Thesis (Th. M.)--Capital Bible Seminary, 2005. / "Katechōnton" appears in Greek letters on t.p. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 41-43).

Thesis (Th. M.)--Grace Theological Seminary, 1983. / Abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 104-112).

Thesis (M. Div.)--Grace Theological Seminary, 1985. / Abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 52-55).

Thesis (Th. M.)--Dallas Theological Seminary, 1993. / On t.p. "to katechon/ho katechon" appears in Greek script. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 112-121).

Thesis (Ed.D.)--Boston University.

This thesis examines three issues which are of importance in the study of auditory word recognition: the phonological unit which is used to access representations in the mental lexicon; the extent to which hearers can rely on words being identified before their acoustic offsets; and the role of context in auditory word recognition. Three hypotheses which are based on the predictions of the Cohort Model (Marslen-Wilson and Tyler 1980) are tested experimentally using the gating paradigm. First, the phonological access hypothesis claims that word onsets, rather than any other part of the word, are used to access representations in the mental lexicon. An alternative candidate which has been proposed as the initiator of lexical access is the stressed syllable. Second, the early recognition hypothesis states that polysyllabic words, and the majority of words heard in context, will be recognised before their acoustic offsets. Finally, the context-free hypothesis predicts that during the initial stages of the processing of words, no effects of context will be discernible. Experiment 1 tests all three predictions by manipulating aspects of carefully articulated, read speech. First, examination of the gating responses from three context conditions offers no support for the context-free hypothesis. Second, the high number of words which are identified before their acoustic offsets is consistent with the early recognition hypothesis. Finally, the phonological access hypothesis is tested by manipulation of the stress patterns of stimuli. The dependent variables which are examined relate to the processes of lexical access and lexical retrieval; stress differences are found on access measures but not on those relating to retrieval. When the experiment is replicated with a group of subjects whose level of literacy is lower than that of the undergraduates who took part in the original experiment, differences are found in measures relating to contextual processing. Experiment 2 continues to examine the phonological access hypothesis, by manipulating speech style (read versus conversational) as well as stress pattern. Gated words, excised from the speech of six speakers, are presented in isolation. Words excised from read speech and words stressed on the first syllable elicit a greater number of responses which match the stimuli than conversational tokens and words with unstressed initial syllables. Intelligibility differences among the four conditions are also reported. Experiment 3 aims to investigate the processing of read and spontaneous tokens heard in context, while maintaining the manipulation of stress pattern. A subset of the words from Experiment 2 are presented in their original sentence contexts: the test words themselves, plus up to three subsequent words, are gated. Although the presence of preceding context generally enhances intelligibility, some words remain unrecognised by the end of the third subsequent word. An interaction between stress and speech style may be explained in terms of the unintelligibility of the preceding context. Several issues arising from Experiments 1, 2 and 3 are considered further. The characteristics of words which fail to be recognised before their offsets are examined using the statistical technique of regression; the contributions of phonetic and phonological aspects of stressed syllables are assessed; and a further experiment is reported which explores top-down processing in spontaneous speech, and which offers support for the interpretation of the results of Experiment 3 offered earlier.

We've probably all had the experience, when reading, of coming across an unfamiliar word and trying to guess some of its meaning. This thesis is a study of the guessing strategy used. Independent variables are: word meaning (known/unknown), form of presentation (cloze/pseudoword), word class (noun/verb), amount of information (3 amounts), orders of types of information (6). Dependent variables are: accuracy, confidence (belief in one's accuracy) and uncertainty (the number of alternative hypotheses held). Subjects are native speaker university students. The main result is that subjects tend not to guess unknown meanings. They treat them as known meanings (I e. they guess a familiar single word rather than a new meaning) by regarding the meaning cues, as they appear across varying amounts of information, as inconsistent items of information. Whilst there are interesting differences for form, the presence or absence of an unfamiliar form does not materially affect this process. There are also interesting differences for order. However, an interpretation of this finding in terms of a principle of costs and benefits suggests subjects would not employ an order based strategy in real life. The effectiveness of guessing as a communication and as a learning strategy is evaluated in the light of these findings.

