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11	金融集團資本適足性及監理制度之研究 / Study on Capital Adequacy and Regulation of Financial Conglomerates 邱虹元, Chiu, Hung-Yuan Unknown Date (has links) 在當前競爭態勢下，台灣金融市場的發展，勢必朝向跨業經營的方向前進。我國亦於民國九十年六月二十七日通過金融控股公司法，賦予台灣金融業跨業經營的法源，為國內金融業創造成為金融集團的契機，以達成金融跨業經營現代化、國際化的目標。雖然金融機構業務營運多樣化，但金融機構承擔風險亦隨之增加，金融監理機制在面臨這樣的挑戰下勢必得做一番調整，才能持續扮演健全及穩定國內金融體系的重要角色。我國主管機關對於金融控股公司要求以合併基礎計算資本適足比率，並訂定了「金融控股公司合併資本適足性管理辦法」，以期能發揮適度的監理功能。然該辦法中僅以簡單的加減乘除運算求得之資本適足率，是否為反映集團資本需求的良好指標實不無疑問。因此，本文除了研究國際監理官組織所發布的相關報告外，並藉由介紹和討論歐盟指令對金融集團的補充監理原則和措施，如：資本適足性、集團內部交易、風險集中等問題，以及美國對於金融控股公司之相關監理規範，加以比較研究後，來探討我國現行規範是否妥當，並提出相關監理制度改善之建議，以期能作為我國建構健全金融市場之參考。 / Under current competitive circumstances, the development of Taiwan’s financial market will be bound to move forward in the direction of cross-sector business. In Taiwan, Legislative Yuan also has passed the “Financial Holding Company Act” in June 2001. With the passage of the act, it not only gives Taiwan’s financial institutions authority to operate cross-sector activities, but also creates a trigger for financial institutions to become financial conglomerates in order to meet the objectives of financial modernization and globalization. Although financial institutions may diversify their business, additional risks may arise. Financial regulatory mechanisms have to adjust their function to ensure the safety and soundness of financial system. Our competent authorities demand financial holding companies calculating their capital adequacy ratio on a consolidated basis, and enact “Regulations Governing the Consolidated Capital Adequacy of A Financial Holding Company.” However, in this regulation, the ratio was calculated in simple aggregated method, and it is doubtful that such ratio is a good index to reflect consolidated capital requirement. Therefore, this thesis not only studies on related publications issued by international supervision organizations, but also introduces EU Financial Conglomerate Directive with regard to some supervisory issues (e.g. capital adequacy, intra-group transactions and risk concentrations etc.) and U.S. framework for financial holding company supervision. After investigating and comparing different models, this study tries to find whether current regulation is appropriate or not, and make some suggestions concerning the supervisory system in order to construct a sound financial market as a reference in our country. 金融集團資本適足性金融監理歐盟金融集團指令 Financial Conglomerate Capital Adequacy Financial Regulation EU Financial Conglomerate Directive
12	時尚設計之著作權保護-以服裝設計為中心游皓婷, Yu, Haw Tyng Unknown Date (has links) 時尚設計師出面控訴快時尚品牌抄襲的新聞層出不窮，不乏設計師出面指稱現行法規對其保護不足，而時尚設計、服裝設計領域近期不斷以新穎之技術、手法融入設計當中，呈現出更多以往不可能呈現的造型，使得服裝設計越來越像藝術品，並不單單只是為了使人穿著，進而引發是否有必要將服裝設計與傳統藝術作品區別保護之爭辯。根據美國國會2016年的報告顯示，全球時尚產業每年產值約1.75兆美金，過去曾有紡織王國美稱的台灣，也開始從過去的委託製造（OEM）致力轉型於委託設計製造（ODM），至今努力發展自有品牌（OBM），如何成功打入國際為本土品牌未來應努力之方向。歐盟地區有歐盟共同體設計規定，予以服裝設計周全之設計權保護；美國則長期受制於實用性物品原則之可分離性判斷，而長期無法提供服裝設計之著作權保護；我國雖未明文不予服裝設計著作權保護，但也長期處於不明確之狀態。對設計師而言，不明確之保護即為一不確定風險，將阻礙具創意的新設計之出現，此為台灣推行文化創意產業、將本土品牌推向國際、培育新一代設計師所需解決之問題。本研究主要分為五章，除第一章為緒論外，第二章為時尚設計產業與國際保護現況之概述，第三章主要論述美國著作權法基本結構且以服裝設計為重心，並就前述基礎由實務案例加以歸納評析美國實務對於服裝設計著作權保護之態度，第四章主要論述我國著作權法基本結構且以服裝設計為重心，並就前述基礎藉由實務案例加以歸納評析我國實務對於服裝設計著作權保護之態度，第五章提出本研究之結論與建議。經研究發現著作權法並非全然對於服裝設計不予以保護，僅係因立法政策與解釋論上之不穩定見解，導致保護的不確定性，希望透過此篇論文能夠提供我國主管機關解釋上之建議。 / Nowadays, copycat, knock-off accusements appear frequently within fashion design industry. Some of the scholars, industrial representors comment that fashion design is not copyrightable and shall not be protected. However, it is indisputable that fashion is an innovative and orginal form of art. Furthermore, fahion design consists of artisic expression and other unique features. Thus fashion designers and other kind of artists shall not be treated unfairly. This study focuses on copyright protection both in Taiwan and United States. And discuss to what extent shall we protect garment design and how we can seafeguard talented fashion desingers’s creative works. The study is divided into five parts. The first part is the introduction part. The second part is talking about the featues of fashion design industry and international rules which are related to fashion design. The third part focuses on copright law, domestic theoretical legal analysis and cases on garment design infringement lawsuits in the United States. The fourth part focuses on copright law, domestic theoretical legal analysis and cases on garment design infringement lawsuits in Taiwan. In the end, this study provides several suggestions for the Taiwanese adminstrtion agencies and juditial authorities. 時尚產業時尚設計服裝設計著作權法設計專利網紅 DPPA IDPPPA IDPA 仿製原創性實質近似 TRIPS協定伯恩公約歐盟共同體設計指令歐盟共同體設計規則可分離性判斷美術工藝品應用美術著作 Fashion industry Fashion design Garment design Copyright Design patent Internet celebrity DPPA IDPPPA IDPA Knock-off Originality Substantial similarity TRIPS agreement Berne Convention Separability Artistic handicraft Applied art

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金融集團資本適足性及監理制度之研究 / Study on Capital Adequacy and Regulation of Financial Conglomerates

時尚設計之著作權保護-以服裝設計為中心