Esta tese consiste em um estudo comparativo sobre qualidade ambiental interna e satisfação dos usuários de greenbuildings e similares convencionais. A amostra de greenbuildings (edifícios certificados verdes) foi estratificada para agências bancárias paulistas, localizadas na Região Metropolitana de São Paulo, certificadas pelo selo verde LEED NC - e agências similares convencionais - cujo período de funcionamento fosse superior a um ano - intervalo mínimo requerido pelo método de avaliação pós-ocupação, adotado neste trabalho.Foram realizados levantamentos nos edifícios escolhidos, bem como aplicados questionários fechados e semifechados com perguntas direcionadas à satisfação e ao conforto dos usuários - funcionários e clientes - bem como medições de conforto ambiental inloco (temperatura, umidade, iluminância e nível de ruído). Foi efetuada análise estatística nos dados obtidos posteriormente a aplicação dos questionários e dos estudos de conforto ambiental, sendo estas medições comparadas também às normas e recomendações vigentes. Com base nos resultados, concluiu-se que os funcionários dos edifícios certificados verdes se sentem mais satisfeitos com a empresa e consideram a qualidade ambiental interna superior aos seus edifícios similares convencionais; e que os clientes não percebem diferenças entre as edificações. Em relação à avaliação física, foram constatados elevados níveis de ruído em todos os edifícios estudados, indistintamente, acima das normas vigentes. Quanto ao conforto térmico, o sistema de condicionamento de ar manteve maior homogeneidade de temperatura nos edifícios certificados verdes, contudo os edifícios convencionais também se mantiveram na zona de conforto térmico. E no que se refere ao conforto luminoso, embora os valores de iluminância nos edifícios certificados verdes tenham se mostrado mais expressivo, ambas as tipologias se adequaram as normas vigentes. / This thesis is a comparative study on indoor environmental quality and user satisfaction in green buildings and conventional counterparts.The green buildings´ sample (green certified buildings) was stratified to São Paulo bank branches located in the Metropolitan Region of São Paulo, certified by green certification LEED NC - conventional and similar agencies - whose operating period was more than a year - minimum interval required by post-occupancy evaluation method adopted in this work.Surveys were conducted in selected buildings and applied closed semi-enclosed and questionnaires with questions directed to the satisfaction and comfort of users - employees and customers - as well as environmental comfort measurements in loco (temperature, humidity, illuminance and noise level). Statistical analysis was performed on the data obtained by the questionnaires and environmental comfort studies - measurements also compared to standards and recommendations. Based on the results, thefounds indicates that green certified buildings employees are more satisfied with the company and consider the indoor environmental quality superior to their conventional counterparts\' buildings; and that customers do not perceive differences between the buildings.Regarding physical evaluation, high noise levels observed in all buildings, without distinction, was above the current standards. As for the thermal comfort air conditioning system kept higher temperature homogeneity in the green certificates buildings, but also conventional buildings have remained in the thermal comfort zone. In addition, when it comes to lighting comfort, although the illuminance values in green certified buildings have been more expressive, both types are suited to local regulations.

No description available.

As the architecture and construction industry places an increased emphasis on sustainability, building researchers are seeking more comprehensive methods to evaluate and reduce a building's environmental impacts. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) has emerged as one of the most capable tools to aid in this assessment. Presently there are no guiding principles for the use of LCA in the building industry. This thesis aims to provide guidelines to help architects utilize LCA methodology as part of the design process. This study reviews a number of previously-completed whole-building LCA case-studies to understand different LCA scenarios of use in the building industry. In addition, a set of North American and international LCA tools were evaluated for their utility in different scenarios. The state of research was assessed to find answers to some critical issues concerning LCA. Based on these analyses, a number of scenarios of use of LCA were identified and a set of guidelines was proposed to conduct LCA for buildings. It was concluded that the present use of LCA is limited due to limited tool capabilities, deficient databases and lack of a building-specific methodology. The study recognizes these limitations and recommends specific research opportunities for future researchers. However, it is concluded that approximate LCA results obtained from the tools available today can be useful in informing design-decisions, keeping in mind the lack of precision in the results.

