我國濕地經營管理現況在政策面、法制面及執行面上，無法建立濕地經營管理無縫的網，在我國濕地經營管理之相關計畫中，相當注重不同利害關係人之參與，又「濕地」係涉及生物習性及牽動人為活動之動態過程，因此，濕地經營管理之協力夥伴關係為何及其良窳相當重要。此外，近年來，人民環保意識抬頭，對於濕地議題之重視性及積極度水漲船高，進而促使政府與地方相關利害團體尋求協力並建立協力夥伴關係，而政府對於有關濕地經營管理之協力夥伴關係所為之影響相關文獻檢閱甚少，故有其探究價值。 本文欲探討「高美濕地」之經營管理，高美濕地於2004年已確立其「台中縣高美野生動物重要棲息環境」及「台中縣高美野生動物保護區」之法定地位，然而，在徒法不足以自行下，高美濕地之經營管理狀況層出不窮，因此，政府與地方相關利害團體，不僅在態度及行為上皆日漸積極，並且形成協力夥伴關係。職是之故，本研究透過蒐集相關文獻、文件及訪談資料，從協力夥伴關係之觀點釐清高美濕地經營管理中，多重利害關係人之協力夥伴關係及檢視是否達成維繫良好協力夥伴關係之條件，並且探究政府對於協力夥伴關係所為之影響。 研究結果發現，高美濕地經營管理之協力夥伴關係有其特殊性，一方面，協力夥伴關係存在中介團體及專家學者之參與呈現外圍性，另一方面，協力夥伴關係之組成上，參與廣度問題致使地方上相關非營利組織在協力關係中產生疏離；再者，維繫高美濕地經營管理協力夥伴關係良好運作條件之檢視，發現高美濕地經營管理之良好運作基本條件存在文獻未提及之「代表性」，其次，良好運作之外在條件並非全部適用於高美濕地經營管理之協力夥伴關係中，此外，良好運作條件之基本前提、外在條件及內在條件三者在高美濕地之運用上產生連動性；最後，政府對於高美濕地經營管理協力夥伴關係之影響上，第一線政府行動者占有相當重要之地位，而且，政府之角色上，政府行動者之影響力遠遠大於政府制度。 / On policy-making、law-making and reinforcement, our wetlands have faced many difficulties in wetland management. The participants of stakeholder emphasis on biology and human-behavior involvement are related to wetland management policies. Therefore, the partnership of wetland is extremely important. Besides, the environmental issues have taken a serious place within people in recent years, which have improved the firm partnership between government and local stakeholder. Since there are lacks of related reviews on researches, it still valued. This research is about management of Gaomei wetland, which has legislatively established “the Taichung county Gaomei wild animals’ essential habitat” and “the Taichung county game park”. However, insufficient of law-enforcement, the obstacles of Gaomei wetland management have became a hot potato. Therefore, the government and the local stakeholder have turned into actively on attitude and behavior, and have formed a firm partnership. Through the collected related reviews、documents, and the interview data , the research clarify the point of Gaomei wetland management on whether the multi-stakeholders’ partnership would view and maintain the well-running condition, and to investigate what would government impact on the partnership. The result indicates that the partnership has feature on Gaomei wetland: On one hand, the partnership which within intermediated group and participant of experts is less-core. On the other hand, the composition of partnership has generated the isolation between the local non-profit organizations. Furthermore, on the view of maintaining Gaomei wetland management , which to keep the well-operation condition, to discover the basic review without representative on well wetland management. And the outside well-operation conditions are not all suitable for the partnership on Gaomei wetland management; in addition, the fundamental premise 、outside and interior of well-operation have generated the relation on Gaomei wetland operation. In conclusion, the government has played the essential role on maintaining the management of wetland and the role of government has greater than institution.

