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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

電子商務對成本結構之影響-以價值鏈觀點

曾光雍 Unknown Date (has links)
網際網路供商業需求應用以來,Internet上的使用者便大幅提昇,而Internet在商業應用的蓬勃發展,使得Internet的策略價值以及與企業競爭優勢的關係,也逐漸受到重視。電子商務的興起為企業開啟一扇門,而欲在網路時代成功且存活長遠的企業,仍應具備成本觀。電子商務之興起與盛行所帶來的是交易方式及作業流程的改變,而交易方式改變相信定會對其相關成本項目造成影響;成本構造若不同,對成本之管理方式亦應會有所不同。故若能確定導入電子商務後成本結構之增減變動情形,相信對成本管理焦點之掌握是相當有助益的。 有關電子商務之研究文獻皆指出導入電子商務具有許多優點,其中一項即為降低成本,然而目前有些導入電子商務的公司其營業額雖呈倍數成長,但利潤卻未如預期增加。導入電子商務是否真能致使成本減少,亦或是某部分確實減少,但某部分卻超乎預期的增加?而減少的項目為何,增加之項目又為何?本研究之目的即為探討導入電子商務對成本結構造成何種影響,故研究問題為: (1)傳統模式與電子商務模式下之成本結構有何不同處? (2)為因應電子商務模式下之成本變動,成本管理焦點應如何轉移? 本研究之課題係在於從價值鏈觀點來探討導入電子商務對成本結構有何影響,並希冀透過一資訊服務業以個案訪談方式及實地實證方式對問題能有一滿意之解釋。經由本研究從價值鏈及成本觀點探討後,發現個案公司透過電子商務方式,確實改變了部分成本結構,但在初期,必須大量投入資本科技軟硬體、教育訓練、認證發行等成本及進行大幅度的企業流程再造活動;然而就中長期而言,不但可以強化企業營運效率,更能進一步加強本身競爭力,而各部門透過流程再造及資訊化的過程更可將多餘的資源運用在附加價值更高的活動上,茲將本研究所獲致之導入電子商務對成本結構影響的結論彙總如下: (1)導入電子商務後人事成本增加 (2)行銷模式改變導致行銷成本減少 (3)導入電子商務使資本科技成本大幅增加 (4)透過金流將使財務成本降低 (5)價值鏈中之主要活動的成本降低,而支援活動的成本增加 (6)人事成本所佔比例增加,行銷支出所佔比例減少 (7)導入電子商務必須配合企業流程再造
2

非財務性衡量指標與徵授信分工對員工績效之影響-實地實證研究 / Impact of Nonfinancial Performance Measures and Job Design on Employee Performance -- A Field Empirical Investigation

楊朝旭, Yang, Chaur-Shiuh Unknown Date (has links)
本文以實地實證研究方法,探討「非財務性績效衡量指標」與「工作設計」此二項誘因工具對員工績效的影響。實地研究對象為一家商業銀行,研究期間為1993-1997;該行於1995年7月開始採用非財務性績效衡量指標,並自1996年1月選擇五家分行實施徵、授信分工。 本文首先利用個案銀行17位授信員連續60個月所構成的縱查資料(panel data),以固定影響模型(fixed-effects model)分析非財務性績效衡量指標誘因工具對員工績效的影響,發現銀行授信人員之績效考核制度中,加入授信不良率與脫落率非財務性衡量指標後,雖然授信員努力的重分配導致其授信金額與利息收入財務績效變差,但授信員的授信不良率與脫落率非財務績效變佳,整體而言,授信利潤有顯著的改善。 本文另以實施徵、授信分工前後,51名授信員的績效資料,採中斷的時間序列設計(interrupted time-series design),檢定非財務性績效衡量指標與工作設計配合採用後,員工的績效是否較佳。分析結果顯示,存在非財務績效衡量指標之獎酬制度下,配合實施徵、授信分工的授信員,其授信金額及授信不良率績效顯著較徵、授信合一之授信員為佳。 / This thesis reports the results of a longitudinal field study examining the impact of nonfinancial performance measures and job design on employee performance. A commercial bank was the research site. The bank adopted nonfinancial performance measures in July 1995 and redesigned jobs in retail banking credit underwriting at five branches in January 1996. Prior to the job redesign, sales representatives were jointly responsible for all credit underwriting functions including credit extension and credit servicing. After the change, sales representatives were only responsible for credit extension while credit servicing was handled by credit decidion-makers. Panel data for 17 sales representatives over 60 months (1993 through 1997) were obtained to assess the effects of adopting nonfinancial measures on employee performance. Using fixed-effects regression analysis, the results are consistent with the predictions of agency theory: although loan volume and interest revenue decreased following adoption of nonfinancial measures to evaluate and compensate the performance of sales representatives, loan profit increased significantly. This thesis also hypothesizes that employee performance increases with the fit between incentive systems based on nonfinancial measures and job design. The empirical tests of this prediction rely on an interrupted time-series design, using performance data of 51 sales representatives in the 1995-1997 period. After the change in job design-separation of the credit underwriting jobs-alogn with introduction of incentive systems based on nonfinancial measures, the treatment group demonstrated greater improvements in productivity and quality performance. This result supports the hypothesis developed.

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