鄉鎮圖書館與社區充分合作，使圖書館成為社區資源中心，是目前鄉鎮圖書館經營的重要目標。但是其中仍有許多問題尚待解決，包括鄉鎮圖書館對社區資源的認識不足與經費、人力資源的缺乏等，都形成鄉鎮圖書館發展的阻礙。因此本研究期望藉由對與社區結合有良好成效之圖書館進行研究，探討其運用社區資源行銷圖書館之經驗，以作為未來鄉鎮圖書館經營之參考。 本研究旨在探討鄉鎮圖書館成功運用社區資源行銷之經驗，瞭解鄉鎮圖書館行銷成功之因素，以及行銷過程中所面臨之問題。欲探討的研究問題如下：（一）鄉鎮圖書館如何發掘可運用之社區資源並尋求合作？（二）鄉鎮圖書館可運用的社區資源類型為何？（三）結合社區資源之行銷方式為圖書館和社區所帶來之效益為何？（四）鄉鎮圖書館在行銷過程中遭遇之困難？（五）鄉鎮圖書館如何因應行銷過程中所遭遇的困境？ 本研究採用個案研究法與訪談法，選擇以臺北縣深坑鄉、萬里鄉、新店市及宜蘭縣南澳鄉、宜蘭市及壯圍鄉立圖書館為研究對象。運用個案研究法蒐集各館之營運資料，瞭解各館營運之概況及行銷活動運作之情形。另外利用訪談法，訪談對象包含鄉鎮圖書館工作人員及社區人士，藉此瞭解鄉鎮圖書館工作者與社區成員對於鄉鎮圖書館運用社區資源之看法，探究其運用社區資源之經驗。 綜合各項資料歸納出結論，在社區資源的發掘方面，鄉鎮圖書館應掌握三項重點：（一）深入瞭解社區環境，充分運用社區之特色；（二）主動出擊經營公共關係，加強與社區的互動；（三）圖書館與社區的合作必須建立在互利的基礎之上。社區資源的型態會因各地區的發展而有所差異，各鄉鎮圖書館也會因應各自的經營策略而對社區資源有不同的運用方式，而圖書館可以運用的社區資源可分為（一）文化資源；（二）機構資源；（三）人力資源；（四）自然資源。 運用社區資源為圖書館行銷所帶來的效益包括（一）閱讀人口成長；（二）建立圖書館之經營特色；（三）提昇圖書館的能見度，增加民眾對圖書館的認同感。為社區帶來的效益則包括（一）提昇社區藝文風氣；（二）提供民眾成長、學習的機會；（三）提昇社區能見度，帶動社區發展。 鄉鎮圖書館在運用社區資源行銷的過程中面臨的困境包括（一）資源缺乏；（二）圖書館與社區認知上的歧異；（三）政治干預專業；（四）圖書館活動創新性與行動力不足。面對行銷的困境，鄉鎮圖書館的因應方式為（一）圖書館應該扮演資源整合者的角色；（二）適應社區文化，加強與社區的互動；（三）提昇地方首長對圖書館的關注。 最後本研究針對鄉鎮圖書館運用社區資源之方式及營運之困境提出以下建議：（一）改革鄉鎮圖書館體制，讓圖書館經營回歸專業；（二）有關單位應持續關注鄉鎮圖書館的發展，提供適當協助；（三）鄉鎮圖書館應確立自身的使命，扮演好應有的角色；（四）建立資料庫，整合社區資源；（五）強化人員培訓，切合實際需求。 / Rural libraries had become community resource centers after cooperated with communities. This is an important goal to the present rural library. However, there are still many issues to be resolved, including the lack of awareness of community resources and funding, human resources lacked. These problem formed obstacles to the development of rural libraries. This research focus on the marketing experience from those rural libraries which integrating community resources well, and expected to provide good examples to the future rural library’s management. The purpose of this study is to understand the successful marketing experience of rural libraries. The themes are as follows: (1) How rural library explore the community resources and to seek cooperation? (2) What types of community resources utilization? (3) What kinds of the benefits brought by integrating community resources to the rural library marketing? (4) What kind of difficulties will appear in the process of marketing? (5) How rural library respond to these problems? This study used case studies and interview as the research methodology. The interview objects are choosen from the rural libraries in Taipei and Ilan County, including Shenkeng, Wanli, sindian, Nanao, Ilan and Jhuangwei. The interviewer contains the rural library staff and the community members. For the community resources exploring, the rural library should have three priorities: (1) understanding the community resources fully, (2) managing public relations actively, (3) the cooperation among library and the community must be mutual beneficial. The type of community resources that rural libraries use can be divided into four categories:(1) culture Resources, (2) institutional resources, (3) human resources; (4) natural resources. The benefit which brings for the library including (1) the reading population growth; (2) establishes the characteristics of library; (3) increases the populace’s sympathy to the library. The benefit brings for the community includes (1) promotion the reading atmosphere; (2) provides the opportunity for populace to grow and study (3) impetus