The asylum seekers' integration is a vigorous and multidimensional process for which resolute effort of the both target group and the host society is inevitably entailed. Yet, the findings of this study shows that it is not easily achieved due to certain challenges which should be tackled. This research paper concisely aims to examine how the target group experience integration into the Swedish labor market. The study further seeks to explore how the target group perceives the role of NGOs and thier policies adopted to integrate them into the Swedish labor market in Malmo.Through a sound analysis of the primary and secondary material, this study elucidates the NGOs' role and policies in this field. The findings discovered as a result of this inquiry, noticeably depict that the NGOs, through their different measures and diverse policies, have tried to cope with their humanitarian mission; however, the outcome have been divergent.

Syftet med denna uppsats har varit att beskriva och analysera hur unga vuxna i efterhand minns hur det var att komma som ensamkommande barn och integreras i Sverige. I denna studie har en kvalitativ metod använts, och fem semistrukturerade intervjuer har genomförts med unga vuxna med erfarenheter av att komma till Sverige som ensamkommande barn. Studiens teoretiska referensram består av Giddens (2014) idealmodeller för etnisk integration, Lidskogs (2009) resonemang kring social sammanhållning och kulturellt korstryck och Al Baldawis (2014) teori om migration och anpassning. Tidigare forskning består av studie om begreppet integration, hur integration kan se ut för ensamkommande barn samt hur socialtjänsten arbetar med ensamkommande barn. Tidigare forskning i denna uppsats har använts i kombination med uppsatsens teoretiska referensram i analysdelen. Uppsatsens huvudresultat visade bland annat att unga vuxna upplevde att mycket ansvar låg i deras händer gällande sin integration i Sverige. Resultatet visade även att det var en utmaning för de unga vuxna att möta den nya kulturen och det nya samhällssystemet. Denna utmaningen klarade vissa unga vuxna på egen hand medan andra fick hjälp av vuxna personer eller nya kompisar. Vidare framkom det att unga vuxna upplevde att språk och umgänge var viktiga komponenter som ingick i integrationsprocessen. / The purpose of this study has been to describe and analyze how young adults remember in retrospect, what it was like to come as unaccompanied minors and integrate in Sweden. In this study, we use the qualitative research method with the help of five semi structured interviews that were conducted with young adults that hold the experience of coming to Sweden as unaccompanied children. The theoretical framework of this study lies in Giddens (2014) ideal models for ethnic integration, Lidskog’s reasoning about social cohesion and cultural pressures and Al Badawi’s (2014) theory of migration and adaption. Earlier research in this study has been of use in combination with the essays theoretical framework in the analysis. The main result in the essay has indicated (amongst other things) that young adults experience having much responsibility concerning their integration in Sweden. Results also showed that it was challenging for the young adults to encounter the new culture and the new social system. This challenge was successfully handled by some young adults single-handedly while the others got help from adults and new friends. Furthermore, it was found that young adults experienced that language and social intercourse were important components which was part of the integration process.

This study explores the challenges that unaccompanied minors face in accessing healthcare, especially mental health services, in Sweden. It uses a qualitative approach with five partici-pants aged 18–25, who were previously unaccompanied minors. Through interviews, the study identifies themes and patterns related to the theoretical framework, incorporating the KASAM theory and transcultural psychiatry, which emphasize self-reflection and cultural factors. The results reveal difficulties such as fear of impacting the asylum process, language barriers, anda lack of knowledge within the healthcare system. The study aims to contribute to understanding and improvements within the healthcare system. Limitations include a focus on Swedish conditions and the age group of 18–25. Suggestions for future research involve exploring wait times for psychiatric care and effectively communicating knowledge about mental health to these children to identify areas for improvement in healthcare. Overall, the study underscores the need to overcome barriers, customize healthcare to individual needs, and enhance understanding of this vulnerable group.

