Term of remote-lab is certain types of laboratories which practical experiments are directedfrom a separate area by remote controller devices. This study is part of developing andupgrading advanced vibration remote laboratory. In the new remote lab, users have theability to measure the dynamic characteristics of the test object similar to the current existingremote lab. But in addition to current existing remote lab, they are capable to modifydynamic properties of the test object remotely by attaching vibration test instruments; such asa block of mass, spring-mass or non-linear spring. Doing several accurate experimental testsremotely on the test object are the toughest issues we faced as designers. In creating anddeveloping of this remote-lab, number of different approaches was adopted for producingwell-defined tests. Also, instead of implementing routine devices and techniques for regularvibration laboratories, the new prototypes were designed by finite elements method (FEM)and LABVIEW. For instance, the desirable test object, the attachment mechanism, usefulapplications, and proper software for managing via internet were prepared.

Continental Automotive Systems is a German company that develops control systems for different applications in cars. A control system for electrically powered lift gates that are opened or closed on the driver’s command is one of the products developed. The drive system itself is composed of a spindle that is driven by a DC-motor over a gear and a spring. When developing the control system it is convenient to use a simulation model instead of having to implement it on the system every time. The simulation analytically describes how the system is behaving. In this thesis a simulation model of a drive system and a lift gate is developed and evaluated. The model parameters are estimated using System Identification Toolbox in Matlab. / Continental Automotive Systems är ett tyskt företag som utvecklar styrsystem för olika tillämpningar i bilar. Bland annat utvecklas ett styrsystem till eldrivna bakluckor som öppnas och stängs av föraren per knapptryck. Själva drivanordningen består av en skruv som drivs av en likströmsmotor över en utväxling och en fjäder. Då man vill utveckla styrsystemet utan att behöva implementera det på systemet varje gång är en simuleringsmodell av drivanordningen och luckan ett bra hjälpmedel. Denna simuleringsmodell kan då analytiskt beräkna hur systemet uppför sig. I detta examensarbete har en simuleringsmodell av en drivanordning med tillhörande lucka utvecklats och utvärderats. Modellparametrarna estimerades med hjälp av System Identification Toolbox i Matlab.

Ball mill grinding is an important operation in the processing of most minerals, in that it may be used to produce particles of the required size and shape, to liberate minerals from each other for concentration purposes, and to increase the powder surface area. Grinding of minerals is probably the most energy consuming task and optimization of this operation has vital importance in processing plant operations to achieve the lowest operating costs. Predicting the complete product size distribution, mill specifications and power draw are important parameters of this optimization. In this study, a computer simulation program is developed in MATLAB environment to simulate grinding operations using the kinetic model in which comminution is considered as a process continuous in time. This type of model is commonly and successfully used for tumbling grinding mills having strongly varying residence time as a function of feed rate. The program developed, GRINDSIM, is capable of simulating a ball mill for a specified set of model parameters, estimating grinding kinetic parameters from experimental batch grinding data and calculating continuous open and closed-circuit grinding behavior with mill power input. The user interacts with the program through graphical user interfaces (GUI&rsquo / s).

This work focuses on modeling and real-time control of a motion simulator for dynamic testing of a two-axis gyro-stabilized head mirror used in modern tanks. For this purpose, a six-degree-of freedom Stewart Platform which can simulate disturbances on the stabilized head mirror during operation of the tank is employed. Mathematical models of the Stewart Platform are constructed using MATLAB and ADAMS. Control system infrastructure is constructed and real-time control system elements are employed. Controller tuning is achieved by using the developed mathematical models in MATLAB. These parameters are applied in the real-time control system and fine tuning is achieved. Accuracy of the motion simulator is tested by mounting an Inertial Measurement Unit on the Stewart Platform. Further control system strategies are discussed by means of simulation.