to community develops. The problems that the rural Library may faced in the process of marketing including (1) lack of resources, (2) the different perception between library and community, (3) political interference in professional, (4) lack of innovation and action. In order to solve these problems, rural libraries should (1) play important role to integrate community resource, (2) enhance interaction with the community, (3) promote government officer’s attention to the library. Finally, the suggestions for future development about the integrating community resources to the rural library marketing are as follow: (1), the reform of rural library system, let the library management follow the professional practice. (2) government should pay attention to the development of rural libraries continuously, and provide appropriate assistance, (3) rural libraries should establish its own mission, play important role in community development, (4) construct and integrate the community resources database, (5) strengthen the training of personnel to meet the real demand.

國民閱讀力是一個國家很重要的競爭力，國民閱讀力也是一個國家最有效益的投資項目。網際網路的發達促使地球村的生活圈更為緊密，因此群體生活中的個體都要有解決問題的能力，但面對多元及瞬息萬變的資訊快速變化世代，要擁有帶得走的閱讀能力才是讓未來學子應付社會變化的基本能力。 國中生介於兒童與成人磨合期，生理上的改變也影響到心理及對知識的需求。面對十二年國教來臨，師生的互動模式也有了改變，因此教學現場的老師教、學生學單行道方式默默地修正了，而要滿足教學現場的變化就要讓國中生有更完整的資訊素養。 資訊素養的養成需要完善的配套措施做配合，硬體上可由公共圖書館與國民中學圖書館提供圖書資訊的服務；軟體上，課程教學的設計規劃及圖書資訊利用教育的教導，都是讓國中生擁有資訊素養很重要的基礎架構。國民中學圖書館主要是服務全校師生，在經費和資源上確實受限於政府資源及圖書資訊專業能力，公共圖書館主要的服務對象是全體民眾，在經費和圖書資訊專業能力相較更為充裕，配合資訊素養的螺旋性課程規劃，若能讓國民中學圖書館與公共圖書館社區資源共享，相信可以營造書香的社會及培育國中擁有帶得走的終身學習能力。 本研究探討國外的南韓、新加坡、香港三個國家，國內的台北市、新北市、高雄市三個公共圖書館，就國民中學圖書館與公共圖書館社區資源共享的狀況，透過國內外的文獻探討與基隆市的現況做對照討論，讓未來社區資源共享的規畫更為妥善。 基隆市有台灣首座的私立公共圖書館，基隆地理位置有其歷史性，但氣候潮濕多雨影響了國中生戶外活動的機會，而行政轄區位於大台北生活區的邊緣地帶，因此如何增加學生休閒活動的場所，滿足學生在資源貧乏下的閱讀需求，國民中學圖書館與公共圖書館就得承擔起責任。 研究結果發現： (1)基隆市國民中學圖書館與公共圖書館社區資源共享有40%。 (2)社區資源共享的類型主要為「與作家有約」。 (3)國民中學圖書館與公共圖書館社區資源共享的動機及需求很強烈。 最後，本研究亦提出針對國民中學圖書館與公共圖書館社區資源共享後續研究可以討論的方向與目標。 / National reading ability is a very important competitiveness of a country, and it is also a most effective investment for a country. Internet promotes global village living area more closely, so the individual should have the ability to solve problems. In order to face the diversity and rapid changes in information generation, it is nessary to have the ability of reading comprehension. Middle school students are at the run-in period between children and adults period, changes of the physical edffect psychological needs and knowledge needs. With the coming of 12-year compulsory education policy, the teacher-student interaction mode has also been changed. One way mode that teachers teach and students learn amended, and it’s necessary to cultivate the information literacy of middle school students. To improve students’ information literacy do need the coordination and cooperation between the public libraries and the national middle school libraries. Both of the libraries can provide library and information services to the students on hardware part, and provide curriculum and teaching design or library instruction on software part. And both parts are the basis of information literacy. National middle school libraries service mainly on teachers and students, so the government funding and resources are indeed limited. The