高科技產業的發展為各國經濟發展的重要指標，因此本研究盼藉由進一步探討高科技產業發展過程中，主要影響創新與競爭力的重要因素，並加以分析兩岸在提升高科技產業創新競爭力的政策規劃，對於高科技產業創新發展的影響與作用。 / Innovation in high-technology industry has been affecting the general competiveness of a nation presently and innovation happens every day. The major influential factor to innovate or creation majorly regarding to environment, policy, profits circumstances. In this study, result has show that high-technology industries had made simultaneous contribution and played a critical role to effect the growth and advanced development of a nation, with another critical factor collaborated to create the successfulness of high-technology industry transformation by determine correct policies from state government. Taiwan government has been putting efforts in incentive policies to promote the developments of high-technology industry to effectively enhance the technology level. The study finds out that the major influential factors that will affect the general competiveness are majorly from government incentives policies and sufficient funding in disciplinary of R&D personnel, also creating a competitive environment is another important measure to enhance the innovation capability of high-technology industry. The disparity between Taiwan and Mainland China is majorly in population, government policies, government funding and investments these factors that influence the competiveness of innovation in high-technology industry between Taiwan and Mainland China. This analytical study shows in details with supportive statistic to indicate the developments of Taiwan and Mainland China during the past 10 years in innovation of high-technology industry.

創新技術採用是一策略性議題，涉及企業與環境之間的介面管理和企業內部組織面與策略面的調整及規劃，因此企業在評估創新技術採用上應以系統觀點加以考量。在過去關於創新採用之文獻中較少針對通訊方面的技術加以探討，較多是針對企業採用自動化系統、管理資訊系統等議題，本研究選擇通訊技術中無線終端接取網際網路之技術應用WAP為題，探討國內包括行動電話系統業者及WAP領域的相關業者，在採用該項創新技術上的關鍵評估因素，藉以瞭解該項技術採用對業者之策略意涵。 本研究以定性分析之方法，採取個案訪談之方式，個案對象包括三家行動電話系統業者、銀行與兩家開發WAP應用機制之業者。根據文獻及個案訪談結果，提出四項影響創新技術採用決策之構面因素，分別是企業內部因素，包括組織面及策略面、產業環境、市場因素和技術特性；此外，本研究並提出一項情境因素，即政府法規。研究結果顯示，在電信這類高科技產業中，技術往往具有導引產業發展之地位，在此情況下，創新技術採用決策被少數幾項關鍵因素所支配。新技術資訊多掌握在技術供應商，因此技術供應商的推動是創新採用的主要原因之一。其次新技術對競爭態勢之衝擊，使得業者必須在策略上有所規劃以預做因應，因此競爭策略亦影響創新採用之取向。另外，由於行動通訊服務屬於一種系統性產品，也就是必須聯合所有組件方能產生效用，技術與系統相容性的問題亦是影響採用決策之關鍵因素。相容性會進一步促進服務的普及，使得市場成長，並帶動所謂網路效應的產生。 本研究根據個案訪談結果，提出創新技術採用決策架構。此架構中，企業內部因素以組織面之組織結構化程度與企業營業規模，以及策略面之競爭策略、競爭態勢與高階主管的技術認知程度最具關鍵性。產業環境方面，競爭程度及與供應商之互動對決策之評估具有關鍵性。市場因素以網路規模及產品範圍，技術特性則以相容性及複雜性具關鍵性。根據本研究之發現與結論，建議相關業者應儘量以內容形成差異化，以提高顧客之轉換成本進而創造鎖住效果，並且將創新技術採用由功能性思考提升至策略性思考，另外，由於技術快速變化，企業在採用評估上應採取預應式的評估方式，尤其在電信產業，掌握新技術資訊，並且預先在策略上與組織上加以規劃調整，更是企業續存的必要條件。在學術貢獻上，本研究突顯出對於穩定之技術及演進中之技術，在採用決策上評估重點之差異，並且建構了關於演進中之技術如通訊技術的採用決策架構，此架構強調關鍵因素之影響，同時也呈現關鍵因素之動態性。 / This study examines the adoption of innovative technology, such as WAP (Wireless Application Protocol), which allows users of mobile phones to access Internet. The purpose of this study is to identify the determinants contributing to the adoption of innovative technology. Unlike previous studies that focused on mature technology: for instance, information systems, manufacturing automation systems, or CAD/CAM, this study highlights fast changing technology-telecommunication. Based on the technological innovation literatures, this study proposes a model with four dimensions, such as corporate inner factors including organization and strategy, industrial environment, market factors, and characteristics of technology. Case studies were conducted in 3 operators, I bank, and 2 WAP solution providers. The results of this study show that organizational factors (organization structure and size), strategic factors (competitive strategy, competitive posture, and level of technological knowledge of CEO), industrial environment (competitive magnitude and vendors' initiative), market factors (the scale of networks and product scopes), and characteristics of technology (compatibility and complexity) are the most important determinants in the decision of adopting new technology. Besi es that, the study also finds a new contextual variable, government policy, which will influence the decision of adopting new technology in a corporate. This research provides a decision model of WAP adoption in which company will use it as a platform to provide value-added service like providing customized information, mobile banking services, or online brokerage services. Since the Internet and the mobile telephony have both been growing so fast, many companies need to develop some applications to create their competitive advantage with new technology. This model will assist managers to evaluate if they really need to adopt innovative technology and how it will enhance performance of the company.

