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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
271

Organofunctional silica mesostructures with improved accessibility and applications as heavy metal ion adsorbents

Sun, Xin. January 2008 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Michigan State University. Dept. of Chemistry, 2008. / Title from PDF t.p. (viewed Aug. 14, 2009). Includes bibliographical references (p. 149-151). Also issued in print.
272

The use of plasma-generated silicon dioxide-like coatings as charge storage media for electrets /

Lin, Xiaorong. January 1993 (has links)
Thesis (M.S.)--Rochester Institute of Technology, 1993. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 79-80).
273

Mesoporous silica/polymer nanocomposites

Liu, Yi. January 2009 (has links)
Thesis (Ph.D)--Polymer, Textile and Fiber Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2010. / Committee Chair: Jacob. Karl; Committee Member: Griffin. Anselm; Committee Member: Tannenbaum. Rina; Committee Member: Thio. Yonathan S; Committee Member: Yao. Donggang. Part of the SMARTech Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Collection.
274

Dynamic properties of colloidal silica soils using centrifuge model tests and a full-scale field test /

Conlee, Carolyn T. Gallagher, Patricia M. January 2010 (has links)
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Drexel University, 2010. / Includes abstract and vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 243-248).
275

The design and building of an alternating current scanning tunneling microscope for nanometer scale imaging of insulating surfaces /

Schafer, Adam Jay David. January 2000 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 2000. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 183-190).
276

Efeitos de um campo elétrico na viscosidade e no mecanismo de riscamento do vidro soda-cal-sílica /

Ingraci Neto, Rubens Roberto. January 2018 (has links)
Orientador: Luiz Eduardo de Angelo Sanchez / Banca: Cesar Renato Foschini / Banca: Arthur Alves Fiocchi / Banca: Carlos Alberto Fortulan / Banca: Oscar Peitl Filho / Resumo: Nesta tese se investigou a redução da viscosidade do vidro soda-cal-sílica induzida pela ação de um campo elétrico e o aproveitamento desse efeito na inibição da nucleação de trincas durante o riscamento, que introduz danos similares aqueles característicos da usinagem por abrasão; assim, se introduziu um novo caminho para usinagem em modo dúctil de materiais frágeis. Os danos que são inseridos nos materiais frágeis como vidros e cerâmicas avançadas pelas etapas tradicionais de usinagem prejudicam a aplicação destes em componentes de alta confiabilidade com exatidão dimensional e geométrica. Uma vez que o regime plástico destes materiais pode ser acentuado por um campo elétrico, estudou-se a hipótese de que um método de usinagem assistido por campo elétrico pode vencer as fronteiras dos processos convencionais. Examinaram-se as relações entre o campo elétrico e a redução na viscosidade do vidro por meio de ensaios de compressão. Amostras cilíndricas aquecidas a uma taxa de 10 ºC/min e comprimidas com uma tensão inicial de 3 MPa revelaram que a temperatura de amolecimento decresceu de maneira exponencial com o aumento da intensidade do campo elétrico aplicado, caindo de 543 ºC para 418 ºC quando sob um campo elétrico de 1 000 V/cm. Os ensaios de compressão isotérmicos com a temperatura do forno a 400 ºC, 500 ºC e 550 ºC e campo elétrico de 1 000 V/cm, evidenciaram que após o início da condução da corrente elétrica pelo vidro sua viscosidade diminuiu em até 1 000 vezes e se est... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: This thesis investigated the decrease of the viscosity of the soda-lime-silica glass induced by an electric field and the use of this effect in the inhibition of crack nucleation during a scratching test, which introduces damages similar to those of abrasive machining; thus presenting a new path for ductile machining of brittle materials. The damage inserted into fragile materials such as glass and advanced ceramics by traditional machining processes hamper the application of these in high reliability products with dimensional and geometric accuracy. Since the plastic regime of these materials can be accentuated by an electric field, the hypothesis that an electric field assisted machining method can overcome the boundaries of conventional processes had been studied. The relationships between the electric field and the reduction in the viscosity of the glass were examined by means of compression tests. Cylindrical samples compressed with an initial stress of 3 MPa under a constant heating rate, 10 ºC/min, revealed that the softening temperature decreased exponentially with the increase of the electric field, dropping from 543 ºC to 418 ºC when under an electric field of 1 000 V/cm. The isothermal compression tests, with furnace temperature at 400 ºC, 500 ºC and 550 ºC and electric field of 1 000 V/cm, showed that after the electric current began to flow through the glass, its viscosity decreased by up to 1 000 times and then stabilized, such as the electrical power being diss... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor
277