main target of public libraries is the entire population, and compared to school libraries, government funding and professional capacity are abundant. If middle school libraries and public libraries can share the resources with each other, and also implement the information literacy curriculum with spiral planning at the same time, the scholarly community can be created and middle school students can be cultivated with reading comprehension ability. This study investigate the resources sharing between national middle school libraries and public libraries of overseas areas, South Korea, Singapore and Hong Kong and also three domestic areas including Taipei, New Taipei and Kaohsiung. Through the literature review of resource sharing between libraries, and compared it with the situation of keelung, a better future plan can be make. Although there is a Taiwan's first private public library in Keelung and it has historic location, the humid and rainy weather and the frontier location of Taipei City affecte the middle school students’ opportunities of outdoor activities. Therefore, national middle school libraries and public libraries have the responsibility to increase students' leisure activities places and meet the students need of reading. The results found that: (1) 40% national middle school libraries and the public libraries share community resources. (2) the main types of shared community resource is the speech of "about the writer." (3) the motivation and demand of community resources sharing between national middle school libraries and public libraries are very strong. At the end of this study, issues of the community resources sharing between national middle school libraries for follow-up study are suggested.

本研究的研究目的有六，首先，探討國民小學與社區資源共享的理論基礎；其二，研究臺北市國民小學與社區資源共享的情形；其三，瞭解臺北市國民小學與社區資源共享的相關作法；其四，分析學校行政人員、教師和社區人士對臺北市國民小學與社區資源共享的看法；其五，探析臺北市國民小學與社區資源共享的困難所在；其六，綜合研究發現，提出對臺北市國民小學與社區資源共享的建議。為達此研究目的，本研究進行相關文獻探討，並針對臺北市公立國民小學所屬社區進行訪談和問卷調查。 在資料分析上，訪談的資料以描述性方式記錄，問卷和調查表主要以次數百分比、卡方考驗和Cochran Q 考驗進行分析。經研究結果與分析發現： （一）系統理論、實用主義以及教育社會學為國民小學與社區資源共享之理論基礎。 （二）臺北市國民小學與社區資源共享之情形：1.國小使用社區資源方面，最常使用的「人的資源」為家長，「事的資源」為節慶活動，「物的資源」為自然環境；2.社區使用國小資源方面，最常使用的「人的資源」為學校行政人員、「事的資源」為運動會、「物的資源」為操場；3.就目前而言，學校與社區資源共享情形普遍，頻率頗高。 （三）臺北市國民小學與社區資源共享之相關作法：1.相關作法包括社區家庭教育、田園教學、建構校園與學區安全、校園開放和學校日等；2.多數學校人員和社區人士對資源共享相關政策持肯定意見多；3.多數學校人員贊成校園開放，而校園髒亂、資源受損、安全考量和經費問題是校園開放最大的問題；4.學校推行校園開放政策時，以不影響學校運作為原則。 （四）學校人員和社區人士對國民小學與社區資源共享之看法：1.不同的教育界服務年資對「國小與社區資源共享的情形感到滿意」的看法有顯著差異；2.多數填答者一致認為國小的校務經營與社區的發展具有非常密切的關係、國小與社區資源共享非常重要、可以發展學校和社區獨特的特色、增加彼此的認同與和諧、促進學校社區化與社區學校化、可以拓展學生的多元學習經驗、促進社區人士終身學習等等；3.資源共享的缺點在學校安全問題、學校環境和設備維護問題、增加學校人力和財力負擔、家長干擾學校運作。 （五）臺北市國民小學與社區資源共享之困難和可行方法：1.學校方面的困難包括「學校經費有限」、「資源共享會對學校運作造成干擾」、「資源共享導致學校資源受損」；2.教師方面的困難包括「教師工作繁重，沒有時間配合」、「教師對所在社區的資源不瞭解」、「教師本身無意願」；3.學生方面的困難包括「學生安全的顧慮」、「班級人數過多，導致動員困難」、「學生參與意願低」；4.社區方面的困難包括「社區無法提供有系統的資源」、「家長仍有智育掛帥的觀念」、「社區缺乏參與管道和方法」；5.可行方法為建立雙方資源資料庫、成立專責聯繫單位、有關機關應倡導資源共享的理念和作法、制訂相關法令規定，另外，舉辦活動則是促進學校和社區資源共享和交流互動最好的方式。 研究者根據文獻探討和本研究的發現，提出以下建議： （一）對上級主管教育機關的建議：1.訂定更明確的相關法令規定；2.宣導資源共享的理念和作法；3.編列預算，給予經費補助。 （二）對學校的建議：1.建立校內共識，以提升配合意願，並訂定詳細的資源共享規定；2.建立學校資源資料庫；3.成立專責聯繫單位、運用現有組織、或在各處室成立委員會負責聯繫推行；4.善用家長資源與社區保持聯繫。 （三）對社區的建議：1.成立專責聯繫單位或運用現有組織負責推行；2.建立社區資源資料庫；3.運用各種管道與學校保持聯繫；4.提升社區居民的公德心。 （四）對未來研究的建議：1.在研究對象方面，可以擴大研究對象的範圍至臺北縣市、或全國的國民小學，此外，也可研究國民中學或其他層級的學校與社區資源共享的情形。2.在研究內容方面可針對資源共享對學校效能的影響，或對學生學習效果的影響等，進行更進一步的探討。