隨著競爭環境日漸嚴苛，顧客需求日趨多元，企業需要有更有效率的方式來管理與顧客間的關係，顧客關係管理CRM（Customer Relationship Management, CRM）成為企業關心的熱門議題。但過去的學者研究中，僅止於針對影響企業導入＆系統與否之決策進行研究，然而CRM對於企業經營顧客關係之重要性已被企業所認同，同時面對如此牽涉到龐大人力、資金，與時間投入的系統導入計畫，在導入過程中仍會面臨許多重要決策，因此本研究將針對響導入過程的相關因 數，並經由個案研討的實際驗證，提出具解釋力的理論架構。 經由過去文獻的整理，本研究以Rogers（1983）的創新擴散模型為基礎，將影響CRM導入過程的因素分為認知階段的環境面與組織面因素，以及說服階段認知的創新特質，另外系統供應商及顧問公司則扮演特殊的角色，同時在說服、決策及實行階段皆產生影響。其中環境面又包含競爭強度，需求不確定性及產業環境變化速度；組織面因素包含規模、結構化程度、以及高階主管態度。而認知的創新特質則包含相容性以及系統特性。另外則以資訊與資料的蒐集、累積與儲存、吸收與整理、展現與應用等為被影響的研究變數。並選取目前導入最積極的產業中之標竿企業，包含證券、人壽、行動電話系統業者、電子電腦公司，及網際網路服務提供業者等六家企業，進行深入之訪談，期能從這些正在導入的公司之經驗裡，發現可供參考與依循的準則。 經由對個案公司的深入訪談之後，本研究之研究架構有重大修正。認知階段的影響因素除了環境與組織構面仍存在外，從組織構面中抽離複雜度，並與產品特質、顧客基礎，公司依賴業務人員推廣業務及提供服務的程度共同組成新構面—業務面因素，而系統與顧問公司的選擇則成為企業採用CRM系統時重要的決策因素之一。更重要的是，本研究經由訪談對探討主題有更廣泛而完整的延伸，導入過程可以導入積極度、建置組織，以及建置方式來描述。導入積極度代表導入的速度；建置組織裡包含以專案小組的方式來推動，以及高階主管的參與程度；建置方式則包含CRM要素的建置優先順序、以及委外程度。 研究發現，環境面的因素與組織面的因素皆同時影響到CRM導入過程的積極度及建置方式裡的優先順序；而新增的業務面的因素則同時對CRM導入過程的積極度及建置方式裡的優先順序及自建或委外的選擇有較顯著影響。至於認知的創新特質中，不論是專案管理或是高階參與，其影響到的皆為CRM在建置單位上的特性。而協力單位則因為企業對於系統特性的要求有所不同，而同時成為決策結果與影響導入方式的變數。 本研究期望能藉由結合學術理論與實務應用的方案，提供給正在導入或評估規劃中的企業實用的考慮方向與實際例證，以協助企業在導入過程中自我檢測，選擇最適當的導入程序及設計組織關的配套措施，俾使導入過程順利而達到預期目標。 / To cope with the current increase in both competition and customer requirements, enterprises need more efficient methods to manage their relationships with customers. Previous researches focused mainly on the factors affecting the decision whether or not to adopt the CRM system. As the importance of CRM pertaining to management of relationships with customers has been recognized, meanwhile, with regard to implementation of the extensive software which involves investment of massive human resources, capital, and time, many critical decisions still need to be concerned. This research aims at extracting relevant factors affecting the adoption process and proposes a convincing framework verified by an empirical case study. The research in this study is based on the Innovation Diffusion Model of Rogers (1983) and divides factors affecting the CRM adoption process into knowledge and persuasion stages with environmental and organizational factors in the knowledge stage, and perceived characteristics of innovation in the persuasion stage, while system suppliers and consulting firms as joint associates. Environmental factors include competition intensity, demand uncertainty, and industry changing speed. Organizational factors consist of size, structure, and managerial attitude. Perceived characteristics of innovation are composed of compatibility and system characteristics. Data collection, data storage, data mining, and data visualization work as independent variables. Six companies in securities, life insurance, cellular telephone system, electronics and computers, and the Internet service provider industry were selected as study cases. However, the research frame was revised after investigation. In the knowledge stage, complexity is extracted and integrated with product attribute, customer base, and corporation dependence on sales representative to form one integrated factor called business. Moreover, the independent variables are amended to be more extensive, including adoption activeness, constructing section, and constructing manner. The research shows that environmental and organizational factors affect adoption activeness and priority; and that the business factor influences adoption activeness, adoption priority, as well as outsourcing decisions. Project management and managerial participation representing a CRM constructing section are affected by perceived characteristics of the innovation. Through the integration of theory and empirical data , this research hopes to provide direction for examining the CRM adoption process and organization design, so as to facilitate the fulfilling of the adoption objective.