Future. An initial study was conducted with 13 undergraduate university students of both genders, representing a variety of sexual orientations and nationalities, and qualitative feedback was obtained and utilized to make appropriate adjustments and refinements to the scale. The scale was then administered to 133 Rhodes University undergraduate psychology students to obtain quantitative data with regard to its internal structure. The scale was found to have a good internal consistency reliability Cronbach alpha coefficient of 0.8106. Existing sub-scales had lower alpha coefficients. Factor analysis, a form of construct validation, was performed and four factors emerged. These had very good internal consistency reliability alpha coefficients: Sexual Responsiveness to Females (0.9894), Sexual Responsiveness to Males (0.9741), Emotional Attachment to Females (0.8403) and Emotional Attachment to Males (0.8372). These factors were further statistically analysed to ascertain how they relate to one another and to the demographics of gender, age, relational status and sexual orientation identity. Future research will need to assess other forms of reliability and validity and focus on larger and more varied samples.

LGB individuals seek out counseling at higher rates than their straight counterparts and they tend to present for counseling with concerns that are unique and different from heterosexuals, such as difficulty reconciling one's sexual orientation with one's own religious beliefs. Yet counselors and counselors-in-training indicate that they have received very little education and/or training for working competently with LGB clients or with clients dealing with issues of religion and spirituality. The counseling profession could benefit from research providing in-depth and descriptive information as to the experiences of LGB participants who have same-sex attractions and come from a religious faith tradition that is not embracing of a non-heterosexual orientation identity in order for counselors to more fully understand the issues these LGB clients might present with. To begin addressing this need this dissertation was undertaken with the purpose of examining the experiences of women in the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints who currently have or have had same-sex attractions. A phenomenological methodology was used in order to collect and analyze the data from two semi-structured interviews with 10 Caucasian women who: were born into and raised in the LDS religion; had resided in either Utah or Idaho during their formative years; and, had indicated that they had experienced a same-sex attraction. Results indicated that the women in this study struggled with: figuring out and identifying themselves as a non-heterosexual person, the LDS religion and religious culture, and coming out to others in their lives. In-depth descriptions are provided highlighting the commonalities and ways in which the women in this study experienced difficulty and conflict during their experience of having a same-sex attraction within the LDS religious culture. The results of this study have compelling implications for counselors working with this population as well as counselor educators in charge of the training and education of counseling students.

Orientador: Sueli Terezinha Ferreira Martins / Banca: Renato Eugênio da Silva Diniz / Banca: Wanda Junqueira Aguiar / Resumo: A sexualidade humana é de natureza sócio-histórica como qualquer atividade humana, da qual temos um conhecimento acumulado pela humanidade ao longo da sua história. Apesar disso, ela é muitas vezes, ainda hoje, tratada apenas na sua dimensão biológica e/ou carregada de moralismo, tendo dos dogmas religiosos grande interferência. Atualmente com as mudanças que estão ocorrendo no sistema econômico capitalista, com a globalização da economia e a implantação em nível mundial da política neoliberal, os problemas ligados à sexualidade humana, têm se intensificado e com isso, vêm causando sofrimento naqueles que possuem formação inconsistente acerca do assunto. Entre os adolescentes têm aumentado a ocorrência das DST's, da AIDS e de gravidez não planejada. Diante dessa situação, tornou-se consenso entre pais e educadores que a escola é um espaço que pode e deve oferecer formação a respeito da temática. Visando saber se a escola está ocupando esse espaço e como o está fazendo, a presente pesquisa buscou através de entrevistas estruturadas com oito professores de escola pública estadual de ensino fundamental e médio, localizada em bairro periférico no município de Bauru/SP, levantar: as concepções dos professores sobre sexualidade; se abordam efetivamente o assunto e como o estão fazendo em suas aulas; se o uso do Tema Transversal de Orientação Sexual ocorre e como o fazem; com a publicação dos Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais (PCN) e Tema Transversal em Orientação Sexual, se o trabalho dos professores em sala de aula mudou, e evidenciar as principais dificuldades dos professores na abordagem de temas sexuais. Os resultados que obtivemos, em síntese, foram que: quanto à concepção sobre sexualidade, a maioria dos professores tem dificuldades em falar sobre a temática e o pouco que falam é carregado de vergonha e moralismo, salvo exceção. / Abstract: The nature of human sexuality is socio-historical as any other human activity that we have and accumulated knowledge for the humanity along the history. In spite of that, the human sexuality is still today, just treated in its biological dimension and/or loaded of moralism, tends of the dogmas great religious interference. Nowadays with the changes that are happening in the capitalist economical system, with the globalization of the economy and the implantation in all world of the neoliberal politics, the linked problems to the human sexuality, have intensified are causing suffering in those that possess inconsistent formation concerning the subject. Among the adolescents it has been increasing the occurrence of DST's, of AIDS and of not planned pregnancy. Due to that situation, it became a consensus between parents and educators that, the school is a space that can offer formation regarding the sexuality theme. Seeking to know if the school is occupying that space and how this institution is making it, this research looked for through interviews structured with eight teachers of state public school of fundamental and medium level, located in outlying neighborhood in the municipal district of Bauru/SP, to know: the teacher's conceptions about sexuality; if they approach the subject indeed and how they are making it, in their classes; if the use of the Traverse Theme of Sexual Orientation happens and how they make it; Investigate if with the publication of the Parameters National Curriculares (PCN) and Traverse Theme in Sexual Orientation, the teacher's work in classroom changed, and to evidence the teachers' main difficulties in the approach of sexual themes. The results that we obtained, in synthesis, were that: as for the conception about sexuality, most of the teachers have difficulties in talking about the theme and the little that they speak is loaded of shame and moralism. / Mestre