As more owners seek to develop sustainable buildings, the construction industry is adapting to new requirements in order to meet owner's concerns. Material selection has been identified as an area where designers and contractors can have a significant impact on the sustainable performance of a building. Objective factors such as design considerations and cost constraints can play a role in the selection of materials. However, there may be subjective factors that could also impact the selection of materials. Building upon the potential impact of sustainability perceptions in an optimization model that can be used to help decision makers to select materials, this study defines and tests an instrument to identify and measure such perceptions. The purpose of this dissertation is to develop a conceptual instrument that measures the user-based assessment of product sustainability and validates decision-maker's perceptions in order to evaluate the contribution of subjective characteristics in materials selection. A survey of design and construction students and practitioners is carried out to capture the subjective factors included in the instrument. A Factor Analysis approach is used to refine and validate the measurement instrument and predict decision-makers' sustainability appraisal due to the factors considered.

Thesis (MTech. degree in Architectural Technology)--Tshwane University of Technology, 2013. / The aim of this study was to conduct a Post-Occupancy Evaluation (POE) of a Green Star SA certified office building in order to determine to what extent this building performs in terms of the Internal Environmental Quality (IEQ) from the perspective of the occupants as well as the effect of POE on the occupants' health and productivity. The objectives were to measure employees' satisfaction with the IEQ in a green building; to determine whether the health of the occupants is satisfactory in a green building; and to determine whether the health of the employees and their perceived productivity are influenced by IEQ in a green building.

published_or_final_version / Architecture / Master / Master of Architecture

Visur egzistuoja tikslingumas, architektūroje gi jis pasireiškia funkcionalumu, todėl šiame baigiamajame magistro darbe pasirinkta dominante architektūros funkcija dėl funkcijos svarbos bet kokioje žmogiškoje veikloje. Temos aktualumas sąlygotas nagrinėjamų faktorių svarbos architektūros raidoje, ir sąlygojančių bei iš čia išsiliejančių į optimalius, racionalius ir ekonomiškus sprendimus, kurie niekad negali būti per geri, po eko-architektūros ieškant naujų architektūros formų. Tema bus aktuali iki žmogaus egzistavimo pabaigos arba kol žmonės ras alternatyvą architektūrai kokia nors analogija vaikiškam konstruktoriui , kur kiekvienas bus savo egzistavimo erdvės (-ių) kūrėjas, kai erdvę bus galima naujai performuoti tuoj pat po to, kai bus pamatyta, kad ta erdvė (jau) nefunkcionali. Darbe vertinama, polemizuojama, interpretuojama ir analizuojama visa su tema susijusi informacija. Pagrindinis tyrimo metodas, padėsiantis atskleisti tėzes- pasaulinės architektūros teorijos ir praktikos raidos analizė, visos prieinamos medžiagos pagrindu: knygos, internetas, asmeninė patirtis. Apžvelgus visus nagrinėjamus aspektus, darančius įtaką architektūros funkcijai ir jos ryšiams su planiniais ir konstrukciniais sprendiniais, pateikiamos galutinės išvados. Darbą sudaro 8 dalys: įvadas; Nuo motyvacijos iki funkcijos; Architektūra; Architektūrinė inžinerija; Architektūros funkcija; Architektūros funkcijos, planinių ir konstruktyvinių sprendinių raida; Modernizmas; Vėlyviausios tendencijos... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / We can see purposeness around, which appeares as functionality in architecture. Architectural function is dominant issue in this master‘s thesis, because of the importance of function in any area of human activity. Importance of subject is due to importance of researched aspects in the history of architecture, and here from guaranteeing optimal, rational and economic solutions, which never can be too good, on the way to sustainable architecture and onward to perfection. Issue will be important till the end of time, or till human beings will find some architectural alternative alike to child‘s toy building site, where space can be remade as soon, as it is seen unfunctional. I evaluate, argue, interpret and analyze all the information, that is in the area of research. Main research method helping to establish values- an analysis of all texts in the books, Internet and the personal experience. After the analysis of all the aspects making influence on the architectural function and it‘s planar and structures solutions, conclusions and suggestions are reported. Structure: Introduction; From motivation to function; Architecture; Architectural engineering; Architectural function; Genesis of architectural function and its connection with planar and structuresl solutions; Modernism; The lattest tendencies; Conclusions and suggestions, References.