公共圖書館中以鄉鎮圖書館和社區關係最為密切，並在社區中扮演重要的角色，對於社區整體發展，亦有舉足輕重的地位。然鄉鎮圖書館囿於有限的人力、經費與物力下，須與社區資源相結合，才能拓展圖書館本身之服務。本論文旨在了解國內外鄉鎮圖書館社區資源運用之具體成效，就苗栗縣三灣鄉圖書館為個案，深入探討其館務營運及社區資源運用情況及困境。 本研究採文獻分析法與深度訪法，參考國內外圖書館運用社區資源相關文獻，設計訪談大綱，並另蒐集93年度全省各縣市評鑑優良之十所鄉鎮圖書館與國外三所圖書館，對於其社區資源運用情況詳加分析。訪談對象為苗栗縣文化局圖書資訊課的課長、三灣鄉鄉長、鄉民代表主席、以瞭解地方行政首長對於社區圖書館發展之概念與參與熱誠，並訪談三灣鄉立圖書館館長，探析圖書館執掌者對於社區資源運用之概念、三灣鄉圖書館社區資源運用現況以及對於社區資源運用面臨之困境與展望，藉以建立鄉鎮圖書館社區資源運用之模式。 歸納研究結果重點如下：(一)鄉鎮圖書館對社區資源認識不足；(二)地方首長重視與否影響圖書館發展；(三)社區意識不足導致社區資源運用困難；(四)社區中缺乏資訊交流整合中心；(五)鄉鎮圖書館並未有系統的建立與保存社區資源。對研究結果提出建議如下：(一)延伸社區資源運用範圍；(二)多元化思考開創社區資源運用之可能性；(三)加強與地方首長的溝通；(四)鄉鎮圖書館彼此間建立社區資源網；(五)充實鄉鎮圖書館網站內容；(六)架構社區資源運用資料庫。 / Among the public libraries the rural libraries have the relationship between with the communities, and play an important role in the integrate development of the communities. But since the rural libraries have limited manpower, budgets and the material resources, they can only develop their libraries with the conglomeration the community resources. This thesis aims at understanding first the concrete effects of utilization and the takes the resources of communities by the rural libraries at home and abroad Sanwang Library at Miaoli County as a case study to probe into the present situation and at predicament it its library operations and community resources utilization. This research adopts the methods of literatures analyzing and in-depth interviews by consulting the relevant documents of the communities resources utilization by libraries at home and abroad. The interview outlines and designed .And details of the community resources utilization by the ten good-service rural libraries evaluated in 2004 and three foreign rural and collected for the in-depth analysis. This research as to the interviews, the interviewer include the chief of the information section of Miaoli County Library, and the head and chief preventative of Sanwang Town. The purposes are to find out local administrative leader’s concepts the community libraries development and their enthusiasm in the participation for such developments. There has been am in-depth interview to the director of Miaoli County Library for the about mentioned aim and analysis so as to find out a model for the communities resources utilization. The highlights of the research are as follows: 1.The rural libraries are in short of the knowledge about the community resource; 2.The concerns by the local government heads and councilors have great influence our the library development; 3.The local of communities consciousness leads to the difficult in the communities resources utilization ; 4.The community information interchange integration is not available; 5.There is no systematic establishment and preservation communities resources in the rural libraries. Therefore six suggestions are made as follows: 1.To extend the scope of the utilization of the community resources; 2.To consider though multiple approaches any possible ways of the communities resources utilization; 3.To strengthen the communication with the local government heads; 4.To establish the mutual community resource networks among rural libraries; 5.To enrich contents of the rural libraries websites; 6.To set the community resources utilization databases.

