Previous research conducted on the US markets has found that retailers' trading imbalances can contribute to excess return opportunities, especially on Small Cap stocks. Therefore, we argue that this can be seen as an anomaly. However, anomalies that are found historically may not tell the whole truth. This is because these anomalies have been established on respective studies' specific markets and time periods. Researchers that have investigated the issue argue that it is essential to further challenge anomalies by replicating them in other settings to see if the evidence still holds. Hence, the purpose of this study is to examine if the retailers' trading imbalance anomaly can be replicated on Swedish Small Cap listed firms. We have examined this by using cross-sectional regressions in the spirit of Fama and MacBeth. This thesis concludes that the retailers’ trading imbalances cannot be replicated when applied to the chosen setting. We argue that the reasons for this are that retailers’ trading imbalances are not persistent, are not compensated when providing liquidity into the markets, and that it does not contain useful information about future stock returns. In addition, we also argue that inherent differences in the US markets compared to the Swedish Small Cap listed firms are affecting our possibility to successfully replicate the anomaly.

This Diploma thesis is focused on performance comparison between mutual funds and classic ETF. In the theoretic part, essence and the principle of functioning of mutual funds and ETF are described. In conclusion of the theoretical part is included an overview of empirical studies that are focused on the same topic. In the empirical part is performed comparison between mutual funds and ETF which are selected from 4 economic sectors and oriented on the American market exclusively. Funds performance comparison is performed from the perspective of chosen investment time horizon and in the context of declining, growing and stagnating of the American stock market. Investment recommendation is made according to results obtained from the empirical part.

Yes / This paper examines the role of institutional investor sentiment in determination of the beta-return relation. Empirical evidence documents a positive (negative) beta-return relation over bearish (bullish) periods, implying that institutional investors can also be sentiment traders.

Investing in the stock market offers opportunities for wealth accumulation through variousstrategies. This thesis explores the pairs trading strategy with dual-class stocks differingonly in voting rights, aiming to reduce portfolio risk and outperform the market bench-mark. Using data from the Swedish Large Cap index (2003-2023), the study benchmarksthe strategy’s performance against the OMXSPI index, assessing total return, CAGR andthe Sharpe ratio for three different strategies. Depending on the predefined thresholds ofthe trading strategy, the study concludes that pairs trading can surpass a buy-and-holdapproach, showing the effectiveness of a market neutral trading strategy.

權益成本估計的不確定性將嚴重影響企業價值評估的準確性，因此本文檢視CAPM單一因子模型及Fama and French三因子模型，依1982年7月至2007年12月之台灣二十八類產業為研究樣本，以傳統的所有樣本期間迴歸（Full-period Regression）與滾動式迴歸（Rolling Regression）兩種不同估計方式，發現CAPM及Fama and French三因子模型之風險係數隨著時間改變的平均真實隱含標準差均高達0.18以上。比較兩模型在產業權益成本預測能力的比較上，Fama and French三因子模型不論預測近期或遠期的表現均優於CAPM外，預測的期間越久，兩模型預測能力差距將越小，其預測能力也越接近。在我們進一步利用兩種定價模式估計產業權益成本發現，Fama and French三因子模型明顯降低了產業權益成本的波動狀況，並且CAPM與Fama and French三因子模型使用五年滾動式迴歸模型估計的差異大於使用完整樣本期間估計的方式。有鑑於此，當我們選擇資產定價模型做為資產評價上之權益成本應用時，在預測短期間的權益成本估計上，Fama and French三因子模型以長期間的完整歷史時間估計仍為有較佳方式。然而在預測遠期的權益成本估計時，CAPM仍為不錯的估算方式。

This essay will compare the capital asset pricing model (CAPM), Fama and French threefactor model and Carhart´s four-factor model, to see which of these models that can explain portfolio excess returns best on the Swedish stock market. This thesis will tempt to validate the three and four-factor models because of the limited amount of research done on the Swedish stock market. The results indicate that the three-factor model improves explanatory power for portfolio returns in comparison to the CAPM, and the four-factor model gives a small improvement in the explanatory power compared to the three-factor model. The results also indicate that all models have a low explanatory power when the market is volatile.

The main goal of the thesis is to find market value for the company Komerční banka, a.s. on the date 31st December 2010. At the beginning of the work is described the specifics of banking institutions. The valuation consists of financial analysis, strategic analysis and creating the financial scheme. For the final valuation there is used the method called DCF Equity that discounts all the cash flows that flow to the company's owners. As an additional method was used Bond Pricing Model, market capitalization and market comparison.