Preparação, caracterização e aplicação de derivados do ácido 12- tungstofosfórico suportado em SBA-15

Alves, Mayara Resende 23 February 2016 (has links)
Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Química, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, 2016. / Submitted by Fernanda Percia França (fernandafranca@bce.unb.br) on 2016-06-02T17:57:51Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016_MayaraResendeAlves.pdf: 2627878 bytes, checksum: 05fe8a5d8fcb2f4083f88cc64a2835a0 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Raquel Viana(raquelviana@bce.unb.br) on 2016-07-21T15:49:47Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2016_MayaraResendeAlves.pdf: 2627878 bytes, checksum: 05fe8a5d8fcb2f4083f88cc64a2835a0 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-21T15:49:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016_MayaraResendeAlves.pdf: 2627878 bytes, checksum: 05fe8a5d8fcb2f4083f88cc64a2835a0 (MD5) / Heteropoliácidos (HPA) têm sido utilizados na forma protônica ou suportada, sendo esta forma preferível por adquirir propriedades melhoradas em aplicações catalíticas. Esse trabalho relata a preparação, caracterização e aplicação de sais de prata substituídos, derivados do H3PW12O40 (HPW) nas seguintes estequiometrias: AgxH3-xPW12O40, (sendo x= 1,0; 1,5; 2,0; 2,5 e 3,0). A atividade dos sais foi avaliada na reação de desidratação de etanol, a uma temperatura de 300 °C, tendo como objetivo a formação de etileno. Para a série de sais de prata testada foi observada que a conversão de etanol para o catalisador Ag2HPW foi a mais elevada. Diante deste comportamento excepcional do catalisador Ag2HPW, realizou-se um estudo da reação em diferentes temperaturas (200, 250, 300, 350 e 400 °C) obtendo-se conversões de 27,6; 50,2; 63,5; 69,9 e 77,1%, respectivamente. Por conseguinte, este sal foi escolhido para ser suportado em sílica mesoporosa do tipo SBA-15, com posterior avaliação na reação de desidratação. A estrutura do tipo Keggin da fase ativa foi mantida após a impregnação no suporte, enquanto a área específica aumentou de 5 para 576 m2g-1, após a deposição sobre o substrato mesoporoso. A conversão do catalisador suportado 20% Ag2HPW/SBA-15 foi testada nas temperaturas de 300 e 400 °C, apresentando uma conversão de 86 e 100% e seletividade para etileno de 88 e 100%, respectivamente. Esses resultados demonstraram que a conversão de etanol aumentou consideravelmente em comparação com a fase ativa pura do derivado de prata do HPW (i.e., Ag3PW). / Heteropolyacids (HPA) have been used in the protonic or supported form, which is preferential in order to acquire enhanced properties for catalytic applications. This work reports the preparation, characterization and application of substituted silver salts derivatives of H3PW12O40 (HPW) using the following stoichiometries: AgxH3-xPW12O40, (where x = 1.0; 1.5; 2.0; 2.5 and 3.0). The conversion of the salts was evaluated in the ethanol dehydration reaction, at a temperature of 300 °C, aiming the formation of ethylene. In the series of the synthesized silver salts, the conversion of ethanol by Ag2HPW catalyst was the highest. In view of this exceptional behavior of Ag2HPW catalyst, it was carried out a study of the same reaction at different temperatures (200, 250, 300, 350 e 400 °C), which showed conversions of 27.6, 50.2, 63.5, 69.9 and 77.1%, respectively. Therefore, this salt was chosen to be supported (20%) on the mesoporous silica type SBA-15 and evaluated their conversion. The active phase with the Keggin structure was maintained after impregnation on the support, while the specific area increased from 5 to 576 m2g-1 by deposition on the mesoporous substrate. The conversion of supported catalyst 20% Ag2HPW/SBA-15 was evaluated at temperatures of 300 to 400 °C, showing conversions of 86 and 100%, whereas the selectivity to ethylene were 88 and 100%, respectively. These results clearly demonstrate that the conversion of ethanol greatly increased compared to the active phase of silver salt derivative of HPW (i.e., Ag3PW).
278

