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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

黃金價格預測探討-跳躍模型之改良 / On Forecasting Gold Price: An Improved Jump and Dip Forecasting Model

方玠人, Fang, Chieh Jen Unknown Date (has links)
本文改良了Shafiee-Topal(2010)所提出之跳躍模型之波動率,並歸納成三種模型:改良跳躍模型、改良平滑跳躍模型以及最佳化跳躍模型,並運用時間序列模型探討樣本期間內黃金價格。第一部份比較三種跳躍模型與Shafiee-Topal模型在訓練集及測試集的預測結果,並預測2012年至2018年之黃金價格走勢。第二部份探討黃金價格、原油價格以及美元加權指數之間的互動關係,建立多變數模型以預測黃金價格之長期趨勢。 首先,本文檢驗黃金價格、原油價格及美元加權指數樣本之恆定性,經由ADF 單根檢定法發現序列具有單根,進而使用TSP(Trend Stationary Process)估計模型參數。其次,黃金價格、原油價格及美元加權指數經共整合檢定發現,各模型變數間均具有共整合關係,即變數間具有長期均衡關係。黃金價格與原油價格呈正向反應,而黃金價格和原油價格與美元加權指數呈負向反應,除了受自身的預測解釋能力外,亦可以做為觀察其他變數的未來走勢方向及影響大小預估。最後,探討黃金價格受波動率的影響情形,本文改良Shafiee-Topal模型之波動率,並比較四種模型對黃金價格趨勢預測之結果,發現改良平滑跳躍模型在實際黃金價格波動率大時,其趨勢預測結果會優於Shafiee-Topal模型。 / This research advanced the volatility component (λ) of the jump and dip model (Shafiee and Topal,2010) on gold prices from 1968 to 2012 and estimated the gold price for the next 6 years. Based on the trend stationary process, we defined the three components and derived three new models: Adjusted Jump and Dip Model, Adjusted Smooth Jump and Dip Model and Optimized Jump and Dip Model. First part of the thesis compared the performance in prediction of the training data and the testing data for three different models and the jump and dip model. Second part of the thesis investigated the relationship among the gold price, crude oil price, and trade weighted U.S. dollar index of the concepts The result illustrated the long term trend of gold price described by a multivariate predictive model. We found evidence that different levels of volatility affect the prediction of gold price, and the adjusted jump and dip Model performs best when the true volatility is relatively high.
2

動態信用風險與PBJD模型下之可轉債評價 / Pricing Convertible Bonds under Dynamic Credit Risk and Pareto-Beta Jump-Diffusion Model

姚博文 Unknown Date (has links)
可轉換公司債是一種複雜且擁有許多風險的商品,而對於台灣的可轉債市場來說,信用風險佔了評價裡很重要的一部份。本篇論文使用縮減式評價模型,考慮信用風險及股價跳躍。跳躍模型使用Pareto-Beta Jump-Diffusion模型,並且利用信用價差之動態過程,來對可轉換公司債作評價,而為了解決提前轉換的問題,也使用了最小平方蒙地卡羅法來處理。本篇論文分別對宏碁與新光金之可轉債做實證研究,實證結果顯示,加入了股價跳躍之後,的確可以使理論價格更貼近市場真實價格。
3

