數據進入難民的夢想：社會責任與人道主義的業務流程外包之三方夥伴關係 / Data Entry Refugees Dreams is to sign a long-term tripartite partnership agreement with Digital Divide Data (DDD) and the Thai-Burma Border Consortium (TBBC). Data Entry Refugees’ Dreams will offer data entry services to customers outside the borders of the refugee camp with no need for them to go outside of the camp thanks to the internet and communication technology. As its name states, Refugees Dreams will represent an opportunity to make the dreams of refugees come true. Its employees will be 100% refugees who are living in Mae La Refugee Camp in Mae Sot, Thailand. To be recruited, the potential employees of Data Entry Refugees Dreams will have to possess basic Computing and English skills and have already obtained a high school diploma, which are the basic academic requisites for this kind of job. Also, they will have to convince the Management Team that they deserve to work for this company and that they are striving to make their dreams come true. They will have to write and present their dreams to the recruiters. The selected candidates will be those that have a clear plan to achieve their dreams, and those whose dreams will benefit the refugee community in general. The market size of data entry services is worldwide; there are not borders or limits for this kind of industry. Customers come from all over the world. According to a 2010 report prepared by the Asian-Oceanian Computing Industry Organization (ASOCIO) and the accounting firm Klynveld Peat Marwick Goerdeler (KPMG), only India's IT-BPO market, which accounts for 51% of the global market shares, could be valued at as much as US $285 billion in the year 2020. Global demand for outsourcing services has been in constant rise at an average of 4.9% per annum since 2008, and is expected to continue until 2020, if not more. There is gross potential for a productive skilled work force, especially those at very low cost. The partnership with Digital Divide Data (DDD), will not only give Refugees’ Dream access to technology, equipment, experience and training but will also give access to a huge range of customers that choose DDD among other outsourcing companies because they want to make a difference and have identified that job creation is a good contribution to the solution to poverty and lack of development in some countries. TBBC will have a supporting role, in the sense that they will manage the budget of Refugees Dreams, will give management and legal support, and will manage the grants that will be possible thanks to the revenues generated by Refugees Dreams. Refugees Dreams will offer to its partners not only the access to a qualified, low cost, and in need of humanitarian assistance workforce, but also the accomplishment of their common goal of helping and assisting disadvantaged people By doing this, DDD will expand its social impact to a humanitarian impact since unlike its employees in Cambodia and Laos, refugees have no freedom of movement or transit in Thailand, or legal documents to apply for jobs. They have to remain within the borders of the camp where the humanitarian conditions are harsh; there is not enough food, medicine, education and opportunities. They are 100% dependent on humanitarian aid. The revenue that will be generated by Refugees Dreams will also benefit the other member of the tripartite agreement, the TBBC, because it will also support the efforts of TBBC in developing the refugee community of Mae La, which is part of their main objectives. The TBBC will manage the revenues obtained by the partnership to be distributed in the form of grants to the refugees who at the same time will receive training about entrepreneurship and savings from TBBC, as already implemented by their Entrepreneurship and saving project. Giving jobs to the refugees would have not only a social, but also a humanitarian impact which is recognized worldwide. With jobs, they not only gain economic independence, they gain dignity and the psychological effect of being productive and having a purpose in their life. They will also have a hope of change in their situation, since by receiving grants they will strive to see their dreams come true. Refugees Dreams is seeking seed capital of 113,650 USD, mostly to guarantee enough cash to assume the investment of equipment and the training required to start operations. Running cost cash expenditures are not required because the company will generate enough cash from the first month of operations to assume those payments. Refugees Dream projects a gross surplus of 425,211 USD in year one, representing a net surplus of USD 175,135 and an accumulated net income of USD 900, 035 after year five, with a NPV of USD 409,852.54 a payback within one year and an IRR of 175.51%. By establishing Data Entry Refugees Dreams, not only the 100 employees that are planned to be hired will be benefited. Take into consideration the Entrepreneurship Development, Grant and Savings project implemented by the Thailand Burma Border Consortium (TBBC) which grants USD 80.00 to each selected and trained refugee to start their own business. With the surplus of USD 175,135 Refugees Dreams would benefit 2,189 refugee families in the first year and as consequence motivate the development of their community. With the 179,063 USD of net income projected for year two, another 2238 refugee’ families would be benefited. By the end of year 5, the accumulated number of direct beneficiaries would amount to a total of 11, 350 families and a total of 22,700 indirect beneficiaries, summing 34,050 potential beneficiaries which represent more than 60% of the total refugee population of Mae La. Realizing the dreams of the refugees living in Mae La Camp is the main purpose of Refugees Dreams and that is how the success and impact will be measured. The number of dreams started will be the indicators, but the ones that will be achieved will represent the accomplishments and the fulfilment of Refugees Dreams’ Mission.

