Thesis (doctoral)--Åbo akademi, 1772. / At head of title: M.G.H. Reproduction of original from Kress Library of Business and Economics, Harvard University. Goldsmiths'-Kress no. 10865.3-0.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Princeton University, 2002. / Adviser: Susan Naquin. Includes bibliographical references.

The purposes of this study are¡G(1) comparing the treatment efficiency with advanced and traditional drinking water treatment plants in southern Taiwan¡F(2) assessing the treatment efficiency and formation of disinfection by-products in advanced water treatment processes¡F(3) assessing the feasibility of wastewater recycling and treatment efficiency of wastewater treatment units¡F(4) evaluating corrosion of drinking water transportation pipelines and reproducing of chlorination by-products. This study found that the removal efficiency of turbidity, iron, manganese, coliform group and total bacterial count were approximately 99% by advanced and traditional purification processes. The concentrations of ammonia-N (NH3-N), nitrite nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen were lower drinking water quality standard. Pellet softening process was designed following coagulation/sedimentation unit to increase 8~14% and 6~20% removal efficiency of alkalinity and total hardness (TH) concentrations. The removal efficiency of total dissolved solids (TDS) was approximately 3~15% by advanced water treatment processes better than traditional water treatment processes. In the formation of disinfection by-products (DBPs), the trihalomethanes (THMS) and haloacetic acid (HAA5) were efficiently decreased by advanced purification processes. Bromate concentrations which lower detection limit were treated by ozonation process during the study periods. Advanced treatment processes should control the dosage of ozone and post-chlorine to avoid production of DBPs. In wastewater reuse, the treatment efficiency of suspended solids (SS) was 48¡ã99%, respectively, showing the significant removal efficiency of the wastewater process. However, the removal efficiencies of NH3-N, total organic carbon (TOC) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) are limited by wastewater treatment processes. Because NH3-N, TOC and COD of the mixing supernatant and raw water are regulated raw water quality standards, supernatant reuse is feasible and workable during wastewater processes at this plant. Overall, analytical results indicated that supernatant reuse is feasible. The Chengcing Lake water treatment plant significantly reduced alkalinity, Ca2+ concentration and TH concentration via pellet softening treatment: however, reducing the Langelier saturation index (LSI) value of water could cause some adverse effects on distribution systems. Operational conditions by Pingding water treatment plant was added base to water can be tried to adjust pH to maintain a slightly positive LSI value, whereas for water with low hardness and alkalinity.

Thesis (M.A.)--University of Hong Kong, 2001. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 76-81).

Thesis--University of Illinois. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 209-210).

Thesis--University of Illinois. / Bibliography: p. 209-210.

Thesis (M.A.)--University of Hong Kong, 2001. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 76-81). Also available in print.

No description available.

A sequence of siliceous dolomite and magnesian limestone, known as Knox group rock are prevalent in karst landforms of Southern Appalachians. Thick blanket of clay-rich red soils (terra rossa) are common along fractures, cavities, and between bedding planes of these calcareous, cavernous rocks. The red soil causes serious environmental and geotechnical hazards, hence proper understanding of the soil's pedology, geochemistry and engineering behavior can lead to better site characterization for safer development. Twenty four terra rossa samples were collected and laboratory analysis was performed such as: geochemistry (mineral content using X-Ray diffraction, and geotechnical characterization (grain size distribution, porosity, hydraulic conductivity, and shrink-swell potential). The soil profile above Knox rock exhibits distinct vertical variation in geochemical and geotechnical characteristics. The soils are well drained in the upper horizon and exhibit slight reduction in porosity and hydraulic conductivity with depth. The analysis indicate that these soils overall are good foundation materials, however proper drainage should be installed to prevent foundation damage, soil erosion and landslides in slopes.

Uma das principais razões para a falta de competitividade dos produtores de soja da região centro-oeste do Brasil é o custo de transporte da fazenda até o porto de destino para exportação, o que ocorre em função do desbalanceamento da matriz de transporte brasileira. Tendo por objetivo demonstrar as vantagens do modal hidroviário para o transporte de commodities agrícolas por longas distâncias, este trabalho de pesquisa propõe o uso da análise de decisão multicritérios para fazer a avaliação estratégica de sete corredores de exportação da soja cultivada no estado do Mato Grosso, de acordo com quatro objetivos fundamentais: Impacto Social; Impacto Ambiental; Impacto Econômico; Custos de Manutenção da Via. Um caso hipotético demonstra a aplicação do modelo MCDA. / One of the main reasons for the Brazilian soybean producers lack of competitiveness is the cost of transportation from the farm to the export Ports, due to the country´s unbalanced transport matrix. Trying to show the advantages of water transportation to transport commodities for long distances, this research proposes the use of multi-criteria decision analysis to support the strategic evaluation of seven freight transportation corridors used to export the soybean produced in the state of Mato Grosso, according to four fundamental objectives: Social Impacts, Environmental Impacts, Economic Impacts and Investment Costs. A hypothetical case demonstrates the application of the MCDA model.