The study of white dwarfs (WDs) provides insight into understanding WD formation rates, evolution, and space density. Individually, nearby WDs are excellent candidates for astrometric planetary searches because the astrometric signature is greater than for an identical, more distant WD system. As a population, a complete volume-limited sample is necessary to provide unbiased statistics; however, their intrinsic faintness has allowed some to escape detection. The aim of this dissertation is to identify nearby WDs, accurately characterize them, and target a subset of potentially interesting WDs for follow-up analyses. The most unambiguous method of identifying new WDs is by their proper motions. After evaluating all previous southern hemisphere proper motion catalogs and selecting viable candidates, we embarked on our own southern hemisphere proper motion survey, the SuperCOSMOS-RECONS (SCR) survey. A number of interesting objects were discovered during the survey, including the 24th nearest star system -- an M dwarf with a brown dwarf companion. After a series of spectroscopic observations, a total of 56 new WD systems was identified (18 from the SCR survey and 38 from other proper motion surveys). CCD photometry was obtained for most of the 56 new systems in an effort to model the physical parameters and obtain distance estimates via spectral energy distribution fitting. An independent distance estimate was also obtained by deriving a color-MV relation for several colors based on WDs with known distances. Any object whose distance estimate was within 25 pc was targeted for a trigonometric parallax via our parallax program, CTIOPI. Currently, there are 62 WD systems on CTIOPI. A subset of 53 systems has enough data for at least a preliminary parallax (24 are definitive). Of those 53 systems, nine are previously known WDs within 10 pc that we are monitoring for perturbations from unseen companions, and an additional 29 have distances within 25 pc. Previously, there were 109 known WDs with parallaxes placing them within 25 pc; therefore, our effort has already increased the nearby sample by 27%. In addition, at least two objects show hints of perturbations from unseen companions and need follow-up analyses.

Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal

Orientador: Prof. Dr. Daniel Miranda Machado / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do ABC, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Mestrado Profissional em Matemática em Rede Nacional, 2016. / Este trabalho foi desenvolvido para auxiliar alunos ingressantes no ensino superior, revisando t opicos da trigonometria e de funcoes trigonometricas, podendo auxiliar tambem alunos do ensino medio, professores ou interessados no assunto. Este trabalho parte de estudos iniciais da trigonometria e aborda de maneira simples a construcao de graficos de funcoes trigonometricas da forma f(x) = a+b. sen(c.x+d), onde a, b, c e d sao coeficientes reais que alteram a amplitude, a imagem e período das funcões trigonometricas. Sao deduzidas as formulas de adicao de arcos, que auxiliam na demonstracao de outras equacoes, como por exemplo o teorema das relacoes entre as cordas de circunferencia, de Ptolomeu,. Tambem apresentamos aplicacoes da trigonometria aos triangulos nao retangulos, como a lei dos senos e a lei dos cossenos, utilizada tambem para um triangulo qualquer, auxiliando na demonstracao de equacoes importantes, como por exemplo da força resultante, em Física. / In this work we analyze a simplified version of the Monopoly game using a Markov chain model with discrete time parameter. In the first chapter we discuss on the Classical Theory of Probability, bringing the most important results for this study, preceded by a brief introduction about the ideas of chance throughout the history of mankind and leading thinkers involved in the development of this theory. In the second chapter we make a historical introduction to stochastic processes and Markov chains; then we explain the fundamental concepts of Markov Chains, putting some examples and finally discussing the ergodicity of a Markov chain. In the third chapter, after a brief explanation of the emergence and subsequent evolution of the Monopoly game throughout the twentieth century, we analyze the dynamics of the game by the model of a Markov chain, using as an object of study a simpler version of the game in question.

