Millions of people's lives have been upended by the COVID-19 pandemic, which has also worsened existing inequalities and led to widespread abuses of human rights. This report examines the rise in teen marriage in Niger as a result of the global epidemic. The closure of schools, economic hardship, and social isolation have made females vulnerable to early marriage as families strive to reduce financial pressures or safeguard daughters from getting the virus. This report examines the causes of child marriage in Niger, the impacts of the pandemic on girls' rights, and the measures taken by government and civil society organisations to combat the issue. The document argues that child marriage violates girls' rights and perpetuates a cycle of poverty and poor health outcomes. The report concludes that urgent action is required to protect the rights of girls and end the harmful practise of child marriage, especially in light of the Covid-19 pandemic. This case study highlights the importance of addressing human rights violations during crises such as the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as the necessity of sustained efforts to promote gender equality and protect the rights of women and girls.

[pt] Esta dissertação é resultado da pesquisa iniciada na graduação em Serviço Social, na PUC-Rio, período em que participei durante dois anos (2017- 2018) do Programa Institucional de Bolsas de Formação Científica (Pibic) do Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq). Seu objetivo é contribuir para dar mais visibilidade ao legado histórico de violações dos direitos humanos praticadas durante o regime ditatorial de 1964-1985, examinando em especial as violações sofridas por assistentes sociais e por estudantes de Serviço Social que estavam engajados na luta contra o regime estabelecido em 1964, no Brasil. Para isso, foram apresentadas e analisadas informações contidas em documentos encontrados nas bases de dados do Centro de Referência das Lutas Políticas no Brasil (1964-1985) - Memórias Reveladas, do Arquivo Nacional, e do BNM – Brasil Nunca Mais Digital. Além destes procedimentos, trabalhamos com depoimentos de assistentes sociais que vivenciaram o período e que foram alvos da repressão. A ditadura militar brasileira foi instituída por golpe de Estado em 1º de abril de 1964, utilizando-se de instrumentos excepcionais para perseguir, prender, torturar e matar quem se opusesse ao regime. No período, foi institucionalizada, em grande escala, a violação de direitos humanos por meio da edição de Atos Institucionais (AI) que legalizavam as ações políticas dos governos militares. Erigidos sobre a argumentação de que os AIs objetivavam combater a corrupção e a subversão, foram decretados, entre 1964 e 1969, 17 atos institucionais com 104 atos complementares, que davam poder quase que absoluto ao Executivo. A resistência ao regime contou com a participação de estudantes, intelectuais, artistas e trabalhadores brasileiros. Milhares de pessoas foram presas e torturadas, centenas foram mortas, sempre por motivos políticos. Muitas delas, até hoje, continuam desaparecidas. Dentre as pessoas perseguidas pelo regime, havia assistentes sociais e estudantes de Serviço Social, razão pela qual este estudo aborda temas referentes à ditadura militar brasileira situando o Serviço Social no período, pois no mesmo período a profissão vivia o Movimento de Reconceituação, manifestando o propósito de romper com as origens teórico-metodológicas do pensamento conservador e positivista e com os padrões puramente interventivos e reformistas, trazendo mudanças representativas no campo teórico e prático da profissão. Dessa forma, buscamos analisar, através dos documentos e depoimentos encontrados, como os trabalhadores assistentes sociais e estudantes de Serviço Social estavam lidando com essas transformações e com as lutas de resistência contra o regime autoritário. / [en] This dissertation is the result of a research initiated during the undergraduate course in Social Work at PUC-Rio, a period in which I participated for two years (2017-2018) in the Institutional Program for Scientific Training Grants (Pibic) of the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq). Its objective is to contribute to give more visibility to the historical legacy of human rights violations practiced during the 1964-1985 dictatorial regime, examining in particular the violations suffered by social workers and Social Work students who were engaged in the fight against the established regime. in 1964, in Brazil. For this, information contained in documents found in the databases of the Reference Center for Political Struggles in Brazil (1964-1985) - Memórias Reveladas, of the National Archives, and of BNM - Brasil Nunca Mais Digital was presented and analyzed. In addition to these procedures, we work with testimonies from social workers who experienced the period and who were targets of repression. The Brazilian military dictatorship was instituted by a coup d etat on April 1, 1964, using exceptional instruments to persecute, arrest, torture and kill anyone who opposed the regime. In the period, the violation of human rights was