Este estudo busca analisar a questão de como o dispositivo trabalho é atravessado pelo dispositivo sexualidade nos casos de discriminação por orientação sexual, e os reflexos desta dinâmica na constituição dos sujeitos. Assim, os objetivos deste trabalho são investigar como se apresenta a discriminação por orientação sexual no trabalho e seus reflexos nos processos de subjetivação dos sujeitos que passam por tal situação, bem como analisar quais são os caminhos possíveis percorridos pelas pessoas que sofrem tal tipo de discriminação, na busca de visibilidade, respeito e proteção legal. Para tanto foram entrevistados quatro sujeitos que passaram por discriminação nos ambientes de trabalho devido à orientação sexual que manifestam e procederam a denúncias junto a uma ONG pela livre expressão sexual, também foi entrevistada uma fiscal do trabalho da SRTE, órgão estatal que também recebe este tipo de denúncias. O que vemos é o trabalho tomado ainda como sustentáculo social, conformado em um jogo de poderes que se vale da sexualidade, bem como do familismo, para sua manutenção, (re)instituindo a heterossexualidade como norma às custas de outras formas de expressão sexual. Dessa forma, a discriminação por orientação sexual se mostra como uma realidade, tendo profundo impacto nos processos de subjetivação e nas possibilidades de sobrevivência dos sujeitos, uma vez que a demissão é o desfecho e a dificuldade de retorno ao mercado de trabalho são as conseqüências mais comuns. Frente a isso, acompanhamos a construção de uma rede social e jurídica de combate a esta forma de preconceito e pela não-discriminação por orientação sexual. / This paper searches to study how the work is influenced by the sexuality on the cases of discrimination linked to sexual orientation in the Brazilian context. The focus is mainly the discussion about the implications in the production of subjectivity, as well as the creation of social and juridical instruments and affirmative actions that intend to guarantee liberty of sexual expression. In order to attain this objective, we used a genealogical approach to define the possibility conditions to the emergence of sexual orientation discrimination as a social question. The work is still the basis of construction social and defines the sexuality mainly as heterosexuality, using the familism to support it. Sexual discrimination in the work put in danger its victims because takes their life support off. However there is a creation of juridical and social instruments and actions that aim reaches a sexual expression with dignity.

Sexual minority adolescents are at higher risk for a variety of difficulties, including traditional victimization and depression. Also, cybervictimization has been associated with higher rates of depression. However, little attention has been paid to investigating the relations between sexual orientation, cybervictimization, and depressive symptoms, especially within the developmental stage of late adolescence. In fact, very little cybervictimization research has been conducted within this age group due to an assumption that cyberbullying is a problem only seen in middle school and high school. One aim of the current study was to determine whether sexual minority older adolescents are at greater risk for cybervictimization than their heterosexual counterparts. Another aim was to identify the specific sexual orientation and gender categories that were associated with the highest levels of cybervictimization. The study also was intended to examine whether current cybervictimization predicts depressive symptoms above and beyond other predictors, such as current traditional victimization and perceptions of high school cybervictimization. Another goal was to determine whether current cybervictimization interacts with these variables to predict depressive symptoms. The final aim of the study was to investigate whether the relation between cybervictimization and depressive symptoms differed between sexual minority and heterosexual participants. The findings from this study demonstrate that older sexual minority individuals, particularly those who identify as homosexual, are at increased risk for cybervictimization. Also, current traditional victimization and cybervictimization interacted to predict depressive symptoms. The importance of current cybervictimization also was highlighted by the finding that the highest levels of depression were associated with high levels of current cybervictimization, with or without high levels of high school cybervictimization. Finally, the relation between cybervictimization and depressive symptoms did not differ significantly between sexual minority and heterosexual participants. This study examined pressing questions that were previously unanswered in the literature, and the implications for future research, cyberbullying interventions, and societal awareness are vast. This study should be used as a foundation for further investigation on both cyberbullying in late adolescence and cyberbullying among sexual minority individuals. Also, the findings from this study should be applied to the development of cyberbullying interventions for older adolescents with special consideration given to the applicability to the sexual minority population.

Using Mohr's (2002) model of the heterosexual therapist as the theoretical framework, this study examined lesbian women's perceptions of heterosexual counselors based on heterosexual identity development. Specifically, it was hypothesized that lesbian women's perceptions of a heterosexual counselor would differ based on the counselor's working model of heterosexual identity development, as conceptualized by Mohr (2002). It was also hypothesized that Mohr's integrative working model would be perceived most positively by participants, followed by the politicized, democratic, and lastly the compulsory working model. Participants were 144 self-identified lesbian, gay, and/or queer-identified women surveyed through an email advertisement. Counselor heterosexual identity was operationalized through vignettes portraying dialogues between a counselor and client. Perceptions were measured by the Counselor Effectiveness Rating Scale (CERS; Atkinson & Wampold, 1982) and one item assessing utilization intent. Covariates included positive and negative trait affect, measured by the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS; Watson, Clark, & Tellegen, 1988), and internalized homophobia, assessed with the Lesbian Internalized Homophobia Scale (LIHS; Szymanski & Chung, 2001). Results indicated significant differences in perceptions between counselor working models, such that the compulsory counselor was rated significantly lower than the other three counselors, both in terms of credibility and utilization intent. Implications of this study include shedding light on the identity dynamics of privileged group members in a counseling setting, as well as reaffirming the importance of self-knowledge and training experiences for counselors of privilege to increase multicultural competence, especially in terms of sexual orientation.