Submitted by Izabel Franco (izabel-franco@ufscar.br) on 2016-09-21T17:40:56Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DissVNB.pdf: 7200504 bytes, checksum: 0d66223e654bec924871b68991656af7 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ronildo Prado (ronisp@ufscar.br) on 2016-09-21T18:40:52Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DissVNB.pdf: 7200504 bytes, checksum: 0d66223e654bec924871b68991656af7 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ronildo Prado (ronisp@ufscar.br) on 2016-09-21T18:41:01Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DissVNB.pdf: 7200504 bytes, checksum: 0d66223e654bec924871b68991656af7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-21T18:45:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DissVNB.pdf: 7200504 bytes, checksum: 0d66223e654bec924871b68991656af7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-28 / Não recebi financiamento / This research has focused primarily on teaching trigonometric sine and cosine functions. The proposal is to organize the teaching of these functions, in order to improve good learning situations to students, to encourage the transition of trigonometric ratios in right triangle to the trigonometric circle with the use of manipulative materials and GeoGebra software. Based on the theoretical assumptions described in the High School National Curriculum Standards and Curriculum of the State of São Paulo seeking to outline for the teacher, the skills and expertise that student must acquire to be made in basic education, are presented educational alternatives. It aims to help students understand the need and the practical applicability of Trigonometric Functions. Analyzing how these functions are covered in the curriculum documents and books of the National Textbook Program (PNLD 2015), we tried to develop a pioneering work and research including mathematical modeling and taking as reference the exploratory and investigative activities. / Esta pesquisa apresenta como foco principal o ensino das funções trigonométricas seno e cosseno. A proposta é organizar o ensino dessas funções, de forma a potencializar boas situações de aprendizagens aos alunos, que favoreçam a transição das razões trigonométricas no triângulo retângulo para a circunferência trigonométrica com o uso de materiais manipulativos e do software GeoGebra. Partindo dos pressupostos teóricos descritos nos Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais do Ensino Médio e no Currículo do Estado de São Paulo que procuram delinear para o professor, as habilidades e competências que seu aluno deve adquirir ao ser formado na educação básica, apresentam-se alternativas de ensino que visam contribuir para que os alunos percebam a necessidade e a aplicabilidade prática das Funções Trigonométricas. Analisando como essas funções são abordadas nos documentos curriculares e nos livros do Programa Nacional do Livro Didático (PNLD 2015), procurou-se desenvolver um trabalho de exploração e investigação incluindo a modelagem matemática e tendo como referencial as atividades exploratório-investigativas.

This work thesis is dealing with interactive geometry software GeoGebra. Several use cases for educational purposes in elementary schools are proposed and described in detail. This work is mainly focused on construction of triangles, trigonometric functions, systems of equations and tasks related to motion and presentation of cube. Each example is followed by an application created in GeoGebra. With these GeoGebra applications you can easily change parameters with sliders and therefore further work is possible. This thesis provides step-by-step guide how to create each example which is helpful for both teachers and their pupils. Attached CD contains all discussed examples which can be directly used by teachers in elementary schools to support a classwork during math lectures. In the final part of this thesis advantages and drawbacks of dynamic geometry are proposed and short comparison of GeoGebra and Cabri programs is suggested.

Submitted by isabela.moljf@hotmail.com (isabela.moljf@hotmail.com) on 2016-08-15T14:10:30Z No. of bitstreams: 1 denisemansoldosalazar.pdf: 6189821 bytes, checksum: 46c6fab6e5197499e4198d05e4cb4214 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2017-02-02T11:08:56Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 denisemansoldosalazar.pdf: 6189821 bytes, checksum: 46c6fab6e5197499e4198d05e4cb4214 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2017-02-07T11:21:23Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 denisemansoldosalazar.pdf: 6189821 bytes, checksum: 46c6fab6e5197499e4198d05e4cb4214 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-02-07T11:21:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 denisemansoldosalazar.pdf: 6189821 bytes, checksum: 46c6fab6e5197499e4198d05e4cb4214 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-12-17 / Apresentamos uma pesquisa que investiga as potencialidades do software GeoGebra como instrumento tecnológico favorável à aprendizagem das funções trigonométricas no Ensino Médio, a partir das representações gráficas destas funções. Trata-se uma pesquisa caracterizada por uma abordagem qualitativa em que foi usada uma sequência didática de atividades, com tarefas em um nível de exigência crescente. Cada etapa de execução desta pesquisa está respaldada pelos pressupostos teóricos da Engenharia Didática, metodologia adotada em pesquisas que envolvem uma parte experimental. Os argumentos advindos das análises dos dados estão fundamentados na Teoria Antropológica do Didático. Trabalhamos com a elaboração de recursos educacionais digitais para o ensino da Trigonometria utilizando o software GeoGebra, que serão aplicados a um grupo de alunos do Ensino Médio. Relacionada à pesquisa está a elaboração de um produto educacional que reunirá as tarefas aplicadas com uma orientação para a sua utilização em sala de aula. / We present a research which investigates the GeoGebra software capabilities as technological instrument conducive to learning of the trigonometric functions in high school, from the graphical representations of these functions. It is a survey characterized by a qualitative approach in which a didactic sequence of activities was used, with tasks at a level of growing demand. Each of this research execution phase is supported by the theoretical assumptions of the Didactic Engineering methodology used in research involving an experimental part. The arguments arising from the analysis are based on the Anthropological Theory of Didactic. For the development of digital educational resources for teaching trigonometry, which will apply to a group of high school students, used the GeoGebra software. Related to research, educational product offered here brings together the applied tasks and with guidance for using it in the classroom.