Thesis advisor: Harold Petersen / According to the Efficient Market Hypothesis (EMH), speculative bubbles do not exist and are impossible. We disagree. If prices are the only observable component of an asset’s value, and they themselves are an aggregated consensus of perceived value, then what about the Efficient Market Hypothesis (EMH) is testable? Rather than assume that prices always reflect value (i.e. perfect market efficiency), we maintain that markets are efficient to the extent that one can be confident that tomorrow’s prices will not diverge dramatically or arbitrarily from today’s prices, absent significant new information. Speculative bubbles are not materializing every day, every month, or even every year. But they do have the potential and indeed a tendency to occur from time to time. If markets are efficient, what explains all the trading? Rather than assume rational expectations and a homogenous investor class, we assume four investor classes that diverge in their perception of value (i.e. in their expectation of future returns) and thus trade with each other. Using insights from Hyman Minsky’s Financial Instability Hypothesis (FIH), we develop a theoretical framework for how a speculative bubble might materialize within a modern capitalist economy with securities markets’ that follow a random walk. Obviously, there is no “bubble” variable. We use Tobin’s Q, the ratio of the price of an asset to its replacement cost, and Shiller’s cyclically adjusted P/E ratio as proxy variables for bubbles. We find statistically significant, negative relationships between both of these proxy variables and our dependent variable, Ten Year Cumulative Returns, thereby providing evidence against the EMH and suggesting the possibility of speculative bubbles. / Thesis (BA) — Boston College, 2014. / Submitted to: Boston College. College of Arts and Sciences. / Discipline: Economics Honors Program. / Discipline: Economics.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:48:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Lucas Lucio Godeiro.pdf: 2764843 bytes, checksum: c27a349337947bc5671ae909ca2237f6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-10-30 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The work aim to test the CAPM for the Brazilian Shares Market using the static was beta and the dynamic beta. The sample used is composed for 28 shares of the Ibovespa index in March 21, 2012 and that was traded long the period researched, between 01/01/1995 and 20/03/2012. Was estimated the static and dynamic betas, and that the dynamics betas has a larger explication power on the cross section returns excess. It was found that the parameters that measure relative risk aversion were significant, indicating that an increase in volatility negatively affects the expected return of the agents / A pesquisa objetiva testar o CAPM para o mercado de ações brasileiro utilizando o beta estático e o beta dinâmico. A amostra utilizada é composta por 28 ações do índice Ibovespa em vinte de março de 2012 e que foram negociados durante todo o período pesquisado, que vai de 01/01/1995 a 20/03/2012. Foram estimados os betas estáticos e dinâmicos, sendo que os betas dinâmicos tem um maior poder de explicação sobre os excessos de retornos cross section. Também foi constatado que os parâmetros que medem aversão a risco relativa foram significantes, indicando que um aumento de volatilidade afeta de forma negativa o retorno esperado dos agentes

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-25T16:45:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Roberta Marin Faneco Saad.pdf: 3859117 bytes, checksum: 32f13a480366560a7c35c3492b2752ed (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-09-02 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The purpose of this dissertation is to investigate the existence of the value effect anomaly on Latin America stock market. The value effect is characterized by high performance of value portfolios (the latter containing with high yields stocks book-to-market, earnings to price and cashflow to price) than growth portfolios (the ones containing with low yields stocks for the same variables). The database is composed by common stocks listed at the main Stock Exchanges of five countries: Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Mexico and Peru, from 2003 to 2008. This data was extracted from Bloomberg database. The employed test methodology was similar to the one developed and used by Fama e French (1998). The monthly return excess of the value and growth portfolios was calculated and compared by country and by Latin American market. Then ran up models of simple and multiple linear regressions in the search for explanation of changes in the returns of portfolios. The Latin American portfolios were formed of two ways: a) weighted average by the amounts negotiated in the stock exchanges of each countries of the monthly excess return of the portfolios by country; b) simple average of the monthly excess return of the portfolios by country. It was used statistical tests such as: t-Student for the comparison of the average return of the value and growth portfolios and the significance of the regression coefficients; Durbin-Watson test of autocorrelation of waste; and Kolmogorov-Smirnov test to verify normality of the series of data. The results indicated that, despite that the value portfolio presented returns higher than the growth portfolios and the market, it is not possible to prove the existence of the value effect over the Latin America market due to low statistics significance of test t. Besides, the CAPM model proved to be significative and superior to the APT two factors model in the explanation of the returns of the value and growth portfolios / O objetivo da presente dissertação é a verificação da existência da anomalia efeito valor no mercado acionário latinoamericano. O efeito valor caracteriza-se pelo desempenho superior das carteiras value (carteiras contendo ações com alta razão book-to-market, earnings to price e cashflow to price) em relação às carteiras growth (carteiras contendo ações com baixa razão para as mesmas variáveis). O estudo compreendeu as ações ordinárias listadas nas principais Bolsas de Valores de cinco países: Argentina, Brasil, Chile, México e Peru, no período de 2003 a 2008, cujos dados foram extraídos do banco de dados Bloomberg. A metodologia de teste utilizada foi semelhante àquela desenvolvida e aplicada por Fama e French (1998). Calculou-se e comparou-se os excessos de retornos mensais das carteiras value e growth por país e para o mercado latinoamericano. Em seguida, executou-se modelos de regressões lineares simples e múltipla na busca de explicação das variações dos retornos das carteiras. As carteiras formadas para o mercado latinoamericano foram compostas de duas formas: a) por meio de média aritmética ponderada, pelo montante negociado nas bolsas de valores dos respectivos países, dos excessos de retornos mensais das carteiras dos países; b) por meio de média aritmética simples dos excessos de retornos mensais das carteiras dos países. Foram utilizados testes estatísticos t-Student para comparação entre os retornos médios das carteiras value e growth e significância dos coeficientes das regressões; teste Durbin-Watson de autocorrelação dos resíduos; e teste de Kolmogorov-Smirnov para verificação de normalidade das séries de dados. Os resultados obtidos demonstram que, apesar das carteiras value apresentarem retornos superiores às carteiras growth e de mercado, não se pode comprovar a existência do efeito valor no mercado latinoamericano devido às baixas significâncias estatísticas do teste t. Além disso, o modelo CAPM mostrou-se significativo e superior ao modelo APT dois fatores na explicação dos retornos das carteiras value e growth