We present a level-set algorithm for topology optimisation and demonstrate its capabilities and advantages in a variety of settings. The algorithm uses discrete element densities so that interpolation schemes are avoided and the boundary of the design is always well defined. A review of the level-set method for topology optimisation, and a description of the mathematical concepts behind the level-set algorithm are given in the introductory chapters. A compact Matlab implementation of the algorithm provides explicit implementation details for the simple example of compliance minimisation with a volume constraint. The remainder of the thesis presents original results obtained using the level-set algorithm. As a new application, we use topology optimisation to maximise fracture resistance. Fracture resistance is assumed to be related to the elastic energy released by a crack propagating in a normal direction from parts of the boundary that are in tension. We develop a suitable fracture resistance objective functional, derive its shape derivative and apply the level-set algorithm to simple examples. Topology optimisation methods that involve intermediate density elements are not suitable to solve this problem because the boundary of the design is not well defined. Our results indicate that the algorithm correctly optimises for fracture resistance. As the method is computationally intensive, we suggest simpler objective functionals that could be used as a proxy for fracture resistance. For example, a perimeter penalty could be added to the compliance objective functional in conjunction with a non-linear elasticity law where the Young's modulus in tension is lower than in compression. The level-set method has only recently been applied to fluid flow problems. We utilise the level-set algorithm to minimise energy dissipation in Stokes flows in both two and three dimensions. The discrete element densities allow the no-slip boundary condition to be applied directly. The Stokes equations therefore need only be solved in the fluid region of the design: this results in significant computational savings compared to conventional material distribution approaches. In order to quantify the computational savings the optimisation problems are resolved using an interpolation scheme to simulate the no-slip boundary condition. This significant advantage of the level-set method for fluid flow problems has not been noted by other authors. The algorithm produces results consistent with those obtained by other topology optimisation approaches, and solves large-scale three dimensional problems with modest computational cost. The first examples of three dimensional periodic microstructure design with the level-set method are presented in this thesis. The level-set algorithm is extended to deal with multiple constraints. This is needed so that materials can be designed with symmetry requirements imposed on their effective properties. To demonstrate the capabilities of the approach, unit cells are designed separately to maximise conductivity and bulk modulus with an isotropy requirement. The resulting materials have properties very close to the relevant Hashin-Shtrikman bounds. The algorithm is then applied to multifunctional material design: unit cells are designed to give isotropic materials that have maximum bulk modulus and maximum conductivity. Cross-property bounds indicate the near-optimality of the microstructures obtained. The design space of the problem is extensively explored with different coefficients of the conductivity and bulk modulus in the objective and different volume constraints. We hypothesise the existence of theoretically optimal single-scale microstructures with the topologies of the computationally optimised microstructures we have found. Structures derived from the Schwartz primitive (P) and diamond (D) minimal surfaces have previously been presented as good multifunctional composites. These structures are elastically anisotropic. Although they have similar conductivity, they have stiffness properties inferior to several of the isotropic optimised microstructures.

We present a level-set algorithm for topology optimisation and demonstrate its capabilities and advantages in a variety of settings. The algorithm uses discrete element densities so that interpolation schemes are avoided and the boundary of the design is always well defined. A review of the level-set method for topology optimisation, and a description of the mathematical concepts behind the level-set algorithm are given in the introductory chapters. A compact Matlab implementation of the algorithm provides explicit implementation details for the simple example of compliance minimisation with a volume constraint. The remainder of the thesis presents original results obtained using the level-set algorithm. As a new application, we use topology optimisation to maximise fracture resistance. Fracture resistance is assumed to be related to the elastic energy released by a crack propagating in a normal direction from parts of the boundary that are in tension. We develop a suitable fracture resistance objective functional, derive its shape derivative and apply the level-set algorithm to simple examples. Topology optimisation methods that involve intermediate density elements are not suitable to solve this problem because the boundary of the design is not well defined. Our results indicate that the algorithm correctly optimises for fracture resistance. As the method is computationally intensive, we suggest simpler objective functionals that could be used as a proxy for fracture resistance. For example, a perimeter penalty could be added to the compliance objective functional in conjunction with a non-linear elasticity law where the Young's modulus in tension is lower than in compression. The level-set method has only recently been applied to fluid flow problems. We utilise the level-set algorithm to minimise energy dissipation in Stokes flows in both two and three dimensions. The discrete element densities allow the no-slip boundary condition to be applied directly. The Stokes equations therefore need only be solved in the fluid region of the design: this results in significant computational savings compared to conventional material distribution approaches. In order to quantify the computational savings the optimisation problems are resolved using an interpolation scheme to simulate the no-slip boundary condition. This significant advantage of the level-set method for fluid flow problems has not been noted by other authors. The algorithm produces results consistent with those obtained by other topology optimisation approaches, and solves large-scale three dimensional problems with modest computational cost. The first examples of three dimensional periodic microstructure design with the level-set method are presented in this thesis. The level-set algorithm is extended to deal with multiple constraints. This is needed so that materials can be designed with symmetry requirements imposed on their effective properties. To demonstrate the capabilities of the approach, unit cells are designed separately to maximise conductivity and bulk modulus with an isotropy requirement. The resulting materials have properties very close to the relevant Hashin-Shtrikman bounds. The algorithm is then applied to multifunctional material design: unit cells are designed to give isotropic materials that have maximum bulk modulus and maximum conductivity. Cross-property bounds indicate the near-optimality of the microstructures obtained. The design space of the problem is extensively explored with different coefficients of the conductivity and bulk modulus in the objective and different volume constraints. We hypothesise the existence of theoretically optimal single-scale microstructures with the topologies of the computationally optimised microstructures we have found. Structures derived from the Schwartz primitive (P) and diamond (D) minimal surfaces have previously been presented as good multifunctional composites. These structures are elastically anisotropic. Although they have similar conductivity, they have stiffness properties inferior to several of the isotropic optimised microstructures.