國內許多社區擁有豐富的自然及人文資源，為了有效促進經濟發展與促使遊客了解社區環境資源，部分組織體系較完整的社區，已陸續展開社區發展規劃工作，鼓勵社區民眾共同參與社區林業經營與環境資源管理等工作。對於社區資源管理方面，如何將社區內各項資源進行有效地規劃與適當地呈現，以及與其他不同社區之間的資源資料整合，皆為當前主要面臨的課題之一。為考量社區的經濟條件限制，本研究利用低成本的開放源碼(Open Source)軟體如Django和QGIS (Quantum GIS)，及網路上提供的免費軟體Google Earth，搭配空間資訊科技輔助資料蒐集，建構出社區資源之地理空間資料庫，並建立一套完整的網際網路地理資訊系統WebGIS (Web-based GIS)平台，提供使用者可經由操作網頁方式進行資料分享、管理及分析等服務。並結合MapServer、Google Maps API (Application Programming Interface)、Openlayers API與JavaScript設計動態網頁，讓社區和一般使用者可以透過地圖互動方式與相關地理資料的多樣化呈現以了解社區之各項資源，且促使社區管理者更有效進行資源規劃及提高生態旅遊之效益；同時融入公眾參與地理資訊系統(Public Participation Geographic Information Systems, PPGIS)的理念，鼓勵共同參與資源管理，於網站上加入討論與分享機制，進而擴大居民參與社區資源規劃討論的空間。研究成果顯示，利用GPS軌跡記錄器可於低成本的條件下，幫助環境資源等資料的收集；本研究舉辦數次的教育訓練以及觀察社區居民的學習情形，證實利用WebGIS平台的簡易操作，能促使社區中不同的使用者願意分享各自擁有的資料，發揮自發性地理資訊(Volunteered geographic information, VGI)的精神。且藉由公眾參與的方式，將能獲得更多不同來源的圖資或社區資源相關資料，以強化系統的資料庫內容。此外，透過各種豐富圖資瀏覽與空間分析工具，更有利於社區資源管理與決策分析之應用。 / Many local communities have a wealth of natural and humanistic resources. In order to effectively promote economic development and let more tourists know the environmental resources of the community, some more well-organized communities have launched community development planning to encourage local people to participate in community forestry and environmental resources management work. For community resources management, the most important issue is how to manage and present various community resources effectively, and to integrate resource data collected by different communities. Considering the economic constraint of community, this study used low-cost open source software such as Django and QGIS (Quantum GIS), and free software such as Google Earth, and spatial information technologies to collect data and establish geospatial database of community resources. Moreover, a WebGIS (Web-based GIS) platform was built to provide users with various services including data sharing, management, and analysis. By combining MapServer, Google Maps API (Application Programming Interface), Openlayers API, and JavaScript dynamic web pages, the system let users understand the resources of the community through a diverse display of interactive electronic maps and related geographic information. It also enables the community manager to carry out resource planning more effectively, and promotes benefits of ecotourism. In addition, the system incorporates the concept of PPGIS (Public Participation Geographic Information Systems) by adding functionalities of discussion and information sharing so as to encourage public involvement in resource management, and facilitate residents to participate in the discussion of resource planning. The results show that, GPS tracking devices can assist in collecting community resources data with low cost and high efficiency. By observing the activities of community residents after several training workshops, this research proves that WebGIS platform can facilitate different users of the community to voluntarily share their own data, which conforms to the spirit of VGI (Volunteered geographic information). With public participation, the geodatabase can effectively incorporate more data about the community resources from different sources. Furthermore, the geodatabase and spatial analysis tools will be helpful for decision-making on community resources management.