企業投資之實質選擇權評價 / The Real Option Valuation of Corporate Investments

吳明政, Wu, Ming Cheng Unknown Date (has links)
建立適當的資本投資決策,對於企業未來的發展具有深遠的影響。如何能擬定出適合的資本預算計畫,以增加公司的成長機會與競爭能力,便是當前重要的課題。本論文以三個階段探討企業投資歷程中所具有的實質選擇權評價:包括對於計畫案擬定之初期,進行投資機會價值評估的實質成長選擇權。以及針對投資計畫開始進行時,管理者所擁有的各種管理彈性,如遞延、擴張、縮減與暫停投資的決策彈性,進行多重實質選擇權的價值評估。最後,針對未能順利成功的計畫案,管理者擁有將其永遠放棄,以收回投資成本殘值的實質放棄選擇權價值進行評估。   對於第一階段的成長選擇權價值評估,本文已建立出同時考量標的資產與投資成本隨機變動,以及標的資產存在不連續跳躍特性下的選擇權評價封閉解,結果可用來評估計畫方案擬定初期的實質成長選擇權價值。若將評價模式中的參數進行限制,則本模型將會分別退化至Black and Scholes(1973), Merton(1976), Fischer(1978), Margrabe(1978), McDonald and Siegel(1985)等重要的選擇權評價文獻,可知本文已獲致較一般化的評價模型。   在第二階段的多重實質選擇權價值評估,本文採用Trigeorgis(1991)所建立的對數轉換二項評價模式,再加入跳躍模型的考量,以符合科技產業所具有的創新、競爭特性,期較能合理評估其價值,也獲得了較一般化的評價模式。再者,本文以模擬方式對於管理者在投資計畫的進行過程中所擁有的遞延、擴張、縮減以及暫停投資等彈性決策價值進行評估,以彰顯出利用實質選擇權評價方法進行彈性決策價值評估的必要性。由數值分析的結果得到,當多個實質選擇權同時存在時,其間將產生不同程度的交互作用,因此並不能直接將個別價值予以加總來求算整體的實質選擇權價值。不過,每項管理彈性的加入對於整體價值的增加皆具有正向貢獻。   對於第三階段的放棄選擇權價值評估,本文建立同時存在多項投資方案下的實質放棄選擇權評價模型,結果可用來評估研發計畫方案未能成功時的實質放棄選擇權價值。此外,本文進一步對於此評價模型進行數值分析,並將所得到的結果歸納如下:(1)方案間價值變動相關係數對於實質放棄選擇權價值的影響上,有相關係數越高時,實質放棄選擇權的價值就越高的現象。(2)殘值回收比率較高時,若採取較多的投資計畫方案,將可以獲致較高的實質放棄選擇權價值,此結果可作偽管理者在選擇備抵方案數目時的參考。(3)對於敏威性分析的探討,發現到當殘值增加、利率下降以及剩餘期間較長時,實質放棄選擇權的價值是增加的,此現象與賣權特性結果一致。   因此,本文針對企業投資歷程中所具有的實質選擇權評價進行深入探討,分別建立選擇權評價模型,也獲致了較以往模型更一般化的評價結果。並於各評價模型建構完成後,輔以數值模擬與敏感性分析,以進一步說明本文所建構模型之一般性與合理性。最後,希望此結果有助於日後企業對於投資價值評估時之參考,並可彌補此類研究文獻的不足。 / This dissertation presents three essays, each provides a general real option pricing model. In the first essay, we derive a generalized option pricing formula for the case of the underlying asset and exercise price both being driven by a mixture of continuous and jump diffusion processes. Our pricing model is a generalized version of Black and Scholes(1973), Merton(1976), Fischer(1978), Margrabe(1978), and McDonald-Siegel(l 985). And each of the historical model is shown to be a special case of ours. We then use the model developed in this article to evaluate real growth options where the underlying assets follow jump diffusion processes. The second essay develops a multi-option pricing model incorporating jump characteristics. The model we provide here can be used to value various types of flexibilities, including the option to defer, the option to shut down, the option to contract, and the option to expand. Based on our numerical results, we find that the model can deal with the interactions among these options. The third essay considers an abandonment option on the maximizing value of several investment projects. Here we develop a model to evaluate R&D projects that may not be accomplished. We show that both Black-Scholes's model and Stuiz's model are special cases of ours under certain restrictions on parameters. From the simulation results, we find a positive relation between the correlation of project value changes and the value of the real abandonment options. Furthermore, our simulation results show that the higher the percentage of recovering salvage value, the more number of investment projects should be carried out. The result we find can help managers to choose the better backup projects. Our sensitivity analysis shows that the value of the real abandonment options increase when the riskless interest rate decreases, and at the same time the salvage value and the time to maturity increase.

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