本研究旨在探討教育行政機關組織文化、知識管理與組織學習之現況及其關係，並據以提出結論與建議，期能提供教育行政機關營造優質組織文化、推展知識管理以強化組織學習的參考。本研究採取文獻分析、問卷調查與訪談法進行研究，首先，蒐集相關文獻，探討教育行政機關組織文化、知識管理與組織學習之意義、層面與測量的相關理論；利用問卷調查教育行政機關在組織文化、知識管理與組織學習的現況資料，將實徵資料進行統計分析，針對研究目的設計延伸性的訪談提綱進行訪談，最後綜合研究發現做成結論，並提出具體建議。 本研究之問卷對象為教育行政人員，抽樣調查教育部、直轄市教育局、縣市政府教育局人員1100位，取得有效樣本795份，調查結果以平均數、標準差、t考驗、單因子變異數分析、階層迴歸分析等統計方法，進行資料處理分析，獲致下列結論： 一、教育行政機關組織文化、知識管理與組織學習屬「中上」程度的表現。 二、教育行政機關「組織文化」因人口環境變項不同而有差異。 三、教育行政機關「知識管理」因人口環境變項不同而有差異。 四、教育行政機關「組織學習」因人口環境變項不同而有差異。 五、教育行政機關「組織文化」能有效預測「組織學習」。 六、「知識管理」在教育行政機關「組織文化」對「組織學習」預測上具有明顯的調節效果，其中以「知識的創新」具有主要的調節效果。 七、營造教育行政機關組織文化的策略 （一）建立組織文化共識的發展目標 （二）組織領導者展現關懷開明作風 （三）改善環境設備塑造良好的形象 （四）建立良善的規章制度行為規範 （五）建構成員間深度對話溝通管道 （六）設置有效的獎勵措施激發創新 八、推展教育行政機關知識管理的策略 （一）組織領導人員的積極支持參與 （二）分析教育行政機關的知識地圖 （三）系統化收集以期強化知識內涵 （四）建置知識資料庫落實管理系統 （五）推動網路教育擴大分享與轉化 （六）知識成果導向促進知識的創新 九、強化教育行政機關組織學習的策略 （一）發展組織學習的核心價值 （二）面對問題應系統整合歧異 （三）以未來需求規劃組織學習 （四）改變既有習慣與消極心態 （五）組織學習管道方式應多元 （六）鼓勵創新並落實績效考核 依據結論，提出以下建議，供作台灣教育行政機關營造優質組織文化、推展知識管理和強化組織學習的參考。 一、訂定核心價值並深化知識管理 二、營造信任的環境及分享的文化 三、建構行政機關的虛擬知識社群 四、加強系統整合訓練以提升績效 五、建立完整電子化智慧工作流程 六、學習最佳實務及建立標竿學習 七、重視顧客意見與未來性的規劃 八、強化機關研發創新的獎勵機制 / The purpose of this study is to realize the relation of organizational culture, knowledge management, and organizational learning in educational administrative Organization. According to some conclusions and suggestions from this study , I hope supply these to educational administrative organization to shape fine organizational culture, develop knowledge management and practice organizational learning. The research methods this study adopts are literature analysis, questionnaire survey and interview. First, collect relational literatures to examine the meaning,, levels and measures of organizational culture, knowledge management, and organizational learning in educational administrative organization. Then, via questionnaire survey to acquire current datum of organizational culture, knowledge management, and organizational learning in educational administrative organization, and by statistics to analyze these empirical datum. Besides, connected with research objectives to conduct interview by extended interview outlines. Finally, make some conclusions by synthesized research discoveries and supply concrete suggestions. The sample consisted of 1100 educational administrative organization staffs from Ministry of Education, Education Bureau of Taipei and Kaohsiung City and other cities and counties . 795 data are valid. The questionnaire data were analyzed by mean, standard deviation , t-test , one way analysis of variance（ANOVA）, and hierarchical regression. The results of this study are as follows： 1. The performances of organizational culture, knowledge management, and organizational learning in educational administrative organization are above average. 2. There are significant differences in organizational culture of educational administrative for different population and environment variables. 3. There are significant differences in knowledge management of educational administrative for different population and environment variables. 4. There are significant differences in organizational learning of educational administrative for different population and environment variables. 5. Organizational culture can effectively predict organizational learning. 6. Knowledge management is significant moderate variable for organizational culture and organizational learning in educational administrative organization, and knowledge creativity has mainly moderate effect. 7. The strategy to shape organizational culture in educational administrative organization. （1）Build shared develop objectives of organizational culture. （2）Organization leaders should behave concern and open. （3）Build communication approach of staffs’ deep dialogue. （4）Improve environmental facilities to shape fine image. （5）Build well regulations and behavior norms. （6）Build effective awarding measure to facilitate creativity. 8. The strategy to promote knowledge management in educational administrative organization. （1）Organization leaders support participation positively. （2）Analyze knowledge map of educational administrative organization. （3）Collect systematically to strengthen the interior of knowledge. （4）Build knowledge database to implement management system. （5）Promote Internet education to expand share and transfer. （6）Knowledge achievement-orientation facilitates creative knowledge. 