institutionalized, on a large scale, through the publication of Institutional Acts (AI) that legalized the political actions of military governments. Built on the argument that the AI aimed to combat corruption and subversion, between 1964 and 1969, 17 institutional acts were decreed with 104 complementary acts, which gave the Executive almost absolute power. Resistance to the regime counted on the participation of Brazilian students, intellectuals, artists and workers. Thousands of people were arrested and tortured, hundreds were killed, always for political reasons. Many of them are still missing today. Among the people persecuted by the regime, there were social workers and Social Work students, which is why this study addresses themes related to the Brazilian military dictatorship, placing Social Work in the period, because in the same period the profession lived the Reconceptualization Movement, manifesting the purpose to break with the theoretical-methodological origins of conservative and positivist thinking and with purely interventionist and reformist standards, bringing representative changes in the theoretical and practical field of the profession. Thus, we seek to analyze, through the documents and testimonies found, how social workers and students of Social Work were dealing with these transformations and with the resistance struggles against the authoritarian regime.

Submitted by Marilene Donadel (marilene.donadel@unioeste.br) on 2018-05-28T19:37:26Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Mary_Jurumenha_2017.pdf: 2071836 bytes, checksum: d92615b7e73ad3995ba21ee5d6383b27 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-28T19:37:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Mary_Jurumenha_2017.pdf: 2071836 bytes, checksum: d92615b7e73ad3995ba21ee5d6383b27 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-08-22 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The objective of this work was to investigate the possible association between the events of August 24, 2014, at the State Penitentiary of Cascavel-PEC , which is the target of interpretations lacking in scientificity, both by the local press and by the national press and official data from the Penitentiary Department National. Official information has not yet been released, and the only consensus so far is that conditions set by law have not been met. From this perspective, we pass on the importance of this work linked to the prison institution, since it is the State that selects sentences and protects the grieving. To that end, it has a multidisciplinary team in prisons and other welfare agencies, for which the maintenance and guarantee of human rights is a key element in resolving conflicts and verifying the suppression of human dignity. We revere the traditional works that deal with Human Rights, but our study will be focused largely on Brazilian works, written by authors who know our reality and dedicate themselves to discussing the theme. The purpose of this study is to understand, understand and analyze the rebellion that occurred in Cascavel, indicating whether or not there was a violation of the human rights of detainees and those directly associated with them. In order to complete this verification, we use the local press data and the National Report of Penitentiary Information-INFOPEN . These sources allow us to recognize that there is a historical social segregation, which disrupts collective living, having as its last expression the prison system. / Objetivou-se com esse trabalho investigar a possível associação entre os acontecimentos de 24 de agosto de 2014, na Penitenciária Estadual de Cascavel-PEC , alvo de interpretações carentes de cientificidade, tanto pela imprensa local, quanto pelo Departamento Penitenciário Nacional. Informações oficiais ainda não foram divulgadas, e o único consenso até agora é que condições estabelecidas por leis não foram cumpridas. Por este prisma, passamos a importância do presente trabalho vinculado à instituição prisional, já que é o Estado quem seleciona, sentencia e tutela os apenados. Para tanto, dispõe de equipe multidisciplinar nos estabelecimentos prisionais e demais órgãos assistenciais, para os quais a manutenção e garantia dos direitos humanos é peça fundamental para dirimir conflitos e verificar a supressão da dignidade humana. Reverenciamos as obras tradicionais que tratam dos direitos humanos e humanização das penas, mas nosso estudo referenciou-se em grande parte nas obras brasileiras, escritas por autores que conhecem a nossa realidade e se dedicam a discutir o tema. O objetivo desse estudo é compreender, apreender e analisar a rebelião ocorrida em Cascavel, apontando se houve ou não violação dos direitos humanos dos detentos e das pessoas diretamente ligadas a eles. Para concluir essa verificação, nos utilizamos dos dados de matérias jornalísticas da imprensa local (Hoje, Gazeta do Paraná e O Paraná), e também do Relatório Nacional de Informações Penitenciárias-INFOPEN . Essas fontes nos permitem reconhecer que existe uma segregação social histórica, que desordena o convívio coletivo, tendo como última expressão o sistema carcerário.