Στην παρούσα εργασία παρουσιάζεται μία μελέτη για το κατά πόσο τα οικονομικά πανεπιστήμια της Γερμανίας, Γαλλίας, Ολλανδίας, ΗΠΑ και της Μεγάλης Βρετανίας, τόσο προπτυχιακά όσο και μεταπτυχιακά, χρησιμοποιούν λογισμικά πακέτα στα μαθήματα κορμού (Οικονομετρία, Στατιστική) κατά την διάρκεια της διδασκαλίας και της έρευνας. Ξέροντας ότι η επιμόρφωση των καθηγητών κατά τη διάρκεια της υπηρεσίας τους πρέπει να θεωρείται δικαίωμα του καθηγητή καθόσον αποτελεί απαραίτητη προϋπόθεση, τόσο για την επαγγελματική ανάπτυξη και αυτονομία του καθηγητή, όσο και για την βελτίωση της αποτελεσματικότητας του εκπαιδευτικού συστήματος, ψάξαμε και συλλέξαμε πληροφορίες για την συμβολή των λογισμικών στην διδασκαλία και την έρευνα. Ενώ υπάρχει μία σημαντική εξέλιξη των λογισμικών, εντός των οικονομικών τμημάτων, η χρήση τους είναι περιορισμένη. Πολλοί υποστηρίζουν ότι, εν μέρει, η μη χρήση των πακέτων αυτών στα οικονομικά εξηγείται από την προτεραιότητα που δίνεται στην ανάπτυξη των οικονομετρικών πακέτων και την απουσία ενός συμφωνημένου περιεχομένου για τη διδασκαλία των μαθημάτων και στα δύο επίπεδα σπουδών. / This paper presents a study on whether the economic universities in Germany, France, USA, Netherlands and Great Britain, both undergraduate and postgraduate program,use software packages in core courses such as Econometrics, Statistics etc.during the teaching and research.

The goal of this project is to perform a pre-study for taking a step toward implementing CT-scanners into medical transportation, and to answer the following questions. Can a miniaturized CT-scanner be created from lower end hardware without compromising image quality? Which image filters are optimal to obtain the clearest, least noisy images from the created CT-scanner? To answer these questions, a literature study is performed and the study shows that a highpass filter combined with flat field correction and a contrast enhancing filter is the most efficient way to increase the image detail in an X-ray image. The image filter is created in MATLAB and the CT-scanner software is created with Python. This project concludes that it is possible with the right hardware and software implementations, to create a miniature CT-scanner as images of both organic and inorganic objects are taken, filtered and their internal structure displayed.

This scientific work is dedicated to the study of the impact of vibrations on the Volvo A60 articulated hauler’s hydraulic tank taking fluid-structure interaction into account. In this work, a theoretical background is presented in order to give the reader a basic awareness of the given problem together with a detailed description of the methods used during the examination of the above mentioned hydraulic tank. To perform an analysis of the finite-element model, ANSYS software was used while ANSA and META were used as the pre- and post-processor. Matlab was used in order to compare the obtained data. As a result of the analysis, this work provides a simplified and yet accurate model and a description of some of the minor problems present in the original Volvo CE model. In order to solve those issues, solutions are proposed.

O método do gradiente conjugado, na sua forma geral, pode ser aplicado a um sistema de equações lineares algébricas Ax = b, quando A é autoadjunta e positiva definida em relação a um produto interno qualquer. As formas de recorrência de dois termos ou três, que fornecem uma aproximação da solução do sistema, independem do produto interno fixado no espaço universo. A generalidade teórica envolvida em tal contexto encontra-se, nesse trabalho, devidamente justificada. O precondicionamento e a sua relação com o produto interno utilizado, e o método para SELAS singulares e quase singulares também fazem parte da exposição. / The conjugated gradient method, in its general form, can be applied on an algebraic linear system Ax = b , when A is selfadjoint and positive definite with respect to an arbitrary inner product. The three-term recurrence form and the two-term one that give an approximation to the solution of the system do not depend on the inner product in the environment space. The theoretical generality involved in that context is properly justified in this dissertation. The preconditioning and its relationship with the relevant inner product and the conjugate gradient method for the singular and nearly singular systems are also part of this work.