9. Strengthen the strategy of organizational learning. （1）Develop core value of organizational learning. （2）Integrate divergent opinions systematically to face problems. （3）Arrange organizational learning according to future demands. （4）Change existent habits and negative attitudes. （5）The approaches of organizational learning should be multiple. （6）Encourage to create and practice accountability evaluation. Based on the conclusion, hopefully the suggestions below could be a reference for the Institution of educational administration in Taiwan to build the high-quality organizational culture, to promote the knowledge management and to strengthen organization learning. 1. Determine the core value and deepen the knowledge management. 2. Build trustful environment and sharing culture. 3. Construct virtual knowledge community for administration Institution. 4. Develop trainings for system integration to lift performance. 5. Establish a whole electronic intelligent e-workflow. 6. Learn best practices and build benchmarking. 7. Value the customers’ opinion and future planning. 8. Strengthen reward system for institutional research and development. Keywords：Institution of Educational Administration； Organizational Culture；Knowledge Management； Organization Learning

本研究旨在探討教育行政機關之主管家長式領導、行政人員情緒勞動及職業倦怠之關係，以瞭解目前我國教育行政機關主管領導型態，並進一步分析行政人員知覺家長式領導與其情緒勞動及職業倦怠之關係。研究方法以文獻分析及問卷調查法為主，係以臺北縣市教育局之行政人員為對象，隨機抽樣400位行政人員，回收有效樣本260人，回收率達65%。問卷調查結果採用描述性統計、單因子變異數分析以及多元迴歸分析法進行分析，獲得研究結論如下： 一、教育行政機關行政人員在知覺主管家長式領導中，「德行領導」之程度最高。 二、教育行政機關行政人員在情緒勞動中，以「深層偽裝」較高。 三、教育行政機關行政人員在職業倦怠中，以「情緒耗竭」最高。 四、不同背景變項之教育行政機關行政人員在知覺主管家長式領導、情緒勞動及職業倦怠等變項上或分向度上有顯著差異。 五、教育行政機關行政人員知覺主管不同之家長式領導類型程度分別與其情緒勞 動有顯著差異。 六、教育行政機關行政人員知覺主管不同之家長式領導類型程度分別與其職業倦 怠有顯著差異。 七、教育行政機關行政人員情緒勞動與其職業倦怠有顯著差異。 八、教育行政機關行政人員知覺主管家長式領導中之「威權領導」及其情緒勞動皆可有效預測其職業倦怠。 根據上述研究結論，本研究提出下列建議： 一、對教育行政機關主管之建議 （一）發揮仁慈領導，主動關懷提供支援之環境， （二）重視德行領導，以身作則俾利型塑使命感。 （三）慎用威權領導，展現理性的人治手段。 （四）建立職場情緒腳本，並納入公務人員訓練課程之中。 （五）加強甄選機制，篩選具合適人格特質之行政人員。 二、對教育行政機關行政人員之建議 （一）主動積極請主管指引政策擬辦方向，以減少情緒勞動。 （二）向資深同仁請益，以有效轉化情緒勞動。 （三）找尋適當的情緒表達管道，以降低表層偽裝的情緒勞動。 （四）瞭解公部門服務之本質，以提升專業效能。 三、對未來研究之建議 分別就研究對象、研究變項及研究方法等方面提出進一步之建議，俾使未來相關研究更臻完善。 / The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationships among paternalistic leadership of supervisors, emotional labor and job burnout of administrators, to realize the status in Taiwan. The research method this study adopted were literature analysis and survey research which data were collected from random sample of 400 administrators of Department of Education Administration Authority in Taipei City and County. The valid samples were 260, and usable responses rates were 65%. The collected data were analyzed by using the statistical methods of descriptive statistics, one-way ANOVA, and multiple regression analysis. And the findings of this study are as follows: 1. Among the perception from the administrators of supervisors’ paternalistic leadership, “moral leadership” is the highest. 2. As to the emotional labor of administrators, “deep acting” is higher. 3. As to the job burnout of administrators, “emotional exhaustion” is the highest. 4. The administrators with different background variables have significant differences in perceptions of supervisors’ paternalistic leadership, their emotional labor and job burnout. 5. The administrators with different level of perceptions of supervisors’ have significant differences in emotional labor. 6. The administrators with different level of perceptions of supervisors’ have significant differences in job burnout. 7. The administrators with different level of emotional labor have significant differences in job burnout. 8. The levels of administrators’ perceptions of supervisors’ “authority leadership” and administrators’ emotional labor can effectively predict the job burnout of administrators. Based on the above findings, this study makes the following recommendations: 1. For supervisors of education administration authority (1) Play a benevolent leadership to provide the supported environment. (2) Emphasis on moral leadership to make a sample for shaping the missions. (3) Use authoritarian leadership carefully to show a rational person. (4) Establish the workplace emotional scripts, and add them in the public service training curriculum. (5) Strengthen the selection mechanisms to select the administrators with appropriate personality traits. 2. For administrators of education administration authority (1) Proactively get the guidelines of proposed direction from the supervisors in order to reduce the emotional labor. (2) Ask senior colleagues to effectively transform the emotional labor. (3) Find the appropriate ways to express emotions in order to reduce the “surface acting” emotional labor. (4) Realize the nature of public sector services in order to promote the professional performance. 3. For future studies: This study provide suggestions on research subjects, variables and methods for future studies as well.