The present study focuses on the issue of unaccompanied minors (UAMs) and trafficking and is a case study about Greece. Its purpose is to comprehend the factors that make UAMs vulnerable to trafficking, highlight gaps in protection measures, and evaluate the effectiveness of the legal and policy framework. It is important to research this subject because of its utmost importance as a critical human rights issue. By delving into it, human rights values are upheld and contribute to the broader goal of safeguarding children and preventing trafficking globally. Vulnerability theory and securitization theory form the basis of this thesis and a qualitative method was used with field research conducted through semi-structured interviews. The results showed that UAMs represent a vulnerable group at risk of trafficking in Greece or possibly be already victims from their country of origin or during the migration journey, attributable to existing gaps in their protection and various contributing factors. The results of this study include the need for establishing a national child protection system, improving protection measures and preventive mechanisms, and fostering collaboration with stakeholders to protect these children. / Η παρούσα μελέτη επικεντρώνεται στο ζήτημα των ασυνόδευτων ανηλίκων (Α.Α.) και της εμπορίας ανθρώπων και αποτελεί μελέτη περίπτωσης για την Ελλάδα. Σκοπός της είναι να κατανοήσει τους παράγοντες που καθιστούν τους Α.Α. ευάλωτους στην εμπορία ανθρώπων, να επισημάνει τα κενά στα μέτρα προστασίας και να αξιολογήσει την αποτελεσματικότητα του νομικού και πολιτικού πλαισίου. Είναι σημαντικό να ερευνηθεί το θέμα αυτό λόγω της ύψιστης σημασίας του ως κρίσιμου ζητήματος ανθρωπίνων δικαιωμάτων. Με την εμβάθυνση σε αυτό, υποστηρίζονται οι αξίες των ανθρωπίνων δικαιωμάτων και συμβάλλουν στον ευρύτερο στόχο της προστασίας των παιδιών και της πρόληψης της εμπορίας ανθρώπων σε παγκόσμιο επίπεδο. Η θεωρία της ευαλωτότητας και η θεωρία της ασφαλειοποίησης αποτελούν τη βάση της παρούσας διπλωματικής και χρησιμοποιήθηκε ποιοτική μέθοδος με έρευνα πεδίου που διεξήχθη μέσω ημι-δομημένων συνεντεύξεων. Τα αποτελέσματα έδειξαν ότι οι Α.Α. αποτελούν μια ευάλωτη ομάδα που κινδυνεύει να πέσει θύμα εμπορίας στην Ελλάδα ή ενδέχεται να έχει πέσει ήδη θύμα είτε στη χώρα καταγωγής τους είτε κατά τη διάρκεια του μεταναστευτικού ταξιδιού, γεγονός που αποδίδεται στα υπάρχοντα κενά στην προστασία τους και σε διάφορους παράγοντες που συμβάλλουν σε αυτό. Τα αποτελέσματα αυτής της μελέτης συμπεριλαμβάνουν την ανάγκη για τη δημιουργία ενός εθνικού συστήματος παιδικής προστασίας, τη βελτίωση των μέτρων προστασίας και των προληπτικών μηχανισμών και την προώθηση της συνεργασίας με τους ενδιαφερόμενους φορείς για την προστασία αυτών των παιδιών.

<p>The aim of this study is to examine which factors in the receiving-country that have had an influence on three now adult unaccompanied refugee children. The method used in the study is qualitative interviews with the three above-mentioned participants. The results show that some factors are perceived as helpful, having a positive influence on the participants life while other factors are perceived as worsening, having a negative influence on their life. Depending on the context some factors such as age, the Swedish language and housing arrangements have had both positive and negative influences on their life. Positive factors are among other things: access to good treatment and support, help with processing trauma and bad mental health, help with understanding coherence, access to a social network, family reunification, resilience and other internal factors. Negative factors are among other things: loneliness, feeling of powerlessness, mistakes made by public authority and “the long waiting” until they get a residence permit. The results correspond with previous research findings but have also originated new knowledge that can be added on the current field of research. The results have furthermore been analyzed with theories of risk and resilience, coping and sense of coherence.</p><p>Keywords: unaccompanied refugee children, unaccompanied children, asylum-seeking children /young adolts/adolecenses/minors, resilience, risk and protective factors, coping, sense of coherence (SOC)</p>

The aim of this study is to examine which factors in the receiving-country that have had an influence on three now adult unaccompanied refugee children. The method used in the study is qualitative interviews with the three above-mentioned participants. The results show that some factors are perceived as helpful, having a positive influence on the participants life while other factors are perceived as worsening, having a negative influence on their life. Depending on the context some factors such as age, the Swedish language and housing arrangements have had both positive and negative influences on their life. Positive factors are among other things: access to good treatment and support, help with processing trauma and bad mental health, help with understanding coherence, access to a social network, family reunification, resilience and other internal factors. Negative factors are among other things: loneliness, feeling of powerlessness, mistakes made by public authority and “the long waiting” until they get a residence permit. The results correspond with previous research findings but have also originated new knowledge that can be added on the current field of research. The results have furthermore been analyzed with theories of risk and resilience, coping and sense of coherence. Keywords: unaccompanied refugee children, unaccompanied children, asylum-seeking children /young adolts/adolecenses/minors, resilience, risk and protective factors, coping, sense of coherence (SOC)

U N I V E R Z I T A K A R L O V A FILOZOFICKÁ FAKULTA Sociální politika a sociální práce Katedra sociální práce Diplomová práce Master Thesis Bc. Sarah Asfour Factors hampering the integration of Refugee Children Faktory ztěžující integraci uprchlických dětí Vedoucí práce: doc. PhDr. Oldřich Matoušek 2018 ABSTRACT The main aim of this thesis is to describe the factors that hamper the integration of Refugee Children into a new society. Factors that are mentioned in relation to integration are connected with an education gap, unfamiliarity with the language spoken in a new society, a bad economic situation of a family and its consequences and unstable or inappropriate housing. Social economic factors are also mentioned in the thesis. Child Labour closely linked to family conditions are discuess together with the worst form of it: child requitment into army. Refugee children coming from various backgrounds also may face many psychologically challenging situations when forcefully or willingly leaving their home country and other significant situations connected to their refugee status. In this thesis, I discuss psychological distresses that influence children's mental state due to war experience, migration experience, extended stays in refugee camps or post-migration stressors. In this thesis the situation of...