對於中共黨軍關係的研究，學者們從不同的途徑，提出豐富的研究成果；但這些觀點對中共「以黨領軍」原則在共軍內部的實際運作情形，並未形成完整的個案研究。基於上述個案研究的需要，以及個人對共軍發展的興趣，希望能透過本研究理解做為中共「以黨領軍」的根本制度─「黨委制度」在共軍中的運作與影響，期在以往學界少部份已研究之相關議題與成果基礎上，提供相關理論的驗證與補強。 為便於形成研究重點，在時間選擇上，主要從江澤民一九八九年九月接掌中共政權迄二○○二年止，資料取材亦以此期間為主；而為避免論述的內容流於歷史陳述與報導，本文將採用「文件分析」的方法，試圖以各種現存的史料、官書、報紙、回憶錄等資料，來檢證對一件事物的看法或真相。 本文將首先探究共軍「黨委制度」的淵源與發展過程，以及「黨委制度」的組織結構、運作方式和功能；其次，從探討影響江澤民時期共軍「黨委制度」的因素，論述江澤民對共軍「黨委制度」的繼承與發揚；最後，依據研究的成果，分析「黨委制度」所面臨的難題，並評估對共軍未來發展的影響。 經過本文的研究發現，共軍的黨委領導制度，反映了共軍最本質的政治特徵，規定了共軍內部根本性的領導關係和黨在軍隊中的領導方式，在中共黨領導軍隊的一系列制度中起支配和決定作用。這種組織結構層面的領導體制，在中共建立政權前已基本完成制度化。建立政權後，不論是毛、鄧或江澤民當權，為了保證黨對軍隊的絕對領導，他們一再要求共軍充分發揮黨委的核心領導作用，並進一步健全和完善了這個制度。然而，隨著中共改革開放的深化與軍事現代化的推動，共軍未來的發展如果仍然堅持黨委的領導制度，將面臨嚴峻的考驗。 / Scholars have made great achievements with regard to the relationship between the party and the military of People’s Republic of China (P.R.C.). However, a thorough case study on the practice of ‘the party leading the military’ in P.R.C. has not been brought up. Based on the need for case studies and my personal interests in the development of P.R.C., We would like to display how the Party Committee System-the root of ‘the party leading the military’ works in P.R.C. and to verify and enhance the related theories on the basis of the related issues and researches by a minority of scholars. This report focuses on the period between September 1989, when Mr. Chiang Tsu-min began to lead P.R.C., and the end of 2002. Document Analysis is used to utilize existing historical records, official publications, newspapers, and memoirs for surveying the views or truth of a specific issue in order to avoid mere statement of the history. The report first begins with analyzing the origin and development of the Party Committee System, and the organization structure, operation, and functions of the system. Secondly, factors influencing the system during the period of Chiang will be discussed to expound Chiang’s succession to and enhancement of the system. In the end, difficulties confronted with the system and their effects on future development of P.R.C. military are evaluated according to the conclusions of the study. The research concludes that the Party Committee System reflects the essentials of political characters of P.R.C. military. It formulates the basic leadership and the style of leadership of the party in the military. In other words, this system dominates and decides the system of ‘the party leading the military’. The leading system with this organizational structure had basically been systemized before P.R.C. government that was established. After that, Mao, Dun, and Chiang, when in control, all required the Party Committee System fully function in leading the P.R.C. military in order to ensure the party’s absolute leadership over the military and to facilitate and perfect this system. Nevertheless, the P.R.C. military will need to be face stern challenge if it sticks to the leading system regardless of the deepening of reforms and military modernization in P.R.C.

台海兩岸的文武關係發展，呈現了不同的發展方式，主要原因在於兩岸的政治體制即意識型態上便是兩種完全不同的模式。台灣地區是一個從軍事統治地去邁向一個民主化的社會；然而中共自建國以來一直都是遵奉馬列主義，實行社會主義國家，在文武關係的發展上自然不可能與台灣相同。軍隊國家化、文人統制及行政中立是台灣文武關係發展的重要原則，然而對於中共方面來說，以黨領軍是其文武關係發展及政治發展的核心原則，自始至終未曾改變。 本文將要藉由兩岸因為政治體制、意識型態上的差異來探討文武關係產生的若干差異，並藉此分析文武關係發展對於兩岸關係、未來和平發展將會產生何種影響。文中將藉由兩岸間文武關係互動，來探討對於兩岸和平所產生的影響，文中將利用文武關係發展、反分裂國家法及世界和平指數（GPI）來探討兩岸和平發展的展望。當中所引用來分析兩岸和平的指標最主要的影響都在於兩岸的文武關係，因此本文不僅將對兩岸文武關係發展的模式做一個比較分析，同時將藉文武關係來展望台海兩岸的和平發展。 關鍵字：文武關係，以黨領軍，軍隊國家化，文人統制，民主化

中共戰略思維的形成，主要依據國際情勢、戰略環境、戰爭、科技等客觀情勢變化，以及當時國家領導人對客觀環境的主觀認知，其中包括戰略文化、個人特質、求學背景等因素。檢視中共不同時期的國防軍事戰略考量，自毛澤東「早打、大打、打核子戰」、鄧小平「打贏一場局部戰爭」、江澤民「打贏高技術條件下的局部戰爭」、胡錦濤「信息條件下的局部戰爭」，至習近平的「召之即來、來之能戰、戰之必勝」，展現中共軍事戰略戰法轉變。本文將從比較習近平與毛澤東、鄧小平、江澤民、胡錦濤軍事戰略發展，並納入當前國際環境影響因素，針對習近平「強軍夢」的重要組成進行分析，進而歸納出當前中共國家領導人的軍事戰略思維，作為未來推測其面臨重大轉折與挑戰之決策走向依據。 / The formation of the CCP strategic thinking, mainly based on the international situation, the strategic environment, war, science and technology and other objective circumstances change, and then national leaders subjective perception of the objective environment, including strategic culture, personal qualities, education background and other factors. View defense and military strategic considerations Communist different periods, since Mao Zedong's “early fight, big fight, fight a nuclear war,” Deng Xiaoping “win a local war,” Jiang Zemin “to win local wars under high-tech conditions,” Hu ”to win local wars under information conditions“, Xi Jinping “be ready to fight, win the war“, all these shows Chinese military strategy tactics change. This paper will compare Xi Jinping and Mao Zedong, Deng Xiaoping, Jiang Zemin and Hu Jintao, military strategy development, and including international factors such as the current environment to further analysis of Xi Jinping’s “Strong Army Dream.” Then, summarize the current military strategic thinking “Strong Army Stream” of the Communist state leader as reference for further prediction of China military development.