俄羅斯在2008年8月8日北京奧運開幕期間對格魯吉亞 （Georgia）用兵，起因是格魯吉亞出兵南奧塞梯(South Ossetia)自治州，欲趁俄羅斯總理普欽（Putin）前往北京參加奧運開幕式之際，其可能對格魯吉亞出兵無法做出立即的反應，意圖以閃電戰收回長期以來有獨立運動的南奧塞梯自治州與阿布哈玆（Abkhazia）自治共和國，結果造成俄羅斯立即出兵格魯吉亞展開高加索反擊戰，受過車臣戰爭訓練有素的駐高加索俄軍，輕易地把局勢逆轉進入南奧塞梯首府茨欣瓦利（Ts khinvali）。兩國戰火持續了五天，格魯吉亞政府透過歐盟向俄方傳遞停火要求，於是雙方在歐盟主席輪值國的法國總統薩科奇(Sarkozy)的調停之下接受「俄法六原則」的停火協議。俄羅斯聯邦議會上下兩院更在25日全票通過兩地向俄羅斯提出欲獨立的呼籲書，呼籲俄羅斯總統梅德韋傑夫（Medvedev）正式承認兩地的獨立地位。無預警的戰事受到美國、歐盟、及中國的高度關切並在國際間專家、學者間興起研究的風潮，俄羅斯與格魯吉亞究竟如何爆發衝突為本文研究的第一個動機。

在政治研究以及一般社會研究的領域中，價值的科學分析一向都是極受重視並曾引起 長期爭論的問題。前人討論此一問題的專著，雖然曾出不窮，可是眾說紛紜，至今依 然沒有定論。因此，本文一方面想根據前人所獲致的某些結論作為背景，另一方面也 想憑藉現代方法論所發展出來的知識作為標準，來對此一問題從事全面性的澄清工作 ，並進而試作解答。 本文的主題是政治研究中的價值問題，在討論過程中，涉及的範圍，相當寬廣，但始 終圍繞著兩個重心而進行。這兩個重心即是：價值中立與價值的經驗研究。全文共有 六章，每章的主要內容，分別扼要說明如下。 第一章是導論。對傳統政治學及現代政治學中有關價值問題的重要論證，作一評論性 的分析，並進而企圖逐漸顯現出來價值分析及是政治研究領中的關鍵性課題。 第二章討論價值語句的認知。本世紀中，關於價值語句的認知，曾先後出現五種不同 的重要說法。其中以「規約說」較為健全。本文以「規約說」略加修正後作為基礎， 進而肯定兩個論點：（１）「政治科學著作中不得包含價值語句」的假定乃是多餘的 ；（２）後行為主義（post-behavioralism）強調人道主義的原則具有其合理的基礎 。 第三章討論價值語句的推論。從事實語句是否可能推論出價值語句，向來即有兩種對 立的答案：一種是肯定的，另一種是否定的。本文接受後者的答案，即支持「分離論 」的說法。 第四章討論經驗研究中免除價值判斷的可能性。關於此一問題，不僅產生爭論甚多， 而且招致曲解至深。本文以化繁為簡的方式，首先把各種不同的論點區分為兩大派： 一為「全方法論上的價值中立」。所謂「方法論上的價值中立」，即是一方面保留肯 定派的意圖，另一方面化除否定派的疑難。 第五章討論價值的經驗研究。首先指出「價值中立論」的被誤解及反行為主義（ antibehavioralism ）的武斷。並進而透過概念的系統意含及經驗意含之分析，以顯 現出價值的經驗研究之可能性及困難性。 第六章是結論。於政治研究中的價值問題，本文所肯定的重要論點，及提出的六項要 旨，均以概括性的方式，在結論中逐一加以說明。 /