Processamento e caracterização de sílica ativa obtida a partir de cinza de casca de arroz

Della, Viviana Possamai January 2001 (has links)
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Engenharia de Materiais / Made available in DSpace on 2012-10-18T05:11:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0Bitstream added on 2014-09-25T22:21:49Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 179218.pdf: 13145682 bytes, checksum: 64dbebc2fe52badacadd8690d094609c (MD5) / Através da evolução tecnológica do beneficiamento do arroz, a casca resultante, devido a seu alto poder calorífico (aproximadamente 16720 kJ/kg) e custo praticamente nulo, está cada vez mais substituindo a lenha empregada na geração de calor para secagem dos grãos de arroz. Como resultado deste processo de combustão incompleta surge a cinza de casca de arroz. Esta cinza por ser rica em sílica (SiO2) é uma potencial fonte alternativa de matéria-prima para aplicação em diversas áreas, principalmente na indústria cerâmica. Considerando tal fato, este trabalho buscou processar e caracterizar sílica ativa a partir da cinza de casca de arroz. Para tanto, o percentual de sílica foi aumentado através da eliminação da matéria orgânica, utilizando tratamento térmico a 400, 500, 600 e 700ºC durante 1, 3 e 6 h respectivamente. Além disso, a área de superfície específica das partículas foi aumentada utilizando-se um processo de moagem a úmido, durante 80 min utilizando microesferas de alta alumina como material moedor. A sílica ativa obtida foi caracterizada utilizando técnicas de fluorescência de raios-X, difração de raios-X, área de superfície específica determinada por B.E.T. (Brunauer, Emmett e Teller), distribuição de tamanho de partículas dentre outras. Os resultados foram comparados com sílicas ativas já comercializadas. Com o tratamento térmico da cinza de casca de arroz a 700ºC por 6 h, obteve-se um aumento de 22,85% no teor de SiO2 e uma redução de aproximadamente 23,45% no teor de matéria orgânica. Com este tratamento térmico, a estrutura da sílica manteve-se predominantemente no estado amorfo. Com a moagem a úmido da cinza de casca de arroz após tratamento térmico durante 80 min, pode-se reduzir o tamanho médio das partículas de cinza de 33 para 0,68 mm, e com isso foi possível aumentar a área de superfície específica destas partículas de 54 para 81 m2/g, valores esses superiores aos das sílicas ativas comerciais (15 a 28 m2/g). A produção de sílica ativa partir deste resíduo industrial é uma fonte alternativa para solucionar o problema da disposição das cinzas no meio ambiente, além de gerar um produto de maior valor agregado sem que haja um novo resíduo
279

Modélisation du comportement mécanique et thermique des silices nano-architecturées / Simulation of mechanical behavior of nanostructured silica based insulation panels

