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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

城市治理能力之建構:以台北市2003年SARS為例

陳衍宏 Unknown Date (has links)
本研究透過文獻的檢閱,將治理能力區分為政策能力、行政能力與制度能力等三大構面。欲藉由2003年台北市發生的SARS疫情的個案,探究這三個構面的能力關係。 本研究藉由紮根理論的研究策略,進行深度訪談與分析,結果發現: 一、制度能力部分 關係資源與動員能力彼此影響,換句話說,市民是否願意接納公共政策,會參照網絡中的關係資源,且彼此相互增強,進而選擇如何應對。 另外對於知識的掌握程度亦是接納公共政策的關鍵因素之一。 二、政策能力與行政能力 相對於文獻所建構的治理能力,透過本研究所建構的治理能力模型,人民(受訪者)對於政策能力與行政能力的認知似有落差。人民對於運作過程似乎漸感無奈,取而代之的是立即的感受(回應力),中期的願景(透過政策行銷)以及長期的能力養成(公民教育)。 本研究共討論、歸納了三種治理模式其一是「企業型政府模式」其二是「公共行政發展模式」第三則是「國家—社會互動模式」。 企業型政府模式實則以市場機制、管理主義為前提,因此可以被涵容在公共行政發展模式中市場治理模式中。國家—社會互動模式中說明了國家行動者存在之必要性,以及社會行動者扮演的角色。 在政策執行工具的選用上,公共行政發展模式無疑給了一個最好的方向,因此本研究以為公共行政發展模式中的三種模式是可以並存在同一個時空下的,無論國家的政治體制或意識型態為何。就層級模式而言,其治理工具便是偏向威權、獨斷的工具;市場模式就是透過競爭與誘因機制設計的工具,而網絡模式的治理工具偏向信任的建構即公民教育。以本研究的個案為例,層級模式的思惟適合用在SARS疫情的控制上;政府無須藉由市場力量,更不用期待社會行動者的利他與信任,因為這是不明的疫情,人民沒有任何的知識基礎應對;而市場模式的思惟可以用在醫療資源的使用與配置上,不使強調競爭面,而是重視流通效率;前者易產生投機(如口罩囤積)後者則仰賴政府統一指導(如資源利用與分配);網絡治理的公民教育適合於復原的社會價值重建,其效果在之後的公衛體系與人民對醫療衛生的風險意識增加。 本研究由「公民認知途徑」為始點探討治理能力的建構,就鑲嵌在網絡當中的行動者而言,其被動員的原因若從治理模式來看無非是:強迫、誘因與信任。最難的部分應該就是信任的建構,此更涉及了公民教育的政策工具介入。 基於公民途徑建構的治理能力,本研究對於政府行動者的期許在於: 1. 加強政策行銷能力:在政策方向上短期內可以促進政策效果亦可為長期治理能力建立良善基礎。 2.公民教育與公民意識的培養,不應只在發生重大的治理議題之後,例如SARS。公民教育可以長期改變公民文化與增進公民意識就網絡治理而言,社會資本等相關論述便是透過公民教育而來。國家身為一個較具一致性的行動者,對此應積極進行投資。 3. 企業型政府所謂競爭機制與管理主義真正的內涵在於:內部競爭係建立在對外展現的效率上,而非官僚本質的改變。許多文獻將官僚自利與人性自利等歸咎於管理主義盛行,有失公允,這種誘因機制的創造應建立在政策議題上而非本質改變上是未來政府可以努力的目標。
2

兩岸交流管理與突圍之研究:以臺灣二線城市花蓮赴陸外交經驗為例2011-2015 / A Study on Cross-strait Exchanges Management and Its Breakthrough: from 2011 to 2015