In South Africa today, railways, along with other forms of public transport have lost or in fact never had the same sense of sanguine appreciation that European stations embodied. Instead South African public transport systems, especially its railway networks, are perceived negatively by a large portion of the population and the vast majority of visitors to the country (Donaldson and Ferreira, 2008). The problem with the perceptions and judgments made by people with regards to architecture is that they often stand in contrast to each other. These disagreements are not only limited to laymen, as disagreements among critics often go beyond the mere subjectivity of taste or opinion, even extending to matters of fact (Bonta, 1979: 11). By extrapolating the process by which humans interpret the world around them, Hermeneutics attempts to define the determining factors behind subjective thought when making an accurate interpretation of text. In recent years these same techniques have been applied to the built environment in what can best be described as an investigation into the meaning of architecture, this investigation became known as ‘architectural hermeneutics’ (Bonta, 1979 and Snodgrass & Coyne, 2006). While hermeneutics does provide a method to deal with the problems associated with subjectivity, the tools needed to assess the validity of the resultant interpretations of architecture have not developed. In order to confirm the adequacy of any resultant interpretations the researcher must define and abstract the parts, which contribute to these interpretations, according to quantifiable guidelines that can then be measured and compared. The Guidelines utilised in this study are defined through the work of Norberg-Schultz, Thiis-Evensen, Alexander and Handa. Through the ensuing case studies this paper demonstrated that by designing architecture in accordance with its relationship to the surrounding environment and context, the designer becomes capable of generating a supportive architecture that can reaffirm its associated functions under a positive light. By creating a continuous structure between the new architecture and its context – that is in accordance with the ‘parts’ which make up the meaningful ‘whole’ – an architect of any background can create meaningful architecture in any context. / Thesis (M.Arch.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2011.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T13:57:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ClaudiaFQS_DISSERT.pdf: 5522144 bytes, checksum: 88b727146403412c6859272d8c5279b8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-04-14 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / Sustainability in buildings, while reducing the impact on the environment, contributes to the promotion of social welfare, to increase the health and productivity of occupants. The search for a way of build that meets the aspirations and development of humanity without, however, represent degradation of the environment, has become the great challenge of contemporary architecture. It is considered that the incorporation of principles that provide a sustainable building with careful choices of design solutions contribute to a better economic and thermal performance of the building, as well as functional and psychological comfort to its users. Based on this general understanding, this paper presents an architecture project aimed to health care whose the solutions adopted follow carefully the relevant legislation and sets his sights on the theme of sustainability. The methodology began with studies on the themes of verification service of deaths, sustainability and those application in construction developed through research in academic studies and analysis of architectural projects, using them like reference for the solutions adopted. Within the project analysis was performed a visit to the verification service of deaths in the city of Palmas in Tocantins, subsidizing information that, plus the relevant legislation, led to functional programming and pre-dimensional of the building to be designed. The result of this programming environments were individual records with information from environmental restrictions, space required for the development of activities, desirable flow and sustainability strategies, that can be considered as the first product of relevance of the professional master's degree. Finally we have outlined the basic design architecture of a Verification Service of Death SVO/RN (in portuguese), whose process of projecting defined as a guiding line of work four points: the use of bioclimatic architecture as the main feature projectual, the use of resources would provide minimal harm to the environment, the use of modulation and structure to the building as a form of rationalization and finally the search for solutions that ensure environmental and psychological comfort to users. Importantly to highlight that, besides owning a rare theme in literature that refers to architectural projects, the whole project was drawn up with foundations in projective criteria that contribute to environmental sustainability, with emphasis on thermal performance, energy efficiency and reuse of rainwater / A sustentabilidade nas edifica??es, al?m da redu??o do impacto ao meio ambiente, contribui para a promo??o do bem estar social. A busca de uma forma de constru??o que atenda aos anseios e desenvolvimento da humanidade sem, contudo, representar degrada??o do meio ambiente, tem se tornado o grande desafio da arquitetura contempor?nea. Considera-se que a constru??o sustent?vel com escolhas criteriosas de solu??es projetais, contribuem para um melhor desempenho econ?mico e t?rmico da edifica??o, proporcionando conforto aos seus usu?rios. Partindo desse entendimento geral, o presente trabalho apresenta um projeto de arquitetura voltado ? ?rea da sa?de cujas solu??es adotadas al?m de seguir criteriosamente as legisla??es pertinentes lan?a seu olhar sob o tema sustentabilidade. A metodologia utilizada iniciou com estudos a respeito dos temas servi?o de verifica??o de ?bitos, sustentabilidade e sua aplica??o na constru??o civil desenvolvida atrav?s de pesquisas em trabalhos acad?micos e an?lise de projetos arquitet?nicos, estes funcionando como refer?ncia para as solu??es adotadas. Dentro da an?lise de projetos foi realizada, ainda, visita ao servi?o de verifica??o de ?bitos localizado no munic?pio de Palmas no Tocantins subsidiando informa??es que, acrescidas ?s legisla??es pertinentes, originaram a programa??o funcional e pr?-dimensional da edifica??o a ser projetada. O resultado desta programa??o foram fichas individuais dos ambientes com informa??es de condicionantes ambientais, espa?os necess?rios ao desenvolvimento das atividades, fluxo desej?vel, e estrat?gias de sustentabilidade, podendo-se considerar como o primeiro produto de relev?ncia do mestrado profissional. Por fim foi delineado o projeto b?sico de arquitetura de um servi?o de verifica??o de ?bitos SVO/RN, cujo processo de projeta??o definiu como linha norteadora do trabalho quatro pontos: o uso da arquitetura bioclim?tica como o principal recurso projetual, a utiliza??o de recursos que proporcionassem m?nima agress?o ao meio ambiente, a utiliza??o de modula??o e estrutura para a edifica??o como forma de racionaliza??o e por ?ltimo a procura por solu??es que viabilizassem o conforto ambiental e psicol?gico aos usu?rios. ? importante ressaltar que al?m do tema escolhido possuir rara bibliografia no que se refere a projetos arquitet?nicos, todo o projeto foi elaborado tendo como fundamentos crit?rios projetuais que contribuam para a sustentabilidade ambiental, com ?nfase no desempenho t?rmico, efici?ncia energ?tica e reutiliza??o de ?gua de chuva

