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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
21

國會小黨的行動策略與運作

蔡韻竹 Unknown Date (has links)
政黨是我國政治中最重要的行動者,然而多數有關於政黨政治的研究多由大黨的角度出發,忽略了其他中、小規模的政黨在其中所能發揮的影響作用。本文以小黨為主要研究對象,由小黨的觀點解釋其如何在政治運作過程中發揮政治影響力,或是以哪些手段達成更多的政黨目的。本研究選擇的研究對象是民主化以來存續時間較長、規模較大的三個小黨:新黨、親民黨與台灣團結聯盟,研究時間從立法院第3屆起(1995年)至第6屆結束(2008年)為止,共12年的時間。 本文結合國內外國會、政黨研究的相關研究成果,建構一套小黨的行動理論,接著從結構性的制度規則、質性的立委深入訪談資料,以及量化的立法紀錄,檢視與解釋三個小黨在立法院的各種行動及背後的政治動機。在台灣,小黨的出現常常是因大黨在政黨立場上先出現變動,小黨有取代大黨原有的政黨立場與選票支持的企圖而興起。隨後在議事規則的政黨化改革過程中,又給予小黨透過參與選舉、晉身進入立法議事參與者的政治機會。小黨的興起及運作機會既與外在的政黨政治及制度條件密切相關,也即預示小黨在立法院的策略行動及政治結果,也受到現實的政黨政治關係、自身的政黨立場及議事制度等現實條件所限制框架。經由對於三小黨的質化訪談與量化立法紀錄資料的分析後發現,小黨的政黨行動兼具持續與彈性的雙重特徵,在不同的政治條件下,小黨的某些政黨行動並不因為政治條件的改變而轉變,如團結與妥協。但小黨又常隨著不同的大黨對立程度,調整其於政治過程中的議價方式,是其靈活彈性的另一面。
22

行政官員與立法委員之政策合法化論述—審議民主觀點的內容分析

劉姵吟, Liu, Pei-Yin Unknown Date (has links)
行政官員與立法委員於立法院的政策論述,是代議民主體制中政策合法化過程的核心,論述內容是否具備審議民主精神係影響政策合法性及未來執行過程的關鍵因素,但相關主題過去卻為學界所忽略。本文從審議民主觀點探究行政官員與立法委員的政策合法化論述,透過個案比較研究法,選取大學法與私立學校法的修法過程進行內容分析。研究結果顯示,立法委員的政策合法化論述主要以監督、連任、與政策為目標,其互惠性、多元性、尊重性、與合理性皆有待加強;行政官員的論述則是基於課責、回應、及責任等考量,但大多論述皆過於保守與消極,缺乏合理性之精神。兩者論述內容的差異及審議民主精神之缺乏,應與各自的制度性角色要求相關。基於研究發現,本文主張立法委員的論述應多聚焦於政策方案內容,行政官員則應更為主動、積極,以更符合回應與責任的要求、提升政策論述的審議精神。本文亦建議,立法院應針對政策合法化過程建立完整的公開記錄制度。本文為一初探性嘗試,未來學界可根據實務觀察,設計更完善的評估指標,或輔以制度論角度,裨益於對立法委員與行政官員的政策合法化論述有更完整地解釋。 / Administrators and legislators’ policy discourse in the Legislative Yuan is the core of policy legitimation under the representative democracy. The content of discourse with deliberative democracy spirit, ignored by the academics in the past, will influence policy legitimation and policy implementation. This study investigates administrators and legislators’ policy legitimation discourse from the perspective of deliberative democracy. The author selected the processes of amending the University Act and the Private School Law by comparative study of cases, and used content analysis method. The results show legislators take the supervision, reelection, and policy as their purposes in the discourse of policy legitimation. The attributes such as reciprocity, diversity, respect, and reasonableness in the legislators’ policy legitimation discourse have a great room for improvement. Administrators would mainly consider accountability, responsiveness, and responsibility during the discourse. Administrators are always conservative and passive, and the discourse is a lack of the reasonableness. The difference between legislators and administrators’ discourses may relate to respective institutional roles. Accordingly, this study suggests legislators focus on the content of policy proposal. This study also recommends administrators be more active and enthusiastic to answer to the requirement of responsiveness and responsibility, and to promote the deliberative spirit of the discourse. Besides, the author proposes the Legislative Yuan institutionalize the complete and open records of the policy legitimation. This research is the pilot study. Therefore, in the future, the academics could design more appropriate evaluative indicators, or can be integrated by the perspective of the institutionalism for better explanation of administrators and legislators’ policy legitimation discourse.

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