王春雅, Wang, Chun Ya Unknown Date (has links)
對於兩岸交流日益頻繁,本文提出一命題假設,認為「兩岸城市交流管理,臺灣政府尚未建立有效府際關係(intergovernmental relations)管理模式」。 本文透過以臺灣東部二線城市花蓮為研究對象,設定2011 至 2015 年為研究範圍,並以國際關係理論中的庶民現實主義觀點及新多邊主義及為研究途徑,佐以文獻探討、歷史資料蒐集、內容分析和個案深度訪談等方法, 以了解(1)臺灣中央政府赴陸城市外交管理模式與地方六都赴陸城市外交理念? (2)花蓮地方政府、特色產業與民間組織如何運用兩岸城市外交,達成增加「柔性實力」(soft power)與大都會競爭?(3)其特殊突圍模式?期望此研究提供考察臺灣政府如何進行管理,以達成有效適時性、突破性的府際關係決策參考,洞察臺灣城市兩岸外交發展和局限性。 本研究發現,臺灣政府針對兩岸城市外交實質上並無建構完善整合管理及分權機制,使兩岸交流中央業務單位間各自為政,地方政府參與大陸事務迫於自立,彼此的互信度不高,溝通不良是府際運作關係的主要特徵,因此地方政府時常擁有自己桌面下的議程,成為爭鬥式各自為政型地方政府(coming apart and contentious local government)。 本文總結認為,唯有建構一個有效、突破性全臺城市外交兩岸交流藍圖,才有可能解決此一弊病,以「兩岸和平交流,城市分權治理」為主、「城市柔性實力,兩岸跨域發展」為輔,除了城市官方外交居於中心位置,民間公共外交更是最穩固的基礎,因此,才可望能讓臺灣的城市外交打頭陣,讓臺灣走出國際社會。 / In cross-strait exchanges, the central government plays the dominant role, while the role of local governments still misfunctioned. This paper examines the unique breakthrough of Taiwan local government on cross-strait city exchanges and the lack management of Taiwan central government on the issue. It arises the following question: For Hualian, a resourcelss second-tier city and located in remote eastern-part of Taiwan, its local government has brought considerable economic benefits through cross-strait exchanges; while it might also demage Taiwan national security and long-term development of cross-strait exchanges. What is the cause of this contradiction? The intergovernmental contradiction between central and local government is for reason that the central government in Taiwan is reluctant to the management on cross-strait exchanges between cities. This paper found that the conservative management of cross-strait city exchanges is featured that the lack of central coordination mechanism, local initatives and the intermediary support for local NGOs. As for Haulien, located in remote area with inufficiant subsidies from the central government, the strengtheness of Haulien ccompetitiveness serves as the priority for its urgent need on reconstruction and economic regeneration,. That is to say, Hualian seeks economic benefits in the cross-strait exchanges is synonymous with the trend of enterprising city governance in the era of globalization. In other words, it also features that in the context of cross-strait relationship, Hualian is forced to participate in independently due to the lack of intergovernmental mutual trust and poor communication and leads to Hualien local different agenda under the table, being a coming contentious government. This paper concludes that the management on cross-strait city exchanges may be difficult to completely dominant by the central or the locals alone, the whole conepts also relies on share responsibility except for centralization and decentralization. This concepts of new management may initates the local government to actively expand its interests, but not braggering the role of local government on the both side. While the central government should open the channel for the locals, especially the dispute of Six-cities in Taiwan has caused great challenges for domestic city governance in order to avoid intergovernmental tension on the topic of cross-strait city exchanges. In conclusion, it is suggested that local government can effectively play a mediating role between the central government and local non-governmental organizations on both sides of political or grass roots level exchanges for the sustainable development of cross-strait city exchanges.
3

全球城市之建構--以上海市為例 / The Construction of a Global City--Shanghai as an example

鈕則謙, Niu ,Tse-Chien Unknown Date (has links)
在全球化的影響下,全球各地人才、物質、資金、資訊呈現高度流通的狀況,全球許多著名城市,便成為此一流動的匯聚之處,並具有影響全球資源流通的能力,亦即所謂的「全球城市」。其為「全球城市」,除了本身的發展規模外,更強調其在全球化時代,具有與其他城市的高度關連性,同時,亦具有影響全球政治、經濟的能力。 在此前提下,改革開放後,積極融入全球經濟體系的中國大陸,也著重於城市的發展建設,特別是經濟發展著有成效的上海市,更成為中國積極建構「全球城市」的標的,這樣的雄心企圖,具體體現在前上海市長陳良宇的眾多談話中。 有鑑於此,本論文即對於上海市積極建構「全球城市」的目標、過程、結果進行分析探討。全論文共分七章,除緒論外,分別探討「全球城市」的理論系譜與其在中國大陸的運用,其次,討論上海市在人口與空間佈局方面的政策與結果,再接著討論中央為了建構上海市,所提出的四大中心---經濟、金融、貿易、航運,其建設過程以及面臨的困境。於此之後,開始分析上海市與其他城市的關連性,分別就上海與長三角的其他十五個城市的關係、上海吸引跨國公司的博奕關係進行探討,並採取內容分析法,藉由上海文匯報、經濟學人、新聞週刊等傳播媒體,檢視上海與其他國內外重要城市的關連性。再者,則將重點分析討論,上海市在城市建構背後的主要動力,即「上海市政府」,其為了進行城市建設並積極融入全球化,所進行的「城市治理」。最後則是提出結論與討論。 藉由上述的分析,本研究指出,儘管上海市政府在建構「全球城市」的過程時,具有「政府主導型的互動建構」模式,積極規劃上海市的建設發展,但是由於中央政府的影響、與周邊城市的關係,使得上海在發展上,仍未能稱為「全球城市」,僅能達到「全球化城市」的階段。另外,也必須反思,上海市的發展也許未必適合套用西方的發展模式,而是具有其獨特的發展軌跡。 / Under the effects of globalization, the flows of people, material, finance, and information transit very fast, and a few famous cities with the power of affecting the flows become the places of gathering, namely Global Cities. So call depends not only on its scale , but the power of its connection with other cities as well. Considering this, China begin to emphasize its city development after its reform and open policy, and especially focuses on Shanghai to be a global city, and such ambition can often be seen from the several speeches of its former mayor Chen Lian Ju. According this background, the dissertation tries to research the construction process of Shanghai being a global city. It includes seven chapters, besides the introduction, it traces the development of the theory of global city, and then discusses the policies of Shanghai’s people and space arrangement. Ensuing we discuss its Four Centers—economic, financial, trade and shipping, their developments and difficulties. After these, we begin to discuss its connection respectively with Yangtze River Delta cities and foreign cities by adopting content analysis method to examine Shanghai Wenhui Newspaper, Economist, and Newsweek. And then we discuss Shanghai Government including its transformation and its urban governance. Finally it’s the conclusion. By this analysis and discuss, the dissertation points out the fact that spite of its striving construction, Shanghai with the trait of “Interactive construction mode by its government leading ”, it at most can only be called a “globalizing city”, not a “global city”. At the same time , it also reflects that adopting western theory to Shanghai may not be a good way , for Shanghai can be a global city by its own way.

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