O envelhecimento populacional é um processo natural que está ocorrendo em todo o mundo. O Brasil terá apenas 25 anos, enquanto os países europeus levaram um século para o envelhecimento da população. Com o aumento da população idosa, a sociedade terá importantes consequências culturais, sociais e econômicas, advindas de muitos problemas, que estão relacionados às famílias com condições econômicas precárias e número cada vez menor de filhos, habitações sem planejamento para a terceira idade, asilos sem infraestrutura para atendimento, cuidadores de idosos sem formação, descaso, abandono e pobreza. Com todos os problemas relacionados à terceira idade, este trabalho busca determinar as diretrizes sustentáveis e saudáveis para a melhoria da arquitetura para os idosos. Mediante entrevistas estruturadas e visitas nas Instituições de Longa Permanência dos Idosos (ILPIs) existentes na cidade de Curitiba, possibilitou-se a identificação das reais condições em relação à qualidade de vida dos idosos. Durante a pesquisa observou-se: carência em infraestrutura da edificação; inexistência de equipamentos para o aproveitamento das águas das chuvas e/ou aquecimento da mesma para usar principalmente no chuveiro; falta de local ao ar livre com direito ao sol fora do recuo frontal e sem exposição à rua; serviços e atividades ofertadas, como médicos geriátricos, odontólogos e falta de atividades voltadas às doenças que mais se apresentam nas instituições, como o Alzheimer, a Hipertensão e Diabetes. Isso indica a necessidade de um espaço projetado para a terceira idade utilizando diretrizes sustentáveis e saudáveis, como por exemplo a escolha de materiais não tóxicos e próximos ao local da construção devem ser escolhidos durante a fase de projeto, que possam melhorar a qualidade de vida dos idosos residentes nas casas de repouso. / Population aging is a natural process that is taking place worldwide. The Brazil will take only 25 years, while European countries had a century to the population aging. With population aging, the society had important cultural, social and economic consequences, resulting from many problems, which are related to families with poor economic conditions and increasingly fewer children, houses without planning for the elderly, nursing homes without infrastructure to service, untrained elderly caregivers, neglect, abandonment and poverty. With all the problems related to old age, this study seeks to determine the sustainable and healthy guidelines for improving the architecture for the elderly. By structured interviews and visits in the institutions of the Long Term Elderly (ILPIs) in the city of Curitiba, enabled the identification of the actual conditions regarding the quality of life for seniors. During the research it was observed: lack of infrastructure building; lack of equipment for the use of rainwater and / or heating the same for use mainly in the shower; lack of outdoor venue with the sun right out the front setback and without exposure to the street; offered services and activities such as geriatric doctors, dentists and lack of activities related to diseases that present themselves in institutions, such as Alzheimer's, hypertension and diabetes. This indicates the need for a space designed for seniors using sustainable and healthy, such as the choice of non-toxic materials and nearby the construction site must be chosen during the design phase, guidelines that can improve the quality of life of elderly people living in nursing homes.