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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

台灣IC產業專利發明人的合作網絡機制 / Innovation Mechanisms of the Patent-Based Inventor Networks in Taiwan IC Industry

官逸人, Guan, Yi Ren Unknown Date (has links)
IC(積體電路)產業是台灣過去三十多年來發展最完整、且在世界上最具有競爭力的創新型產業。研發與技術專利成長快速,也代表這個產業的技術創新成果。台灣IC 產業技術創新和專利的研究累積了一些成果,但較缺乏使用研發創新發明人網絡所做的分析。本研究使用IC 產業專利發明人網絡資料,從結構洞(structural holes)和地位訊號(status signal)這兩個過去西方半導體和生物科技等創新產業研究中,最能解釋創新行動者與網絡系統和創新表現理論機制的學術研究累積成果出發,並反省台灣特有IC 產業分工技術利基位置、流動型勞力市場,發展出專利發明人網絡對專利發明成果影響機制之模型。研究發現,分析結果支持發明人地位訊號、結構洞網絡理論機制有助於專利創新發明的假設。而比較特殊的例外是,上游的專利發明網絡,結構洞低的類型反而有比較好的專利創新。這是由於上游的IC設計產業技術特性,需仰賴同一團隊的人重複合作方能完成設計,所以大多與重疊的人合作,結構限制較高,因此呈現與結構洞理論不同的情況。此外,研究發現,流動並不一定帶來較佳的技術創新,台灣IC產業專利人才流動對於技術發展與創新的正面影響,較多是在上游的IC設計產業。 因此創新發明鑲嵌在台灣特有半導體的不同技術利基環境中,還必須考慮到不同產業位置的技術特性,與產業技術發展所在的階段,才能正確解釋台灣IC產業的創新發明機制。 / The IC (integrated circuit) industry has been the most complete, competitive and innovative industry in Taiwan over the past three decades. The rapid growth of patents in this field demonstrates the marvelous outcomes of technological innovations. A huge amount of patent-based research has been accumulated in this industry, but only a little is related to the inventor network. Structural holes and status signal are two competing perspectives in explaining the dynamic mechanisms between innovative actors and network systems of the most innovative industries, semiconductor and biotechnology, in advanced countries. We use these two theories and network data of patent-based inventors to discuss the specific niche of vertical disintegration and fluid labor market in Taiwan IC industry, and develop models on mechanisms of how inventors’ networks affect the outcome of inventors’ patents. The findings reveal that the hypothesis on the effects of status signals and structural holes in inventors’ collaboration networks on the citations of inventors’ patents was supported. However, the patent inventions of the upstream IC design firms, the collaborative invention teams seem to be small or high structural constraints. Most of the patents of these newly growing firms in IC design industry are specialized in consumption products. The structural constraints are high, but the impact of is large. Besides, inventors’ fluidity would not necessarily create more influential patents. The fluidity of patent-based inventors was positive impact to the patent inventions, more was found in the IC designs company. The IC industry has been vertically differentiated into three sectors: the IC designs, the IC foundry, the package and test. In principle, these three sectors demand different levels of technology. The maturity of technological niches will affect the impacts of the patents.
2

臺灣工會女性會員參與工會之硏究 --以交通事業工會女性會員之行政參與為例

沈德蘭, SHEN,DE-LAN Unknown Date (has links)
女性在過去社會所扮演的主要是以滿足家庭需要為先的角色。隨著工業化的結果,女性參與家庭以外的勞力市場之就業顯著的增加,女性勞在整個勞動市場已占有舉足輕重的地位,但女性勞工參與工會的比例仍然很低。即使在女性會員占大部份的工會,不論是工會干部或其他工會行政部門中的職務,都鮮有女性擔任,而工會所舉辦的各種活動,女性也較少支持或參與。基於工會之功能乃在於保障勞工的權益,為了使女性的工作權能得到應有的保障,喚起有關單位對女性勞工福利的重視,實有必要透過工會運用集體的力量來完成;然此又必先從女性能積極和支持工會做起。 本研究旨在探討目前女性勞工在工會行政部門的參與情形,并運用組織社會學中「機會–動機關聯模型」(opportunity-motivation model)分析影響女性參與工會行政部門之因素,其中機會因素包括來自女性會員本身的背景變項,如教育、年資、職位;和來自家庭的影響變項,如家人的支持程度、有否十二歲以下之子女,動機因素則包括女性之工作投入度、對工會的態度及對工會事務之興趣等變項。研究結果發現,女性受許多外在結構因素所影響,即使本身有動機願意參與工會之行政,卻沒有足夠的機會使她們參與。

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