Thesis (Masters Diploma (Teacher Training)) -- Cape Technikon, 1991 / One aspect of modern technology which affects today's society is the use of computers. Against this background a study of curriculation is made and a needs assessment done on word-processing for commercial education students at South African technikons. In order to determine the needs for training in wordprocessing amongst commercial teachers in the Cape Province, permission was obtained from the Cape Department of Education to sent out a questionnaire. A second questionnaire was distributed to lecturers who train commercial teachers at technikons in the Republic of South Africa in order to obtain knowledge and insight which could lead to the establishment of criteria for the tuition of word-processing to the said education students. This study is supported by a continuous literature study. According to the random sample the commercial teachers mentioned regarding word-processing skills as very important and would like to attend a short in-service training course in this respect. Based on feedback on the other questionnaire distributed to lecturers at the five South African technikons currently training commercial teachers, criteria were formulated for the presentation of word-processing to commercial education students. Personal interviews on word-processing were conducted with experts in the field of education in order to verify indicators from both the questionnaires mentioned. With reference to personal interviews, the questionnaires and the literature study a curriculum model for wordprocessing was drawn up to be used during the training of commercial education students at technikons.

La présente thèse en création littéraire comporte deux parties. La première est un recueil de poésie divisé entre les deux types de poésies orales que nous avons étudiés : le spoken word poetry et le slam de poésie. À travers cette expérience de création, notre objectif était de montrer les différences entre les deux styles ainsi que leur courbe évolutive. Pour y arriver, nous avons pris comme point de départ un poème dans le style plus traditionnel de la poésie. À partir de ce texte « sacrifié » (selon la méthode mise en place durant les soirées de Slam), nous avons donc organisé les poèmes en suivant notre adaptation aux exigences du slam de poésie et du spoken word poetry. À travers ce travail, nous avons aussi dressé un plan thématique pour compléter l’organisation du recueil. La seconde partie est composée de deux chapitres. Le premier est une étude théorique sur les différences entre les deux styles de poésie : il serait alors question de l’évolution progressive d’une poésie orale vers une autre en plus des orientations prises par chacune au fil des années. Comme genre littéraire, le spoken word, qui reste plus près des sources, est beaucoup plus libre que le Slam, qui s’implante dans le milieu actuel avec ses thèmes et doit suivre les règles rigides de la compétition. Le deuxième chapitre est un retour réflexif sur ma propre création à partir des notions vues au premier chapitre. Il explique en profondeur l’organisation de mon recueil de même que le plan thématique de ses deux parties.

This thesis attempts to explain the functions of the preposing of the direct object in Japanese. Japanese is generally a verb-final language and the basic word order is Subject (S) -> Object (O) -> Verb (V). However, it also has relatively free word order, and a direct object can be preposed to the sentence-initial position forming OSV word order. Although clauses expressed in SOV and OSV word orders are semantically identical, OSV is used much less frequently in comparison to SOV. This thesis examines the motivations behind the preposing of direct objects. As a first step toward understanding the possible functions of OSV word order, this thesis analyzes characteristics of preposed direct objects in its data collected from written materials. The results show that both structural characteristics and the information status of direct objects play roles in preposing. Structural characteristics found in preposed direct objects are that they tend to be lengthy, tend to contain demonstratives, or tend not be a direct object component of idiomatic expressions formed with a direct object and a verb. Preposed direct objects tend to convey information that is either linked to the preceding discourse, is linked to the hearer's knowledge, or is emphasized. The findings also show that the preposing of direct objects is motivated by various reasons depending on what is required to enhance communication in the context. Direct objects that have structurally different characteristics, namely those that contain demonstratives or long direct object phrases, are preposed for easier sentence processing or reference. In order to avoid ambiguity, preposing does not occur when the process would split an idiomatic expression comprised of a direct object and a verb. Preposing of direct objects conveying information linked to either the preceding discourse or the hearer's knowledge creates relevance between the preceding discourse and the present proposition. Preposing direct objects structurally indicates what information is emphasized. In other words, the preposing of direct objects facilitates effective communication. / Arts, Faculty of / Asian Studies, Department of / Graduate