La novela gráfica periodística es un género relativamente nuevo en la profesión del periodismo y que hace uso de ilustración y texto para relatar una historia investigada. Por su parte, el periodismo de investigación es una rama de la profesión que se caracteriza por ser una forma de periodismo lento, que revela información inédita y tiene sus orígenes relacionados al periodismo narrativo, el cual suele tratar historias de violación de derechos humanos. La investigación realizada ha evaluado cómo la novela gráfica periodística es un género óptimo para ser aplicado en el periodismo de investigación, gracias a sus recursos narrativos gráficos únicos que potencian los hallazgos e información obtenidos; además de permitir al autor ser transparente en su investigación y en el tratamiento de las historias de vulneración de derechos humanos. El objeto de estudio fue la obra “Kent State: Four Dead in Ohio”, del artista Derf Backderf; la cual demostró cumplir con las características de una obra de periodismo de investigación que aborda adecuadamente el tiroteo ocurrido el 4 de mayo de 1970 en Ohio. El trabajo recogió teoría académica sobre el periodismo de investigación y la novela gráfica; luego, se procedió al análisis de la obra seleccionada. Se reveló que la narrativa de la novela gráfica periodística permite sintetizar compleja información para el lector, así como un impacto emocional inmediato sobre la historia. Consigue, también, evidenciar las técnicas de reporterismo utilizadas, como las entrevistas en profundidad, uso de fuentes de archivo y el trabajo de campo. / The journalistic graphic novel is a relatively new genre in the journalism profession that makes use of illustration and text to tell an investigated story. Meanwhile, investigative journalism is a branch of the profession that is characterized for being a form of slow journalism, which reveals unpublished information and has its origins related to narrative journalism and often deals with stories of human rights violations. The research carried out has evaluated how the journalistic graphic novel is an optimal genre to be applied in investigative journalism, thanks to its unique graphic narrative resources that enhance the findings and information obtained; as well as allowing the author to be transparent in their research and in the handling of stories of human rights violations. The object of study was the work "Kent State: Four Dead in Ohio", by the artist Derf Backderf; which proved to meet the characteristics of an investigative journalism piece that adequately addresses the shootings that occurred on May 4, 1970 in Ohio. The research collected academic theory on investigative journalism and the graphic novel; then, the selected graphic novel was analyzed. It was revealed that the narrative of the journalistic graphic novel allows the synthesis of complex information for the reader, as well as an immediate emotional impact on the story. It also manages to demonstrate the reporting techniques used, such as in-depth interviews, use of archive sources and fieldwork. / Tesis

This master thesis aims to unveil and examine the interplay between different actors in the fight against human trafficking. These are: the European Union, the Czech Republic and Belgium. A content (text) analysis of the primary sources gives the answers on how those actors work with the definition of human trafficking and to what extent the two member states implemented the EU Directive 2011/36/EU and other documents. In addition to conducting the content (text) analysis, creating a literature review and researching on different discourses linked to this phenomenon, this thesis include two semi-structured interviews with the representatives of the Czech Republic and Belgium. Those offer deeper insight into how those states form this fight in practice. They unveiled different aspects in their own approaches but also aspects that make their approach unique. This thesis examines also how the new strategy - the most important document framing the fight against human trafficking and the country's priorities - is adopted and what generally will those strategies include from the year 2020.