This thesis is concerned with the numerical solutions of initial value problems with ordinary differential equations and covers single step integration methods. focus is to study the numerical the various aspects of Specifically, its main methods of non-linear integration formula with a variety of means based on the Contraharmonic mean (C.M) (Evans and Yaakub [1995]), the Centroidal mean (C.M) (Yaakub and Evans [1995]) and the Root-Mean-Square (RMS) (Yaakub and Evans [1993]) for solving initial value problems. the applications of the second It includes a study of order C.M method for parallel implementation of extrapolation methods for ordinary differential equations with the ExDaTa schedule by Bahoshy [1992]. Another important topic presented in this thesis is that a fifth order five-stage explicit Runge Kutta method or weighted Runge Kutta formula [Evans and Yaakub [1996]) exists which is contrary to Butcher [1987] and the theorem in Lambert ([1991] ,pp 181). The thesis is organized as follows. An introduction to initial value problems in ordinary differential equations and parallel computers and software in Chapter 1, the basic preliminaries and fundamental concepts in mathematics, an algebraic manipulation package, e.g., Mathematica and basic parallel processing techniques are discussed in Chapter 2. Following in Chapter 3 is a survey of single step methods to solve ordinary differential equations. In this chapter, several single step methods including the Taylor series method, Runge Kutta method and a linear multistep method for non-stiff and stiff problems are also considered. Chapter 4 gives a new Runge Kutta formula for solving initial value problems using the Contraharmonic mean (C.M), the Centroidal mean (C.M) and the Root-MeanSquare (RMS). An error and stability analysis for these variety of means and numerical examples are also presented. Chapter 5 discusses the parallel implementation on the Sequent 8000 parallel computer of the Runge-Kutta contraharmonic mean (C.M) method with extrapolation procedures using explicit assignment scheduling Kutta RK(4, 4) method (EXDATA) strategies. A is introduced and the data task new Rungetheory and analysis of its properties are investigated and compared with the more popular RKF(4,5) method, are given in Chapter 6. Chapter 7 presents a new integration method with error control for the solution of a special class of second order ODEs. In Chapter 8, a new weighted Runge-Kutta fifth order method with 5 stages is introduced. By comparison with the currently recommended RK4 ( 5) Merson and RK5(6) Nystrom methods, the new method gives improved results. Chapter 9 proposes a new fifth order Runge-Kutta type method for solving oscillatory problems by the use of trigonometric polynomial interpolation which extends the earlier work of Gautschi [1961]. An analysis of the convergence and stability of the new method is given with comparison with the standard Runge-Kutta methods. Finally, Chapter 10 summarises and presents conclusions on the topics discussed throughout the thesis.

The subject of this thesis is to assessment of the accuracy of town plans. The analytical work are transferred to available historical cartographic works with Senica and surrounding area. In the theoretical part of the work deals with describing the documents. Furthermore, it describes methods of measurement. The practical part deals with how to detect positional deviations from the selected database points.

This paper deals with an implementation trigonometric collocation method for ANSYS program system and its application with databases additional stiffness, mass and damping effects of journals or hydrodynamic dampers.

In this thesis, we treat the computation of transforms with asymptotically smooth and oscillatory kernels. We introduce the discrete Laplace transform in a modern form including a generalization to more general kernel functions. These more general kernels lead to specific function transforms. Moreover, we treat the butterfly fast Fourier transform. Based on a local error analysis, we develop a rigorous error analysis for the whole butterfly scheme. In the final part of the thesis, the Laplace and Fourier transform are combined to a fast Fourier transform for nonequispaced complex evaluation nodes. All theoretical results on accuracy and computational complexity are illustrated by numerical experiments.