雖然濕地是一種具有生態、經濟與景觀價值的富地資源，但由於這些價值通常具有「有行無市」的特質,因而在市場價格的論斤秤兩過程中，許多重要的濕地便成為市場價格運作下的犧牲品。為了改善此種有行無市的市場失靈現象，本研究利用可獲得使用價值與非使用價值的條件評價法(CVM)分析台北市與台南縣居民對不同濕地保育方案所賦予的價值，並利用有母數與無母數統計方法檢測此種方法可能產生的相關課題，特別是數量變異問題的檢測。本研究主要特色係納入「態度--行為」評價歷程、透過濕地意像分析掌握評價意涵與供給不確定性因素的考量，除此之外，並使用七種不同問卷結構的實驗設計檢測條件評價法的相關課題。 應用分析檢測結果顯示，台北市受訪者願付數額顯著高於台南縣，願付數額的理由不論是台北市或台南縣受訪者「非使用價值動機」皆顯著高於「使用價值動機」，而且發現保育範圍愈大的方案主觀供給機率愈小的現象。相關課題檢測結果顯示， 55公頃關渡濕地保育範圍的維護方案與8135公頃五大濕地保育範圍的維護方案受訪者最大願付數額(WTP)無顯著差異(數量變異問題)、單一濕地維護方案加上四大濕地維護方案之願付數額顯著高於五大濕地維題方案(加總問題)、「濕地信託基金」支付工具評價結果顯著高於「額外稅賦」(支付工具偏誤問題)。如果排除研究程序上的問題，此結果隱含條件評價法仍未能完全滿足數量變異的原則，就本研究實證分析探討，條件評價法未能滿足數量變異原則，供給不確定性是一項重要因素，因此條件評價法課題的改善，供給不確定效果的改善或許是一個可考量的方向。 由於條件評價法仍未能獲得可信的評價結果，而且此方法所獲得的評價結果僅是行為傾向而非賞際行為的結果，因而以條件評價法所獲得評價結果從事濕地政策的應用，在現階段仍不是一個十分恰當的做法。然而，此現象並不縮減條件評價法的重要性，因為現今仍未有比條件評價法更好的研究方法可獲得非使用價值，因此條件評價法的改善、其他評價研究方法或整合條件評價法與其他研究方法等研究發展，或許是評價研究可發展的方向。 / The major object of this study is to applyy the contingent valuation method(CVM),based on the willingness to pay(WTP)concept,to analyze the valuation of different wetland conservation projects among residents in Taipei city and Tainan prefecture. Furthermore,this study uses a set of seven surveys to test the issuess of CVM measurement of wetland conservation total values with parametric and nonparametric tests.In addition,this study incorporates the valuation process basedd on attitude-behavior studies,the images of the wetland and supply uncertainties to debate aboutthese issues． Empirical results indicate that Taipei respondents show significant higher valuation than their counterparts in Tainan,that nonuse value motives are greater than use value motives,and that the greater conservation projects have less subjective supply probabilities.Furthermore,this study finds that the magnitude variation principle does not exist in the CVM process while the aggregation problem and the payment vehicle bias exist.This study considers the supply uncertainty is one important cause of rejecting magnitude variation hypotheses．Future research should consider how to improve the supply uncertainty effect． Because the current CVM fails to achieve reliable results,and the CVM results are behavioral intention,which is different from actual behavior， thus it restricts the wetland policy pplication.However， this situation does not diminish the importance of wetland conservation valuation with the CVM,since no other methods can achieve the measurement of nonuse values． Therefore,how to improve the reliability and validity of CVM，how to integrate CVM and other methods or other valuation approaches may be one imnportant direction for future valuation research.

過去政府的保育政策多施行於國有地上，盡量避免限制私有土地上的經濟活動，卻也造成保護區周邊私有土地利用上，與保育目的不相容的情形，致使共享性資源（common pool resources, CPRs）走向悲劇一途。本文以宜蘭雙連埤濕地作為個案，從深度訪談瞭解該地私有地保育的困境，並從「協力治理」（collaborative governance）的角度分析，發現政府單方面的保育政策，難以達到良好的私地保育效果。本研究透過深度訪談追蹤雙連埤的保育努力過程，發現最後能夠維持雙連埤的風貌，荒野協會等民間保育團體功不可沒。保育團體不具備管理的職責，比較容易與在地居民的建立情感聯繫，能作為政府與居民之間的溝通橋樑；他們擁有豐富的生態知識，能化自然資源為物質性誘因（material incentives），結合居民生計與生態保育的行動，減輕私有地上活動對環境的壓力。透過「由下而上」的共享性資源管理模式，雙連埤的案例展現如何透過協力合產與「社基保育」（Community-Based Conservation）模式，破除「生態」與「生計」無法共存的迷思，進而達到永續發展的目的。 / Conservational policies have been known more applicable to public lands. Yet endangered species can not tell and thus have suffered from the economic activities on private land, leading to an inevitable tragedy. This thesis adopts Shuang-Lien Lake as a case to demonstrate the possibility of an alternative, community-based approach. Through in-depth interviews with policy makers and major stakeholders, this research indicates how collaboration between local government and voluntary citizen groups could overcome the oppositions by local residents against conserving valuable ecologic system on private land.