Guesnet, Étienne 05 November 2018 (has links)
Les silices nanostructurées sont des matériaux ultra-poreux (plus de 80% de porosité) utilisés pour la confection de Panneaux Isolants sous Vides (PIV). Elles possèdent des propriétés thermiques exceptionnelles, mais de piètres propriétés mécaniques.L’enjeu de cette thèse est d’étudier ces matériaux aux échelles de la particule (quelques nm), de l’agrégat de particules (quelques dizaines de nm) et de l’agglomérat d’agrégats (quelques centaines de nm), afin de mieux comprendre les comportements mécanique et thermique à l’aide de simulations, et de proposer des pistes pour améliorer le compromis thermique / mécanique. La nature particulaire du matériau et son caractère multi-échelle justifient l’utilisation de méthodes de simulations discrètes (DEM : Discrete Element Method). Un modèle original permettant de générer des agrégats à morphologiecontrôlée (dimension fractale, rayon de giration, porosité) est proposé. Le comportement à la compaction des agrégats est ensuite étudié par simulations DEM. Une approche par cyclage à faible densité a été développée pour obtenir des arrangements initiaux réalistes d’agrégats. La prépondérance des phénomènes adhésifs dans le système rend en effet celui-ci très sensible à l’arrangement initial. La réponse en traction des structures générées par compaction est également évaluée.L’influence de la morphologie des agrégats, de l’adhésion et du frottement ont été étudiées. L’accent est mis sur la comparaison de deux types de silices (pyrogénées et précipitées) présentant des morphologies différentes et pour lesquelles des données expérimentales permettent une confrontation avec les simulations. Les simulations présentées permettent d’apporter des réponses sur l’origine des différences de comportement mécanique observées expérimentalement pour ces deux types de silice.Une modélisation de la conductivité thermique du matériau, avec une focalisation sur la conductivité solide, est également proposée. / Nanostructured silicas are ultra-porous materials (more than 80 % porosity) used to make Vacuum Insulation Panels (VIP).They have exceptional thermal properties, but poor mechanical properties. The goal of this thesis is to study these materials at the scale of the particle (a few nm), the aggregate of particles (a few tens of nm) and the agglomerate of aggregates (a few hundred nm), in order to better understand mechanical and thermal behaviour using simulations, and to propose ways to improve the thermal / mechanical compromise. The particulate nature of the material and its multi-scale naturejustify the use of Discrete Element Methods (DEM). An original model allowing to generate aggregates with controlledmorphology (fractal dimension, radius of gyration, porosity) is proposed. The compaction behaviour of the aggregates is then studied by DEM. A low-density cycling approach has been developed to obtain realistic initial aggregate arrangements.The preponderance of adhesive phenomena in the system makes it very sensitive to the initial arrangement. The tensile response of structures generated by compaction is also evaluated. The influence of aggregate morphology, adhesion and friction were studied. Emphasis is placed on the comparison of two types of silica (pyrogenic and precipitated) with different morphologies and for which experimental data allow a comparison with simulations. The simulations presented allow us to provide answers on the origin of the differences in mechanical behaviour observed experimentally for these two types of silica.A modeling of the thermal conductivity of the material, with a focus on solid conductivity, is also proposed.
280

Solid phase extraction of low concentration nucleic acids for point of care diagnostics

Katevatis, Constantinos Ioannis 21 June 2016 (has links)
Nucleic acid (NA) purification from clinical samples is commonly achieved using silica solid phase extraction in the presence of a chaotropic salt. Versions of these protocols have been adapted for point of care (POC) diagnostic devices in miniaturized platforms. Most such protocols require a high net amount of input NA, which is often achieved by adding exogenous carrier NA to the clinical sample. As a result, for samples containing less than 1 μg of total NA, NA recovery is low in the absence of carrier NA. Clinical samples used in POC diagnostics may contain very low NA concentrations (~1 ng/ml), which result in NA-limited interactions with the solid phase that are outside the dynamic range of POC diagnostics. This work is a study of DNA-silica interactions in the DNA-limiting regime to gain fundamental understanding of the mechanisms at play in order to increase the dynamic range and sensitivity of miniaturized NA based POC diagnostics. DNA adsorption and recovery from silica surfaces for concentrations less than 1 μg/ml are studied. A protocol was designed and developed to systematically quantify the adsorption of DNA onto a silica surface and the amount of DNA recovered by elution at very low concentrations. Various adsorption conditions were examined including a range of pH, different chaotropes, and DNA concentrations down to 2.5 pg/ml. DNA recovery was further optimized for low concentration samples by varying elution buffers. DNA-silica adsorption was enhanced by low pH and was further improved by the presence of a chaotrope. Different adsorption conditions had little effect on DNA recovery using low salt, high pH elution buffers, but DNA recovery did exceed 40% when adsorbed initially with 5 M guanidinium thiocyanate at pH 5.2. Recovery was enhanced by eluting with 95 °C formamide or 1 M NaOH, supporting the hypothesis that DNA-silica interactions are dominated by hydrophobic forces and hydrogen bonding. While heated formamide and NaOH are non-ideal elution buffers for practical POC devices, these results are important for engineering a set of optimized reagents and conditions that could maximize DNA recovery from a microfluidic POC silica system. / 2017-06-21T00:00:00Z

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